Reforms

Women, Business and the Law 1.0 (WBL 1.0 Index) tracks legal and regulatory changes for each of its eight indicators. A reform is considered any change in laws or regulations that results in an improvement of score from 0 to 1 in any of an indicator’s sub-questions. A negative change is considered any change in laws or regulations that results in a deterioration of score from 1 to 0 in any of an indicator's sub-questions.

Reforms published in the Women, Business and the Law 2024 report (specifically affecting the WBL 1.0 Index) took place over the period from October 2, 2022 to October 1, 2023. Eighteen economies made the economic empowerment of women a priority by implementing reforms facilitating women's entrepreneurship and entry into the workforce. Economies have implemented over 2,000 reforms across all Women, Business and the Law indicators since 1971. Explore the reforms in the table below, or download the reform database here.

With regards to the new Women, Business and the Law 2.0 (WBL 2.0 Index), the legal frameworks data set will be aligned to reflect evolution of all 10 indicators since 1970, pending availability of resources. Only once this work is completed, will the panel data set be made available to the public.

Type in the search bar to filter by economy, region, indicator, year or reform description.

Economy	Region	Indicator	Report Year	Name of the Law	Date of Enactment	Date of Entry into Force	Type of Reform	Data Point	Reform Description
Armenia	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Armenia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Armenia	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Armenia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Azerbaijan	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor	07/15/1970	07/15/1970	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Azerbaijan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Azerbaijan	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Azerbaijan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Belarus	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Belarus set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Belarus	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Belarus prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Botswana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1972	Succession (Rights of the Surviving Spouse and Inheritance Family Provisions) Act	12/14/1970	12/14/1970	Positive	Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?	Botswana equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1972	Civil Code	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1972	Civil Code	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1972	Civil Code	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1972	Civil Code	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Ecuador removed provisions designating the husband as administrator of property, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1972	Civil Code	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Ecuador removed provisions designating the husband as administrator of property, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1972	Civil Code of 1970	11/20/1970	11/20/1970	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Ecuador allowed women to legally get a job the same as a man without the husband's permission.
Estonia	High income: OECD	Pension	1972	The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Estonia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Estonia	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1972	The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Estonia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
France	High income: OECD	Marriage	1972	Civil Code	06/04/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	France allowed women to be head of household.
Georgia	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of Georgia	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Georgia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Georgia	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Georgia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Italy	High income: OECD	Marriage	1972	Law No. 898 of 1970	12/01/1970	12/03/1970	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Italy adopted its first law on divorce, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Kazakhstan	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan	07/01/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Kazakhstan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Kazakhstan	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Kazakhstan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Kyrgyz Republic	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Decree Dated March 26, 1956 on Increasing the Duration of Holidays for Pregnancy and Childhood	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Kyrgyz Republic set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Kyrgyz Republic	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Kyrgyz Republic prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Lao PDR	East Asia & Pacific	Marriage	1972	Law No. 70-459 of 1970 amended Civil Code	06/04/1970	06/04/1970	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Lao PDR allowed women to be head of household.
Latvia	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1972	Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Latvia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Moldova	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Moldova set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Moldova	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Moldova prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Russian Federation	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics	07/01/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	The Russian Federation set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Seychelles	Sub-Saharan Africa	Marriage	1972	Law No. 70-459 of 1970 amended Civil Code	06/04/1970	06/04/1970	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Seychelles allowed women to be head of household.
Seychelles	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1972	National Provident Fund Act	03/29/1971	03/29/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	The Seychelles introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Seychelles	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1972	National Provident Fund Act	03/29/1971	03/29/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	The Seychelles introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
St. Lucia	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1972	National Insurance Corporation Act and National Insurance Regulation	10/31/1970	10/31/1970	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	St. Lucia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
St. Lucia	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1972	National Insurance Corporation Act and National Insurance Regulation	10/31/1970	10/31/1970	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	St. Lucia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Tajikistan	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Tajikistan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Ukraine	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1972	Labor Code of Ukraine	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Ukraine set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Ukraine	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of Ukraine	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Ukraine prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Uzbekistan	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1972	Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan	07/15/1970	01/01/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Uzbekistan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Azerbaijan	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1973	Labor Code of the Azerbaijan Republic	12/10/1971	06/01/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Azerbaijan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Bahamas, The	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	National Insurance Act	12/12/1971	12/12/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	The Bahamas introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Bahamas, The	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	National Insurance Act	12/12/1971	12/12/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	The Bahamas introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Marriage	1973	Civil Code	05/15/1972	05/15/1972	Positive	Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?	Belgium abolished a waiting period for remarriage, giving women the same rights to remarry as men.
Burundi	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1973	Ministerial Order No. 110/172 - Duration of Vacation Leave with Pay and Circumstantial Leave	11/18/1971	11/18/1971	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Burundi introduced paid paternity leave.
Canada	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1973	Employment Insurance Act	06/23/1971	06/27/1971	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Canada increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Canada	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1973	Employment Insurance Act	06/23/1971	06/27/1971	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Canada began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Georgia	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1973	Labor Code of Georgia	07/30/1971	10/01/1973	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Georgia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1973	Matrimonial Causes Act	09/07/1971	06/14/1985	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Ghana introduced the Matrimonial Causes Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Honduras	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	Regulation of Social Security Law	12/17/1971	12/17/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Honduras introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Italy	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1973	Legislative Decree no. 151 of 26 March 2001	01/18/1972	01/18/1972	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Italy increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1973	Law of Domicile Act of 1972	06/04/1971	06/05/1971	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Kenya introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Latvia	High income: OECD	Pension	1973	Labor Law	12/09/1971	04/01/1972	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Latvia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Latvia	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1973	Labor Law	12/09/1971	12/09/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Latvia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Lithuania	High income: OECD	Pension	1973	Law on State Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania	12/09/1971	04/01/1972	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Lithuania set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Lithuania	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1973	Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania	12/09/1971	12/09/1971	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Lithuania prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Lithuania	High income: OECD	Workplace	1973	Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania	01/01/1972	01/01/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Lithuania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Nigeria	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1973	Administration of Estates Law of Lagos	01/01/1972	01/01/1972	Positive	Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?	Nigeria equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.
Nigeria	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1973	Administration of Estates Law of Lagos	01/01/1972	01/01/1972	Positive	Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?	Nigeria equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.
Russian Federation	Europe & Central Asia	Parenthood	1973	Labor Code of the Russian Federation	12/09/1971	04/01/1972	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	The Russian Federation prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Russian Federation	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1973	Labor Code of the Russian Federation	12/09/1971	04/01/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	The Russian Federation prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Samoa	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1973	National Provident Fund Act	03/23/1972	03/23/1972	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Samoa introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Samoa	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1973	National Provident Fund Act	03/23/1972	03/23/1972	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Samoa introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	National Insurance Act	11/01/1971	11/15/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	National Insurance Act	11/01/1971	11/15/1971	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1973	National Insurance Act	11/01/1971	11/15/1971	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1973	Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act	02/21/1972	02/21/1972	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Trinidad and Tobago recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions, including those made by "looking after the home or caring for the family."
Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1974	The Social Security Act Cap. 408	07/11/1972	07/11/1972	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Antigua and Barbuda introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1974	The Social Security Act Cap. 408	07/11/1972	07/11/1972	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Antigua and Barbuda introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Armenia	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1974	Labor Code	06/16/1972	10/01/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Armenia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Azerbaijan	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1974	Labor Code of the Azerbaijan Republic	12/10/1971	06/01/1972	Positive	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Azerbaijan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.
Bangladesh	South Asia	Mobility	1974	Bangladesh Passport Order of 1973	02/08/1973	02/08/1973	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	Bangladesh introduced new legislation which no longer requires a married woman her husband's information when applying for a passport.
Belarus	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1974	Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus dated 06/23/1972	06/23/1972	06/23/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Belarus prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1974	Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.	01/12/1973	01/12/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Benin introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1974	Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.	01/12/1973	01/12/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Benin introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1974	Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.	01/12/1973	01/12/1973	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Benin introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way a man.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Bolivia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Bolivia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1974	Family Code of 1972	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Negative	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Bolivia introduced a legal provision that allows a husband to object to his wife's work.
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1974	Law No. 603 Family Code	08/23/1972	04/02/1973	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Bolivia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Chile	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1974	Law No. 17928 of 1973 amended the Labor Code	04/12/1973	04/12/1973	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Chile increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Cyprus	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1974	Social Insurance Law 2010 (59(I)/2010)	12/29/1972	12/29/1972	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Cyprus explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1974	The Matrimonial Causes Act of 1973	05/23/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Dominica allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1974	The Matrimonial Causes Act of 1973	05/23/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Dominica recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
France	High income: OECD	Pay	1974	Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women	12/22/1972	12/22/1972	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	France mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1974	Matrimonial Causes Act	05/23/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Grenada allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1974	Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance	01/01/1973	01/01/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1974	Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance	01/01/1973	01/01/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1974	Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance	01/01/1973	01/01/1973	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Japan	High income: OECD	Workplace	1974	Act No. 113 of July, 1972 - Act on Securing, Etc. of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment	07/01/1972	07/01/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Japan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Kazakhstan	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1974	Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan	07/21/1972	01/01/1973	Positive	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Kazakhstan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.
Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1974	Law of Succession Act	11/13/1972	07/01/1981	Positive	Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?	Kenya equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Liberia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Marriage	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Liberia allowed women to be head of household.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to sign a legally biding contract without her husband's consent.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Liberia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1974	Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973	04/10/1973	04/10/1973	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Liberia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Lithuania	High income: OECD	Pension	1974	Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania	06/01/1972	06/01/1972	Positive	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Lithuania no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Workplace	1974	Civil Code	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Luxembourg allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Assets	1974	Civil Code	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Luxembourg granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1974	Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1974	Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1974	Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Marriage	1974	Civil Code	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Luxembourg no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Mobility	1974	Civil Code	12/12/1972	12/25/1972	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Luxembourg reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Niger	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1974	Interprofessional collective agreement of 15 December 1972 Notice relating to the extension of the interprofessional collective agreement	12/15/1972	05/10/1973	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Niger introduced paid paternity leave.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1974	Decree Law No. 19990 the National System of Social Security Pensions	04/24/1973	04/24/1973	Negative	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Peru set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1974	Decree Law No. 19990 the National System of Social Security Pensions	04/24/1973	04/24/1973	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Peru explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Philippines	East Asia & Pacific	Parenthood	1974	Presidential Decree No. 24, s. 1972	10/19/1972	10/19/1972	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	The Philippines's social security system began administering maternity benefits.
Poland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1974	Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code	07/06/1972	07/06/1972	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Poland increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Romania	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1974	Law Number: 10 of 25/11/72 Labor Code	11/25/1972	02/25/1973	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Romania set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Romania	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1974	Law Number: 10 of 25/11/72 Labor Code	11/25/1972	03/01/1973	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Romania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1974	Family Code	06/12/1972	01/01/1973	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Senegal allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Solomon Islands	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1974	Retirement and Re-employment Act	01/01/1973	01/01/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Solomon Islands introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Solomon Islands	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1974	Retirement and Re-employment Act	01/01/1973	01/01/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Solomon Islands introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1974	Labor Code	10/18/1972	10/21/1972	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Somalia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pay	1974	Labor Code	10/18/1972	10/21/1972	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Somalia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pay	1974	Labor Code	10/18/1972	10/21/1972	Positive	Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?	Somalia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.
Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1974	Labor Code	10/18/1972	10/21/1972	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Somalia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1974	Labor Code	10/18/1972	10/21/1972	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Somalia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
St. Kitts and Nevis	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1974	The Divorce Act	05/23/1973	05/23/1973	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	St. Kitts and Nevis allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1974	Matrimonial Causes Act	05/23/1973	05/23/1973	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	St. Vincent and the Grenadines allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Assets	1974	Matrimonial Causes Act 1973	05/23/1973	05/23/1973	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	The United Kingdom recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Marriage	1974	Matrimonial Causes Act 1973	05/23/1973	05/23/1973	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	The United Kingdom reformed the Matrimonial Causes Act, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Vanuatu	East Asia & Pacific	Marriage	1974	Matrimonial Causes Act 1973	05/23/1973	05/23/1973	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Vanuatu allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Austria	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1975	Maternity Leave Act of 1973	04/01/1974	04/01/1974	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Austria increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1975	Order No. 74-38 of May 9, 1974, amending Order No. 33 PR/MFPT of September 28, 1967, establishing the Labor Code	05/09/1974	05/09/1974	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Benin prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Brazil	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1975	Law No. 5.890, of June 8, 1973	06/30/1973	06/30/1973	Negative	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Brazil set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Costa Rica	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1975	Family Code	12/21/1973	08/05/1974	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Costa Rica allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.
Costa Rica	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1975	Family Code	12/21/1973	08/05/1974	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Costa Rica introduced divorce by mutual consent. The process is equal for women and men.
Costa Rica	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1975	Family Code	12/21/1973	08/05/1974	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Costa Rica no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1975	The Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act of 1973	07/25/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Dominica allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.
Georgia	Europe & Central Asia	Pension	1975	Labor Code of Georgia	07/30/1971	10/01/1973	Positive	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Georgia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1975	Matrimonial Causes Act	07/23/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Grenada recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1975	Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1973	07/23/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Grenada introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Workplace	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Indonesia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Assets	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Indonesia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Assets	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Indonesia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Entrepreneurship	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Entrepreneurship	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Entrepreneurship	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Mobility	1975	Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage	01/02/1974	01/02/1974	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Indonesia introduced the Marriage Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Israel	High income: OECD	Assets	1975	Spouses Property Relations Law, 1973	01/01/1974	01/01/1974	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Israel recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Korea, Rep.	High income: OECD	Pension	1975	National Pension Act of 31 December 1986	12/24/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	The Republic of Korea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Korea, Rep.	High income: OECD	Pension	1975	National Pension Act of 31 December 1986	12/24/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	The Republic of Korea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Assets	1975	Civil Code	02/04/1974	02/25/1974	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Luxembourg granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Entrepreneurship	1975	Civil Code	11/21/1973	12/01/1973	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Malta allowed women to open a bank account without their husband's consent.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Entrepreneurship	1975	Civil Code	11/21/1973	12/01/1973	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Malta allowed women to register a business without their husband's consent.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Entrepreneurship	1975	Civil Code	11/21/1973	12/01/1973	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Malta allowed women to sign a legally binding contract without their husband's consent.
Mauritania	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1975	Collective Labor Agreement	02/13/1974	02/13/1974	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Mauritania introduced paid paternity leave.
Philippines	East Asia & Pacific	Parenthood	1975	Labor Code	05/01/1974	05/01/1974	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	The Philippines prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Sweden	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1975	General Working Hours Act	11/16/1973	11/16/1973	Positive	Is there paid parental leave?	Sweden introduced paid parental leave.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1975	Social Security Code 2011	11/12/1973	11/12/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Togo introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1975	Social Security Code 2011	11/12/1973	11/12/1973	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Togo introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1975	Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector	04/27/1974	04/27/1974	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1975	Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector	04/27/1974	04/27/1974	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1975	Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector	04/27/1974	04/27/1974	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Mobility	1975	Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1973	07/25/1973	01/01/1974	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	The United Kingdom introduced the Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	Parenthood	1976	Act No. 83-11 of 2 July 1983 on social insurance	04/29/1975	05/16/1975	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Algeria began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1976	Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts	09/11/1974	09/20/1974	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Argentina set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1976	Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts	09/11/1974	09/27/1974	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Argentina prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1976	Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts	09/11/1974	09/27/1974	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Argentina introduced paid paternity leave.
Brazil	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1976	Law No. 6.136, of November 7, 1974	11/07/1974	01/09/1975	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Brazil began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Colombia	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1976	Law No. 84 Civil Code	12/30/1974	02/06/1975	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Colombia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Colombia	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1976	Law No. 84 Civil Code	12/30/1974	02/06/1975	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Colombia reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Eswatini	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1976	Swaziland National Provident Fund Order 1974. No. 23.	08/30/1974	02/01/1975	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Eswatini introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Eswatini	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1976	Swaziland National Provident Fund Order 1974. No. 23.	08/30/1974	02/01/1975	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Eswatini introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Finland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1976	Health Insurance Act 2004	07/01/1974	07/01/1974	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Finland increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Pay	1976	Anti-Discrimination (Pay) Act, 1974	07/01/1974	07/01/1974	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Ireland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Italy	High income: OECD	Marriage	1976	Law No. 151 of 1975	05/19/1975	05/23/1975	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Italy allowed women to be head of household.
Italy	High income: OECD	Assets	1976	Law No. 151 of 1975	05/19/1975	05/23/1975	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Italy recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Italy	High income: OECD	Mobility	1976	Law No. 151 of 1975	05/19/1975	05/23/1975	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Italy reformed its Family Law removing restriction for a married woman to choose where to live.
Italy	High income: OECD	Mobility	1976	Law No. 151 of 1975	05/19/1975	05/23/1975	Positive	Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?	Italy reformed its Family Law removing restriction for a married woman to leave the marital home without her husband's permission.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Pay	1976	Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women	07/10/1974	07/10/1974	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Luxembourg mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Madagascar	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1976	Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code	05/17/1975	05/17/1975	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Madagascar prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Mexico	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1976	Civil Code for the Federal District	12/31/1974	03/03/1975	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Mexico allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Netherlands	High income: OECD	Pay	1976	Council Directive of 10 February 1975 on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to the Application of the Principle of Equal Pay for Men and Women	03/20/1975	03/20/1975	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	The Netherlands mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Paraguay	Latin America & Caribbean	Pay	1976	Labor Code	12/27/1974	02/25/1975	Positive	Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?	Paraguay lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.
Poland	High income: OECD	Pension	1976	Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code	06/26/1974	06/26/1974	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Poland set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Poland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1976	Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code	06/26/1974	06/26/1974	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Poland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1976	Equal Credit Opportunity	10/28/1974	10/28/1974	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	Puerto Rico's Equal Credit Opportunity Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
Spain	High income: OECD	Pension	1976	Royal Legislative Decree 8/2015, of October 30, which approves the revised text of the General Law on Social Security.	07/20/1974	07/20/1974	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Spain explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Spain	High income: OECD	Workplace	1976	Law No. 14-1975 of May 2, on reform of certain articles of the Civil Code and the Code of Commerce on the legal affiliation of married women and the rights and duties of spouses	05/02/1975	05/25/1975	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Spain allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Spain	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1976	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	05/02/1975	05/02/1975	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Spain	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1976	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	05/02/1975	05/02/1975	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Spain	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1976	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	05/02/1975	05/02/1975	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Spain	High income: OECD	Marriage	1976	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	05/02/1975	05/02/1975	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Spain no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Pension	1976	The Social Security (Credits) Regulations 1975	04/04/1975	04/06/1975	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	The United Kingdom explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
United States	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1976	15 USC Chapter 41, Subchapter IV: Equal Credit Opportunity	10/28/1974	10/28/1974	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	United States' Equal Credit Opportunity Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1977	Antigua and Barbuda Labor Code (No. 14 of 1975) (Cap. 27)	09/19/1975	09/19/1975	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Antigua and Barbuda prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Pay	1977	Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts	03/13/1976	03/13/1976	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Argentina mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1977	Law No. 27440 on Promoting SMEs	05/13/1976	05/13/1976	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Argentina prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Australia	High income: OECD	Assets	1977	Family Law Act 1975	06/12/1975	01/06/1976	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Australia recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Austria	High income: OECD	Marriage	1977	General civil code for the entire German inheritance of the Austrian monarchy	07/01/1975	07/01/1975	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Austria no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Austria	High income: OECD	Marriage	1977	The Federal Law on Personal Consequences of Marriage	07/01/1975	07/01/1975	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Austria enacted a law that recognizes spouses equal rights and duties.
Austria	High income: OECD	Mobility	1977	General civil code for the entire German inheritance of the Austrian monarchy	07/01/1975	07/31/1975	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Austria reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Canada	High income: OECD	Assets	1977	Family Law Act	07/03/1975	07/03/1975	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Canada enacted the Family Law Reform Act, recognizing the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Central African Republic	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1977	Collective Trade Agreement of the Central African Republic	12/01/1975	12/01/1975	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	The Central African Republic introduced paid paternity leave.
Colombia	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1977	Law No. 84 Civil Code	01/19/1976	02/18/1976	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Colombia allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1977	Social Security (Benefit) Regulations	01/29/1976	01/29/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Dominica introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1977	Social Security (Benefit) Regulations	01/29/1976	01/29/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Dominica introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
France	High income: OECD	Mobility	1977	Civil Code	07/11/1975	01/01/1976	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	France reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Iceland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1977	Act on Working Terms and Pension Rights Insurance, No. 55/1980	12/31/1975	12/31/1975	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Iceland's government began administering maternity benefits.
Lao PDR	East Asia & Pacific	Mobility	1977	Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic	07/11/1975	07/11/1975	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Lao PDR introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1977	Social Security Code	07/03/1975	07/10/1975	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Luxembourg prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1977	Social Security Code	07/03/1975	07/10/1975	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Luxembourg increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Pakistan	South Asia	Pension	1977	Employees Old Age Benefits Act	04/05/1976	04/19/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Pakistan introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Pakistan	South Asia	Pension	1977	Employees Old Age Benefits Act	04/05/1976	04/19/1976	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Pakistan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1977	Legal Regim of National Passports	12/15/1975	12/15/1975	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe enacted new legislation which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.
Seychelles	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1977	Civil Code of Seychelles Act	01/01/1976	01/01/1976	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Seychelles introduced a Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Spain	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1977	Labor Relations Law of 1976	04/08/1976	04/22/1976	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Spain increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1977	Sex Discrimination Act 1975	11/12/1975	11/12/1975	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	The United Kingdom's Sex Discrimination Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Workplace	1977	Sex Discrimination Act 1975	11/12/1975	11/12/1975	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	The United Kingdom prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Australia	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1978	Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 No 48	04/28/1977	08/01/1984	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	Australia made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
Bahrain	Middle East & North Africa	Parenthood	1978	Amiri Decree-Law No. 23 of 1976	06/01/1976	08/15/1976	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Bahrain prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Bahrain	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1978	The Decree-Law promulgating the Law on Social Insurance	06/29/1976	08/15/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Bahrain introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Barbados	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1978	Employment of Women (Maternity Leave) Act, Chapter 345A	07/19/1976	07/19/1976	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Barbados prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Workplace	1978	Civil Code	07/04/1976	07/04/1976	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Belgium allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Assets	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Belgium granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Assets	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Belgium granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Belgium	High income: OECD	Mobility	1978	Civil Code	07/14/1976	07/14/1976	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Belgium introduced legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Germany	High income: OECD	Workplace	1978	First Marriage and Family Law Act of 1976	06/15/1976	07/01/1977	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Germany allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Iceland	High income: OECD	Pay	1978	Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men	12/31/1976	12/31/1976	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Iceland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Iceland	High income: OECD	Workplace	1978	Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men	12/31/1976	12/31/1976	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Iceland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1978	Unfair Dismissals Act of 1977	04/06/1977	04/06/1977	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Ireland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Kuwait	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1978	Social Security Law, No. 61 of 1976.	09/02/1976	09/02/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Kuwait introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1978	National Pensions Act	10/22/1976	12/01/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Mauritius introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1978	National Pensions Act	10/22/1976	12/01/1976	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Mauritius introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Mobility	1978	Domicile Act of 1976	08/31/1976	08/31/1976	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	New Zealand introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Assets	1978	Married Women's Property Act	12/14/1976	02/01/1977	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	New Zealand explicitly recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1978	Civil Code	06/02/1976	06/02/1976	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Puerto Rico made both spouses administrators of marital property, granting them equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1978	Civil Code	06/02/1976	06/02/1976	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Puerto Rico made both spouses administrators of marital property, granting them equal rights to immovable property.
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1978	Civil Code	06/02/1976	06/02/1976	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Puerto Rico no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1978	Civil Code	06/02/1976	06/02/1976	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Puerto Rico reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Brazil	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1979	Civil Code	12/26/1977	12/27/1977	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Brazil legalized divorce. The process is the same for women and men.
Canada	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1979	Canadian Human Rights Act	08/10/1977	03/01/1978	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	Canada introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
Canada	High income: OECD	Mobility	1979	Family Law Act	03/16/1978	03/31/1978	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Canada enacted the Family Reform Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme	04/26/1978	01/01/1978	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Chad introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme	04/26/1978	01/01/1978	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Chad introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme	04/26/1978	01/01/1978	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Chad introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Finland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women	03/01/1978	03/01/1978	Positive	Is there paid parental leave?	Finland introduced paid parental leave.
Finland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women	03/01/1978	03/01/1978	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Finland introduced paid paternity leave.
Gambia, The	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	Social Security Corporation Act, 2010	01/01/1978	01/01/1978	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	The Gambia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Gambia, The	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	Social Security Corporation Act, 2010	01/01/1978	01/01/1978	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	The Gambia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Government Regulation on Retirement Guarantee Program (No. 45/2015)	11/26/1977	11/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Indonesia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Government Regulation on Retirement Guarantee Program (No. 45/2015)	11/26/1977	11/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Indonesia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Workplace	1979	Employment Equality Act	06/01/1977	06/01/1977	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Ireland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Italy	High income: OECD	Pay	1979	Law No. 903 of 1977	12/09/1977	12/09/1977	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Italy mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Italy	High income: OECD	Workplace	1979	Legislative Decree no. 198 of 11 April 2006 "Code of equal opportunities for men and women, pursuant to article 6 of Law no. 246 of 28 November 2005"	12/09/1977	12/09/1977	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Italy prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Kiribati	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Provident Fund (Amendment) Act 2005 (No. 11 of 2005)	07/01/1977	07/01/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Kiribati introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Kiribati	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Provident Fund (Amendment) Act 2005 (No. 11 of 2005)	07/01/1977	07/01/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Kiribati introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Workplace	1979	Human Rights Act 1993	11/21/1977	11/21/1977	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	New Zealand prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Norway	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988	04/21/1978	05/05/1978	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Norway prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Norway	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988	04/21/1978	05/05/1978	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Norway increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Norway	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988	04/21/1978	05/05/1978	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Norway began administering maternity benefits.
Norway	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1979	Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988	04/21/1978	05/05/1978	Positive	Is there paid parental leave?	Norway introduced paid parental leave.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Assets	1979	Constitution of the Portuguese Republic	10/06/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Portugal granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Assets	1979	Constitution of the Portuguese Republic	10/06/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Portugal granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Workplace	1979	Decree-Law No. 496/77 of November 25 1977	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Portugal allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Marriage	1979	Portuguese Civil Code	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Portugal allowed women to be head of household.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1979	Portuguese Civil Code	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1979	Portuguese Civil Code	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Entrepreneurship	1979	Portuguese Civil Code	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Mobility	1979	Portuguese Civil Code	11/25/1977	04/01/1978	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Portugal reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Marriage	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe allowed women to be head of household.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	São Tomé and Príncipe granted spouses equal rights to immovable property during marriage.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	São Tomé and Príncipe granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1979	Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions	09/28/1977	09/28/1977	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	São Tomé and Príncipe introduced a Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	IPRES Internal Regulations	07/26/1977	07/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Senegal introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1979	IPRES Internal Regulations	07/26/1977	07/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Senegal introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Spain	High income: OECD	Mobility	1979	Royal Decree 896/2003, of July 11, which regulates the issuance of the ordinary passport and determines its characteristics.	09/23/1977	12/11/1977	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	Spain enacted new passport law which no longer requires a married woman her husband's consent when applying for a passport.
St. Kitts and Nevis	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1979	Social Security (Benefits) Regulations 1978	01/10/1978	01/10/1978	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	St. Kitts and Nevis began administering maternity benefits through its social insurance system.
St. Kitts and Nevis	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1979	Social Security (Benefits) Regulations 1978	01/10/1978	01/10/1978	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	St. Kitts and Nevis explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Timor-Leste	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Decree-Law No. 17/2017 Old Age Pension	11/26/1977	11/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Timor-Leste introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Timor-Leste	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1979	Decree-Law No. 17/2017 Old Age Pension	11/26/1977	11/26/1977	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Timor-Leste introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Austria	High income: OECD	Assets	1980	Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code	06/15/1978	06/15/1978	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Austria granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Austria	High income: OECD	Assets	1980	Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code	06/15/1978	06/15/1978	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Austria granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Austria	High income: OECD	Assets	1980	Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code	06/15/1978	06/15/1978	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Austria recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Austria	High income: OECD	Pay	1980	Federal Act on Equal Treatment	02/23/1979	03/15/1979	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Austria mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Austria	High income: OECD	Workplace	1980	Federal Equal Treatment Act	02/23/1979	03/15/1979	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Austria prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Austria	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1980	Maternity Protection Act 1979	05/31/1979	05/31/1979	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Austria prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Dominican Republic no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Dominican Republic reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1980	Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code	07/22/1978	07/22/1978	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	The Dominican Republic allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Jordan	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1980	Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments	07/30/1978	07/30/1978	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Jordan introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Jordan	Middle East & North Africa	Parenthood	1980	Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments	07/30/1978	07/30/1978	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Jordan began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Norway	High income: OECD	Pay	1980	Act (No. 45 of 1978) relating to Gender Equality (Gender Equality Act)	06/09/1978	06/09/1978	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Norway mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Norway	High income: OECD	Workplace	1980	Act on Gender Equality (the Gender Equality Act)	06/09/1978	06/09/1978	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Norway prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Papua New Guinea	East Asia & Pacific	Workplace	1980	Employment Act 1978	08/21/1978	01/01/1981	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Papua New Guinea prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
St. Lucia	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1980	National Insurance Act, 1978	12/31/1978	04/30/1979	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	St. Lucia introduced a social security system that provides maternity benefits.
United States	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1980	29 CFR 1604.10 - Employment policies relating to pregnancy and childbirth.	10/31/1978	10/31/1978	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	United States prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Barbados	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1981	Domicile Reform Act, Cap. 213	01/01/1980	01/01/1980	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Barbados introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Belize	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1981	Social Security Act	10/04/1979	10/04/1979	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Belize began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Jamaica	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1981	Maternity Leave Act	12/31/1979	12/31/1979	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Jamaica prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Netherlands	High income: OECD	Workplace	1981	Equal Treatment Act	03/01/1980	03/14/1980	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	The Netherlands prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Papua New Guinea	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1981	Superannuation Regulation 2002	01/01/1980	01/01/1980	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Papua New Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Papua New Guinea	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1981	Superannuation Regulation 2002	01/01/1980	01/01/1980	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Papua New Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Portugal	High income: OECD	Pay	1981	Labor Code	08/31/1979	09/20/1979	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Portugal mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1981	Law No. 2/79 Social Security Law	07/05/1979	09/01/1979	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	São Tomé and Príncipe introduced a social security system that administers maternity benefits.
São Tomé and Príncipe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1981	Law n°7-04 of the Social Protection Framework	07/31/1979	07/31/1979	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	São Tomé and Príncipe introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Spain	High income: OECD	Workplace	1981	Law No. 8 of 1980, Workers' Statute Law	03/10/1980	03/15/1980	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Spain prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Sweden	High income: OECD	Workplace	1981	Discrimination Act	12/17/1979	07/01/1980	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Sweden prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Sweden	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1981	Social Insurance Act	01/01/1980	01/01/1980	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Sweden introduced paid paternity leave.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Togo's Personal and Family Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?	Togo equalized inheritance rights for both sons and daughters.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?	Togo equalized inheritance rights for both male and female surviving spouses.
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1981	Personal and Family Code	01/31/1980	01/31/1980	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Togo's Personal and Family Code granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Australia	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1982	Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 No 48	04/22/1981	04/22/1981	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Australia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Czechia	High income: OECD	Pay	1982	Labor Code	12/31/1980	12/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?	The Czech Republic allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.
Eswatini	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1982	Employment Act, 1980.	09/26/1980	01/01/1981	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Eswatini prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Eswatini	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1982	Employment Act, 1980.	09/26/1980	09/26/1980	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Eswatini prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1982	Act No. 14 of 1999	10/10/1980	10/10/1980	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Grenada prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1982	Maternity Protection of Employees Act, 1981	04/06/1981	04/06/1981	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Ireland introduced paid maternity leave of at least 14 weeks.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Workplace	1982	OPM Circular No 103/80	12/31/1980	12/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Malta allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Parenthood	1982	Social Security Act	04/07/1981	04/10/1981	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Malta prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1982	Code Civil	10/31/1980	10/31/1980	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Mauritius granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1982	Code Civil	10/31/1980	10/31/1980	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Mauritius granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Marriage	1982	Code Civil	10/31/1980	10/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Mauritius allowed women to be head of household.
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1982	Code Civil	10/31/1980	10/31/1980	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Mauritius reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1982	Maternity Leave and Employment Protection Act 1980	01/13/1981	04/01/1981	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	New Zealand prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Pay	1982	Factories and Commercial Premises Act 1981	03/23/1981	03/23/1982	Positive	Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?	New Zealand lifted the ban on women's employment in manufacturing.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1982	Law No. 40 of 25 March 1981	05/24/1981	06/04/1981	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	San Marino prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1982	Social Security Code	08/25/1980	08/25/1980	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Senegal increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1982	Social Security Code	08/25/1980	08/25/1980	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Senegal began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1982	Decree No. C-11 (sb 1981, No. 23)	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Suriname allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Suriname no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Suriname allowed women to be head of household.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Suriname granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same ways as a man.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1982	Civil Code	03/11/1981	03/11/1981	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1982	Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981	03/20/1981	03/20/1981	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1982	Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981	03/20/1981	03/20/1981	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1982	Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981	03/20/1981	03/20/1981	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
United States	High income: OECD	Assets	1982	New York Domestic Relations Law 236B: Equitable Distribution, Maintenance, Child Support	07/19/1980	07/19/1980	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	United States recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
United States	High income: OECD	Workplace	1982	Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29 Labor Subtitle B Regulations Relating to Labor, Chapter XIV - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission part 1604, Guidelines on Discrimination because of Sex § 1604.11 Sexual harassment.	11/10/1980	#N/A	Positive	Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?	United States enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.
United States	High income: OECD	Workplace	1982	Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29 Labor Subtitle B Regulations Relating to Labor, Chapter XIV - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission part 1604, Guidelines on Discrimination because of Sex § 1604.11 Sexual harassment.	11/10/1980	#N/A	Positive	Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?	United States enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.
Uruguay	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1982	Law No. 19.161 - Maternity and Paternity Benefits for Private Sector Workers	11/28/1980	12/09/1980	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Uruguay began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Angola	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1983	General Labour Law - Law 6/81 of 24 August	08/24/1981	11/11/1984	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Angola prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Australia	High income: OECD	Mobility	1983	Domicile Act 1982	03/04/1982	07/01/1982	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Australia reformed its Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Barbados	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1983	Family Law (Amendment) Act	02/01/1982	02/01/1982	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Barbados' new Family Law Act explicitly recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Belize	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1983	Social Security Act	12/15/1980	06/01/1981	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Belize introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Belize	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1983	Social Security Act	12/15/1980	06/01/1981	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Belize introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Belize	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1983	Social Security Act	12/15/1980	06/01/1981	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Belize explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Marriage	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde allowed women to be head of household.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1983	Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1983	Civil Code	06/20/1981	06/20/1981	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Cabo Verde granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & Pacific	Mobility	1983	British Nationality Act 1981	10/30/1981	01/01/1983	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	Hong Kong SAR, China, during its time of being a British colony, followed the United Kingdom's introduction of new legal amendments which no longer establish differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Marriage	1983	Domestic Violence Act	06/23/1981	07/23/1981	Positive	Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?	Ireland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.
Luxembourg	High income: OECD	Workplace	1983	Act of 8 December 1981 Concerning Equal Treatment for Men and Women as Regards Access to Employment, Vocational Training and Promotion, and Working Conditions	11/24/1981	12/08/1981	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Luxembourg prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Nicaragua	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1983	Executive Decree No. 7 of 1956 General Regulation of the Social Security Law	02/11/1982	03/01/1982	Negative	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Nicaragua no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Singapore	East Asia & Pacific	Mobility	1983	Women’s Charter	06/01/1981	06/01/1981	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Singapore allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.
Spain	High income: OECD	Assets	1983	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	07/07/1981	07/20/1981	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Spain granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Spain	High income: OECD	Assets	1983	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	07/07/1981	07/20/1981	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Spain granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Spain	High income: OECD	Marriage	1983	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	07/07/1981	07/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Spain legalized divorce, equally granting the right to both spouses.
Spain	High income: OECD	Marriage	1983	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	07/07/1981	07/20/1981	Positive	Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?	Spain legalized divorce and prohibited waiting period before remarriage for either spouse.
Spain	High income: OECD	Mobility	1983	Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.	07/07/1981	07/20/1981	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Spain reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1983	Family Law (Guardianship of Minors, Domicile and Maintenance) Act	06/29/1981	03/01/1983	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Trinidad and Tobago introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1983	Succession Act	07/30/1981	07/30/1981	Positive	Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?	Trinidad and Tobago equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.
United Kingdom	High income: OECD	Mobility	1983	British Nationality Act 1981	10/30/1981	01/01/1983	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	The United Kingdom introduced new legal amendments which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.
Vanuatu	East Asia & Pacific	Entrepreneurship	1983	Penal Code	08/07/1981	08/07/1981	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?	Vanuatu's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.
Australia	High income: OECD	Mobility	1984	Australian Passports Act 2005	01/13/1983	01/13/1983	Positive	Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?	Australia introduced new legal amendments which no longer requires a married woman her husband's permission when applying for a passport.
Bahamas, The	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1984	Matrimonial Causes Act, Ch. 125	01/01/1983	01/01/1983	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	The Bahamas amended the Matrimonial Causes Act to recognize the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Cabo Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1984	Decree-Law No. 50/2009 Amending Decree-Law 05/2004	12/24/1982	12/24/1982	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Cabo Verde introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Canada	High income: OECD	Pension	1984	Canada Pension Plan	01/01/1983	01/01/1983	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Canada explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
France	High income: OECD	Workplace	1984	Law No. 82-689 of August 4, 1982 relating to the freedoms of workers in the company	08/04/1982	08/04/1982	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	France prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Greece	High income: OECD	Marriage	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?	Greece abolished a 10-month waiting period for women before remarriage, giving them the same rights to remarry as men.
Greece	High income: OECD	Marriage	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Greece allowed women to be head of household.
Greece	High income: OECD	Mobility	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Greece allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.
Greece	High income: OECD	Assets	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Greece recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Greece	High income: OECD	Assets	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Greece eliminated the husband's supremacy in conjugal and family relations, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Greece	High income: OECD	Assets	1984	Civil Code	02/18/1983	02/18/1983	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Greece eliminated the husband's supremacy in conjugal and family relations, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1984	Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women	10/08/1982	10/08/1982	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Haiti allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1984	Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women	10/08/1982	10/08/1982	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1984	Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women	10/08/1982	10/08/1982	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Entrepreneurship	1984	Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women	10/08/1982	10/08/1982	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1984	Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women	10/08/1982	10/08/1982	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Haiti no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Pay	1984	Social Welfare Consolidation Act	09/17/1982	09/17/1982	Positive	Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?	Ireland removed restrictions on women's employment in manufacturing.
Poland	High income: OECD	Pension	1984	Act of 14 December 1982 on Pension Supply to Employees and Their Families	12/14/1982	12/14/1982	Negative	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Poland set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1984	National Interprofessional Collective Agreement	10/16/1982	10/16/1982	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Senegal introduced paid paternity leave.
Venezuela, RB	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1984	Civil Code	07/06/1982	07/26/1982	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	Venezuela, RB allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
Venezuela, RB	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1984	Civil Code	07/06/1982	07/26/1982	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Venezuela, RB enacted a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Venezuela, RB	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1984	Civil Code	07/06/1982	07/26/1982	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Venezuela, RB granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Venezuela, RB	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1984	Civil Code	07/06/1982	07/26/1982	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Venezuela, RB granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during the marriage.
Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1984	Employment Code Act	08/20/1982	08/20/1982	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Zambia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1984	General Law Amendment Act	12/10/1982	12/10/1982	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Zimbabwe allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1984	General Law Amendment Act	12/10/1982	12/10/1982	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Zimbabwe allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1984	General Law Amendment Act	12/10/1982	12/10/1982	Positive	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Zimbabwe allowed women to register a business in the same way as men.
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1984	General Law Amendment Act	12/10/1982	12/10/1982	Positive	Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?	Zimbabwe allowed women to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as men.
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1984	General Law Amendment Act	12/10/1982	12/10/1982	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Zimbabwe enacted an Act that allowed all persons including married women to open a bank account in the same way.
Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1985	Law No. 83-12 of 2 July 1983 relating to retirement	07/02/1983	01/01/1984	Negative	Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?	Algeria introduced an old-age pension system that set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.
Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	Parenthood	1985	Act No. 83-11 of 2 July 1983 on social insurance	07/02/1983	07/02/1983	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Algeria increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1985	Law No. 83-12 of 2 July 1983 relating to retirement	07/02/1983	01/01/1984	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Algeria introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Australia	High income: OECD	Workplace	1985	Sex Discrimination Act 1984	03/21/1984	03/21/1984	Positive	Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?	Australia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.
Australia	High income: OECD	Workplace	1985	Sex Discrimination Act 1984	03/21/1984	03/21/1984	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Australia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Austria	High income: OECD	Marriage	1985	Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.	11/11/1983	11/11/1983	Positive	Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?	Austria gave women the same rights to remarry as men.
Brunei Darussalam	East Asia & Pacific	Pension	1985	Old Age and Disability Pensions Cap 18	01/01/1984	01/01/1984	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Brunei Darussalam explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Comoros	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1985	Act No. 84-10 of 15 May 1984 Act on civil status	02/18/1984	05/15/1984	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Comoros prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Comoros	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1985	Act No. 84-10 of 15 May 1984 Act on civil status	02/18/1984	05/15/1984	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Comoros increased the duration of paid maternity leave to 14 weeks.
Comoros	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1985	Act No. 84-108 on the Labor Code	02/18/1984	02/18/1984	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Comoros prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Côte d'Ivoire	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1985	Law No. 83-1983 amended Marriage Law of 1964	08/02/1983	08/02/1983	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Côte d'Ivoire amended its Marriage Law allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.
Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1985	Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme	03/10/1984	03/10/1984	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Equatorial Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1985	Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme	03/10/1984	03/10/1984	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Equatorial Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1985	Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme	03/10/1984	03/10/1984	Positive	Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?	Equatorial Guinea began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.
Gabon	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1985	Collective Agreement of the Trade Sector in Gabon	06/08/1983	06/08/1983	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Gabon introduced paid paternity leave.
Greece	High income: OECD	Workplace	1985	Law No. 1414/1984 - Application of the principle of gender equality in labor relations and other provisions	01/30/1984	01/30/1984	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Greece prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Greece	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1985	Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family responsibilities. Modifications and improvements to labor laws	02/14/1984	02/14/1984	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Greece increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1985	National Insurance Act	12/31/1983	12/31/1983	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1985	National Insurance Act	12/31/1983	12/31/1983	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1985	National Insurance Act	12/31/1983	12/31/1983	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Pay	1985	Decree of 24 February 1984 updating the Labor Code of 12 September 1961	02/24/1984	02/24/1984	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Haiti mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1985	Decree of 24 February 1984 updating the Labor Code of 12 September 1961	02/24/1984	02/24/1984	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Haiti prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Libya	Middle East & North Africa	Marriage	1985	Law No. (10) of 1984 regarding provisions for marriage and divorce and their effects	04/19/1984	04/19/1984	Positive	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Libya no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.
Mexico	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1985	Civil Code for the Federal District	12/27/1983	12/27/1983	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Mexico amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pay	1985	Basic Conditions of Employment Act	12/31/1983	12/31/1983	Positive	Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?	South Africa lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Pay	1985	Decree núm. E-41, September 12, 1983	09/12/1983	09/12/1983	Positive	Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?	Suriname lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.
Tanzania	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1985	Civil Appeal: Bi Hawa Mohamed v. Ally Sefu	11/29/1983	11/29/1983	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Tanzania recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Bahamas, The	Latin America & Caribbean	Pension	1986	National Insurance (Benefits and Assistance) Regulations	06/06/1984	10/01/1984	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	The Bahamas explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Canada	High income: OECD	Workplace	1986	Canadian Human Rights Act	#N/A	#N/A	Positive	Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?	Canada enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.
Congo, Rep.	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1986	Law NO. 073/84 OF 17/10/1984 ON THE FAMILY CODE	10/17/1984	10/17/1984	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Congo, Rep. allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Congo, Rep.	Sub-Saharan Africa	Entrepreneurship	1986	Law NO. 073/84 OF 17/10/1984 ON THE FAMILY CODE	10/17/1984	10/17/1984	Positive	Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?	Congo, Rep. introduced a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.
Denmark	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1986	Act No. 63 (February 1984) on the Maternity Leave Act	07/01/1984	07/01/1984	Positive	Is there paid parental leave?	Denmark introduced paid parental leave.
Denmark	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1986	Act No. 63 (February 1984) on the Maternity Leave Act	07/01/1984	07/01/1984	Positive	Is there paid leave available to fathers?	Denmark introduced paid paternity leave.
Greece	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1986	Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family obligations	10/08/1984	10/08/1984	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Greece prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Greece	High income: OECD	Pension	1986	Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family obligations	10/08/1984	10/08/1984	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Greece explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Malaysia	East Asia & Pacific	Assets	1986	Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) Act 1984	06/27/1984	06/27/1984	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Malaysia recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Pakistan	South Asia	Entrepreneurship	1986	Companies Act of 2017	10/08/1984	10/08/1984	Negative	Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?	Pakistan introduced a new companies law that prescribes additional procedures for women when registering a business compared to men.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Marriage	1986	Civil Code	07/24/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Peru allowed women to be head of household.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1986	Civil Code	07/24/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Peru introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1986	Civil Code	07/24/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Peru recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1986	Civil Code	07/24/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Peru's new Civil Code granted equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Assets	1986	Civil Code	07/24/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Peru's new Civil Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Workplace	1986	Civil Code	07/25/1984	11/14/1984	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Peru allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1986	Matrimonial Property Act	07/03/1984	11/01/1984	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	South Africa granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1986	Matrimonial Property Act	07/03/1984	11/01/1984	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	South Africa recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Switzerland	High income: OECD	Workplace	1986	Swiss Civil Code	10/05/1984	01/01/1988	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	Switzerland allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
Switzerland	High income: OECD	Marriage	1986	Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)	10/05/1984	01/01/1988	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	Switzerland allowed women to be head of household.
Switzerland	High income: OECD	Mobility	1986	Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)	10/05/1984	01/01/1988	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Switzerland amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Switzerland	High income: OECD	Assets	1986	Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)	10/05/1984	01/01/1988	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Switzerland granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Switzerland	High income: OECD	Assets	1986	Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)	10/05/1984	01/01/1988	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	Switzerland granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Taiwan, China	East Asia & Pacific	Pay	1986	Labor Standards Act	07/30/1984	08/01/1984	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Taiwan, China mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Bulgaria	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1987	Labor Code	03/24/1986	01/01/1987	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Bulgaria prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Canada	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1987	Canada Labor Code	06/07/1985	06/07/1985	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Canada prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Congo, Rep.	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1987	Act No. 004-86 of 25 February 1986 on the Social Security Code	02/25/1986	02/25/1986	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Congo, Rep. explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Costa Rica	Latin America & Caribbean	Parenthood	1987	Law No. 2/1943 Labor Code	04/23/1986	04/23/1986	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Costa Rica increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Egypt, Arab Rep.	Middle East & North Africa	Marriage	1987	Egypt's Personal Status Law No. 100 of 1985	07/03/1985	05/16/1985	Negative	Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?	Egypt, Arab Rep. introduced a new personal status law that obliges a married woman to obey her husband.
France	High income: OECD	Assets	1987	Civil Code	12/23/1985	07/01/1986	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	France granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
France	High income: OECD	Assets	1987	Civil Code	12/23/1985	07/01/1986	Positive	Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?	France granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.
Germany	High income: OECD	Pension	1987	Law on Restructuring of Survivor's Pensions and Recognition of Child-raising Periods in Statutory Pension Insurance of 1985	07/11/1985	07/19/1985	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Germany explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Germany	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1987	Act on Parental Benefit and Parental Leave (Bundeselterngeld- und Elternzeitgesetz - BEEG)	01/01/1986	01/01/1986	Positive	Is there paid parental leave?	Germany introduced paid parental leave.
Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1987	Intestate Succession Law	06/14/1985	06/14/1985	Positive	Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?	Ghana's Intestate Succession Act made inheritance equal under law for male and female surviving spouses.
Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Assets	1987	Intestate Succession Law	06/14/1985	06/14/1985	Positive	Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?	Ghana's Intestate Succession Act made inheritance equal under law for sons and daughters.
Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	Workplace	1987	Law No. 2/1986 General Labor Law	04/05/1986	05/01/1986	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Guinea-Bissau prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Iceland	High income: OECD	Pension	1987	Act on Working Terms and Pension Rights Insurance, No. 55/1980	12/18/1985	12/18/1985	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	Iceland explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Japan	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1987	Child Care and Family Care Leave Act	06/01/1985	04/01/1986	Positive	Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?	Japan increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.
Lao PDR	East Asia & Pacific	Assets	1987	Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic	12/23/1985	12/23/1985	Positive	Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?	Lao PDR granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.
Netherlands	High income: OECD	Pay	1987	An Act to Amend the Labour Act 1919 by Making Provisions in Connection with the Cancellation of the Ban on Night Work by Women in Factories or Workplaces	05/05/1986	05/05/1986	Positive	Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?	The Netherlands eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work in factories and other industrial workplaces.
Paraguay	Latin America & Caribbean	Mobility	1987	Law No. 1/92 on the Partial Reform of the Civil Code	12/18/1985	12/23/1985	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Paraguay introduced a Civil Code allowing a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Workplace	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	07/01/1986	Positive	Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?	San Marino allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Marriage	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	04/26/1986	Positive	Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?	San Marino allowed women to be head of household.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Marriage	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	04/26/1986	Positive	Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?	San Marino legalized divorce, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Assets	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	04/26/1986	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	San Marino recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Mobility	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	04/26/1986	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	San Marino allowed a married woman to choose where to live without her husband's permission.
San Marino	Europe & Central Asia	Mobility	1987	Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law	04/26/1986	04/26/1986	Positive	Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?	San Marino removed restrictions and allowed a married woman to leave the marital home without her husband's permission.
Taiwan, China	East Asia & Pacific	Assets	1987	Civil Code	06/03/1985	06/03/1985	Positive	Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?	Taiwan, China recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.
Canada	High income: OECD	Pay	1988	Ontario Pay Equity Act Cap P7, 1990	01/01/1987	01/01/1988	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Canada mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Finland	High income: OECD	Pay	1988	Act on Equality between Men and Women	08/08/1986	01/01/1987	Positive	Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Finland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.
Finland	High income: OECD	Workplace	1988	Act on Equality between Men and Women	08/08/1986	06/01/1988	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Finland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
France	High income: OECD	Pension	1988	Social Security Code	12/30/1986	12/31/1986	Positive	Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?	France explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.
Gambia, The	Sub-Saharan Africa	Mobility	1988	Matrimonial Causes Act of 1986	09/08/1986	09/08/1986	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	The Gambia introduced the Matrimonial Causes Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1988	Decree-Law No. 5 of 1986	03/29/1987	03/29/1987	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Guinea-Bissau introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	Pension	1988	Decree-Law No. 5 of 1986	03/29/1987	03/29/1987	Positive	Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?	Guinea-Bissau introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.
Hong Kong SAR, China	East Asia & Pacific	Marriage	1988	Domestic and Cohabitation Relationships Violence Ordinance	12/19/1986	#N/A	Positive	Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?	Hong Kong SAR, China enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.
Iceland	High income: OECD	Parenthood	1988	Act on maternity and parental leave	03/31/1987	03/31/1987	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Iceland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
Iraq	Middle East & North Africa	Workplace	1988	Act No. 71 of 1987 promulgating the Labour Code	05/27/1987	05/27/1987	Positive	Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?	Iraq prohibited gender discrimination in employment.
Ireland	High income: OECD	Mobility	1988	Domicile and Recognition of Foreign Divorces Act	07/02/1986	10/02/1986	Positive	Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?	Ireland introduced the Domicile and Recognition of Foreign Divorces Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.
Malta	Middle East & North Africa	Pension	1988	Social Security Act	01/11/1987	01/11/1987	Negative	Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?	Malta set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.
Mozambique	Sub-Saharan Africa	Parenthood	1988	Law No. 23/2007	12/14/1985	06/14/1986	Positive	Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?	Mozambique prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Workplace	1988	Labour Relations Act 1987	05/27/1987	08/01/1987	Positive	Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?	New Zealand enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.
New Zealand	High income: OECD	Workplace	1988	Labour Relations Act 1987	05/27/1987	08/01/1987	Positive	Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?	New Zealand enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Economy

Region

Indicator

Report Year

Name of the Law

Date of Enactment

Date of Entry into Force

Type of Reform

Data Point

Reform Description

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Armenia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Armenia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

07/15/1970

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Azerbaijan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Azerbaijan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Belarus set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Belarus prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1972

Succession (Rights of the Surviving Spouse and Inheritance Family Provisions) Act

12/14/1970

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Botswana equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1972

Civil Code

11/20/1970

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1972

Civil Code

11/20/1970

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1972

Civil Code

11/20/1970

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Ecuador amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1972

Civil Code

11/20/1970

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Ecuador removed provisions designating the husband as administrator of property, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1972

Civil Code

11/20/1970

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Ecuador removed provisions designating the husband as administrator of property, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1972

Civil Code of 1970

11/20/1970

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Ecuador allowed women to legally get a job the same as a man without the husband's permission.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pension

1972

The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Estonia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1972

The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Estonia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

France

High income: OECD

Marriage

1972

Civil Code

06/04/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

France allowed women to be head of household.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of Georgia

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Georgia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Georgia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Italy

High income: OECD

Marriage

1972

Law No. 898 of 1970

12/01/1970

12/03/1970

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Italy adopted its first law on divorce, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

07/01/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kazakhstan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Kazakhstan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Decree Dated March 26, 1956 on Increasing the Duration of Holidays for Pregnancy and Childhood

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kyrgyz Republic set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Kyrgyz Republic prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1972

Law No. 70-459 of 1970 amended Civil Code

06/04/1970

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR allowed women to be head of household.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1972

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Latvia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Moldova set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Moldova prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

The Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of July 15, 1970 on the Approval of the Fundamentals of Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics

07/01/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Russian Federation set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1972

Law No. 70-459 of 1970 amended Civil Code

06/04/1970

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Seychelles allowed women to be head of household.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1972

National Provident Fund Act

03/29/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Seychelles introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1972

National Provident Fund Act

03/29/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

The Seychelles introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1972

National Insurance Corporation Act and National Insurance Regulation

10/31/1970

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

St. Lucia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1972

National Insurance Corporation Act and National Insurance Regulation

10/31/1970

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

St. Lucia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Tajikistan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1972

Labor Code of Ukraine

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Ukraine set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of Ukraine

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Ukraine prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1972

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

07/15/1970

01/01/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Uzbekistan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1973

Labor Code of the Azerbaijan Republic

12/10/1971

06/01/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Azerbaijan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

National Insurance Act

12/12/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Bahamas introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

National Insurance Act

12/12/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

The Bahamas introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Marriage

1973

Civil Code

05/15/1972

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Belgium abolished a waiting period for remarriage, giving women the same rights to remarry as men.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1973

Ministerial Order No. 110/172 - Duration of Vacation Leave with Pay and Circumstantial Leave

11/18/1971

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Burundi introduced paid paternity leave.

Canada

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1973

Employment Insurance Act

06/23/1971

06/27/1971

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Canada increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Canada

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1973

Employment Insurance Act

06/23/1971

06/27/1971

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Canada began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1973

Labor Code of Georgia

07/30/1971

10/01/1973

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Georgia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1973

Matrimonial Causes Act

09/07/1971

06/14/1985

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Ghana introduced the Matrimonial Causes Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

Regulation of Social Security Law

12/17/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Honduras introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Italy

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1973

Legislative Decree no. 151 of 26 March 2001

01/18/1972

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Italy increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1973

Law of Domicile Act of 1972

06/04/1971

06/05/1971

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Kenya introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pension

1973

Labor Law

12/09/1971

04/01/1972

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Latvia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1973

Labor Law

12/09/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Latvia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pension

1973

Law on State Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania

12/09/1971

04/01/1972

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Lithuania set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1973

Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania

12/09/1971

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Lithuania prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Workplace

1973

Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania

01/01/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Lithuania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1973

Administration of Estates Law of Lagos

01/01/1972

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Nigeria equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1973

Administration of Estates Law of Lagos

01/01/1972

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Nigeria equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1973

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

12/09/1971

04/01/1972

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Russian Federation prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1973

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

12/09/1971

04/01/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Russian Federation prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1973

National Provident Fund Act

03/23/1972

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Samoa introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1973

National Provident Fund Act

03/23/1972

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Samoa introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

National Insurance Act

11/01/1971

11/15/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

National Insurance Act

11/01/1971

11/15/1971

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1973

National Insurance Act

11/01/1971

11/15/1971

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Trinidad and Tobago introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1973

Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act

02/21/1972

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Trinidad and Tobago recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions, including those made by "looking after the home or caring for the family."

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1974

The Social Security Act Cap. 408

07/11/1972

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Antigua and Barbuda introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1974

The Social Security Act Cap. 408

07/11/1972

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Antigua and Barbuda introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1974

Labor Code

06/16/1972

10/01/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Armenia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1974

Labor Code of the Azerbaijan Republic

12/10/1971

06/01/1972

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Azerbaijan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Bangladesh

South Asia

Mobility

1974

Bangladesh Passport Order of 1973

02/08/1973

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Bangladesh introduced new legislation which no longer requires a married woman her husband's information when applying for a passport.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1974

Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus dated 06/23/1972

06/23/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Belarus prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1974

Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.

01/12/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Benin introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1974

Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.

01/12/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Benin introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1974

Order No. 73-3 of January 17, 1973 establishing and organizing the Beninese Social Security Office.

01/12/1973

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Benin introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way a man.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Bolivia enacted a new Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Bolivia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Bolivia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1974

Family Code of 1972

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Negative

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Bolivia introduced a legal provision that allows a husband to object to his wife's work.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1974

Law No. 603 Family Code

08/23/1972

04/02/1973

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Bolivia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Chile

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1974

Law No. 17928 of 1973 amended the Labor Code

04/12/1973

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Chile increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1974

Social Insurance Law 2010 (59(I)/2010)

12/29/1972

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Cyprus explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1974

The Matrimonial Causes Act of 1973

05/23/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Dominica allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1974

The Matrimonial Causes Act of 1973

05/23/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Dominica recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

France

High income: OECD

Pay

1974

Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women

12/22/1972

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

France mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1974

Matrimonial Causes Act

05/23/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Grenada allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1974

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance

01/01/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1974

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance

01/01/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1974

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance

01/01/1973

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Hong Kong SAR, China introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Japan

High income: OECD

Workplace

1974

Act No. 113 of July, 1972 - Act on Securing, Etc. of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment

07/01/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Japan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1974

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

07/21/1972

01/01/1973

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kazakhstan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1974

Law of Succession Act

11/13/1972

07/01/1981

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Kenya equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Liberia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Liberia allowed women to be head of household.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Liberia enacted a new Domestic Relations Law allowing a woman to sign a legally biding contract without her husband's consent.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Liberia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1974

Domestic Relations Law - Title 9 - Liberian Code of Laws Revised of 1973

04/10/1973

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Liberia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pension

1974

Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania

06/01/1972

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Lithuania no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Workplace

1974

Civil Code

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Assets

1974

Civil Code

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Luxembourg granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1974

Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1974

Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1974

Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Marriage

1974

Civil Code

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Luxembourg no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Mobility

1974

Civil Code

12/12/1972

12/25/1972

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1974

Interprofessional collective agreement of 15 December 1972 Notice relating to the extension of the interprofessional collective agreement

12/15/1972

05/10/1973

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Niger introduced paid paternity leave.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1974

Decree Law No. 19990 the National System of Social Security Pensions

04/24/1973

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Peru set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1974

Decree Law No. 19990 the National System of Social Security Pensions

04/24/1973

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Peru explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1974

Presidential Decree No. 24, s. 1972

10/19/1972

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

The Philippines's social security system began administering maternity benefits.

Poland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1974

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

07/06/1972

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Poland increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1974

Law Number: 10 of 25/11/72 Labor Code

11/25/1972

02/25/1973

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Romania set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1974

Law Number: 10 of 25/11/72 Labor Code

11/25/1972

03/01/1973

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Romania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1974

Family Code

06/12/1972

01/01/1973

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Senegal allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Solomon Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1974

Retirement and Re-employment Act

01/01/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Solomon Islands introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Solomon Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1974

Retirement and Re-employment Act

01/01/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Solomon Islands introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1974

Labor Code

10/18/1972

10/21/1972

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Somalia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1974

Labor Code

10/18/1972

10/21/1972

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Somalia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1974

Labor Code

10/18/1972

10/21/1972

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Somalia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1974

Labor Code

10/18/1972

10/21/1972

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Somalia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Somalia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1974

Labor Code

10/18/1972

10/21/1972

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Somalia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

St. Kitts and Nevis

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1974

The Divorce Act

05/23/1973

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

St. Kitts and Nevis allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1974

Matrimonial Causes Act

05/23/1973

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

St. Vincent and the Grenadines allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Assets

1974

Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

05/23/1973

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

The United Kingdom recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Marriage

1974

Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

05/23/1973

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

The United Kingdom reformed the Matrimonial Causes Act, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Vanuatu

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1974

Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

05/23/1973

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Vanuatu allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Austria

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1975

Maternity Leave Act of 1973

04/01/1974

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Austria increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1975

Order No. 74-38 of May 9, 1974, amending Order No. 33 PR/MFPT of September 28, 1967, establishing the Labor Code

05/09/1974

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Benin prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1975

Law No. 5.890, of June 8, 1973

06/30/1973

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Brazil set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1975

Family Code

12/21/1973

08/05/1974

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Costa Rica allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1975

Family Code

12/21/1973

08/05/1974

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Costa Rica introduced divorce by mutual consent. The process is equal for women and men.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1975

Family Code

12/21/1973

08/05/1974

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Costa Rica no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1975

The Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act of 1973

07/25/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Dominica allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1975

Labor Code of Georgia

07/30/1971

10/01/1973

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Georgia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1975

Matrimonial Causes Act

07/23/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Grenada recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1975

Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1973

07/23/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Grenada introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Indonesia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Indonesia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Indonesia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Indonesia introduced a new Marriage Law allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

1975

Law No. 1/1974 on Marriage

01/02/1974

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Indonesia introduced the Marriage Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Israel

High income: OECD

Assets

1975

Spouses Property Relations Law, 1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Israel recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Pension

1975

National Pension Act of 31 December 1986

12/24/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Republic of Korea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Pension

1975

National Pension Act of 31 December 1986

12/24/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

The Republic of Korea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Assets

1975

Civil Code

02/04/1974

02/25/1974

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Luxembourg granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

1975

Civil Code

11/21/1973

12/01/1973

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Malta allowed women to open a bank account without their husband's consent.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

1975

Civil Code

11/21/1973

12/01/1973

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Malta allowed women to register a business without their husband's consent.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

1975

Civil Code

11/21/1973

12/01/1973

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Malta allowed women to sign a legally binding contract without their husband's consent.

Mauritania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1975

Collective Labor Agreement

02/13/1974

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mauritania introduced paid paternity leave.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1975

Labor Code

05/01/1974

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Philippines prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1975

General Working Hours Act

11/16/1973

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Sweden introduced paid parental leave.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1975

Social Security Code 2011

11/12/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Togo introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1975

Social Security Code 2011

11/12/1973

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Togo introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1975

Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector

04/27/1974

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1975

Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector

04/27/1974

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1975

Decree No. 74-499 on the Old-Age, Invalidity and Survivors' Pension Scheme in the Non-Agricultural Sector

04/27/1974

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Tunisia introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Mobility

1975

Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1973

07/25/1973

01/01/1974

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The United Kingdom introduced the Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1976

Act No. 83-11 of 2 July 1983 on social insurance

04/29/1975

05/16/1975

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Algeria began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1976

Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts

09/11/1974

09/20/1974

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Argentina set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1976

Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts

09/11/1974

09/27/1974

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Argentina prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1976

Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts

09/11/1974

09/27/1974

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Argentina introduced paid paternity leave.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1976

Law No. 6.136, of November 7, 1974

11/07/1974

01/09/1975

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Brazil began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1976

Law No. 84 Civil Code

12/30/1974

02/06/1975

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Colombia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1976

Law No. 84 Civil Code

12/30/1974

02/06/1975

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Colombia reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1976

Swaziland National Provident Fund Order 1974. No. 23.

08/30/1974

02/01/1975

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Eswatini introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1976

Swaziland National Provident Fund Order 1974. No. 23.

08/30/1974

02/01/1975

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Eswatini introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Finland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1976

Health Insurance Act 2004

07/01/1974

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Finland increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Pay

1976

Anti-Discrimination (Pay) Act, 1974

07/01/1974

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Ireland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Italy

High income: OECD

Marriage

1976

Law No. 151 of 1975

05/19/1975

05/23/1975

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Italy allowed women to be head of household.

Italy

High income: OECD

Assets

1976

Law No. 151 of 1975

05/19/1975

05/23/1975

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Italy recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Italy

High income: OECD

Mobility

1976

Law No. 151 of 1975

05/19/1975

05/23/1975

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Italy reformed its Family Law removing restriction for a married woman to choose where to live.

Italy

High income: OECD

Mobility

1976

Law No. 151 of 1975

05/19/1975

05/23/1975

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

Italy reformed its Family Law removing restriction for a married woman to leave the marital home without her husband's permission.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Pay

1976

Grand-ducal Regulation of 10 July 1974 on Equal Pay for Men and Women

07/10/1974

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Luxembourg mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1976

Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code

05/17/1975

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Madagascar prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1976

Civil Code for the Federal District

12/31/1974

03/03/1975

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Mexico allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Pay

1976

Council Directive of 10 February 1975 on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to the Application of the Principle of Equal Pay for Men and Women

03/20/1975

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

The Netherlands mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1976

Labor Code

12/27/1974

02/25/1975

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Paraguay lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pension

1976

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

06/26/1974

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Poland set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Poland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1976

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

06/26/1974

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Poland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1976

Equal Credit Opportunity

10/28/1974

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Puerto Rico's Equal Credit Opportunity Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Spain

High income: OECD

Pension

1976

Royal Legislative Decree 8/2015, of October 30, which approves the revised text of the General Law on Social Security.

07/20/1974

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Spain explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Spain

High income: OECD

Workplace

1976

Law No. 14-1975 of May 2, on reform of certain articles of the Civil Code and the Code of Commerce on the legal affiliation of married women and the rights and duties of spouses

05/02/1975

05/25/1975

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Spain allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Spain

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1976

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

05/02/1975

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Spain

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1976

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

05/02/1975

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Spain

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1976

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

05/02/1975

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Spain amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Spain

High income: OECD

Marriage

1976

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

05/02/1975

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Spain no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Pension

1976

The Social Security (Credits) Regulations 1975

04/04/1975

04/06/1975

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The United Kingdom explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

United States

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1976

15 USC Chapter 41, Subchapter IV: Equal Credit Opportunity

10/28/1974

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

United States' Equal Credit Opportunity Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1977

Antigua and Barbuda Labor Code (No. 14 of 1975) (Cap. 27)

09/19/1975

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Antigua and Barbuda prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1977

Law No. 20.744 - Law on Employment Contracts

03/13/1976

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Argentina mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1977

Law No. 27440 on Promoting SMEs

05/13/1976

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Argentina prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Australia

High income: OECD

Assets

1977

Family Law Act 1975

06/12/1975

01/06/1976

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Australia recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Austria

High income: OECD

Marriage

1977

General civil code for the entire German inheritance of the Austrian monarchy

07/01/1975

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Austria no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Austria

High income: OECD

Marriage

1977

The Federal Law on Personal Consequences of Marriage

07/01/1975

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Austria enacted a law that recognizes spouses equal rights and duties.

Austria

High income: OECD

Mobility

1977

General civil code for the entire German inheritance of the Austrian monarchy

07/01/1975

07/31/1975

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Austria reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Canada

High income: OECD

Assets

1977

Family Law Act

07/03/1975

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Canada enacted the Family Law Reform Act, recognizing the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1977

Collective Trade Agreement of the Central African Republic

12/01/1975

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Central African Republic introduced paid paternity leave.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1977

Law No. 84 Civil Code

01/19/1976

02/18/1976

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Colombia allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1977

Social Security (Benefit) Regulations

01/29/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Dominica introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1977

Social Security (Benefit) Regulations

01/29/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Dominica introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

France

High income: OECD

Mobility

1977

Civil Code

07/11/1975

01/01/1976

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

France reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1977

Act on Working Terms and Pension Rights Insurance, No. 55/1980

12/31/1975

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Iceland's government began administering maternity benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

1977

Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

07/11/1975

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1977

Social Security Code

07/03/1975

07/10/1975

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Luxembourg prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1977

Social Security Code

07/03/1975

07/10/1975

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Luxembourg increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Pakistan

South Asia

Pension

1977

Employees Old Age Benefits Act

04/05/1976

04/19/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Pakistan introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Pakistan

South Asia

Pension

1977

Employees Old Age Benefits Act

04/05/1976

04/19/1976

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Pakistan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1977

Legal Regim of National Passports

12/15/1975

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted new legislation which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1977

Civil Code of Seychelles Act

01/01/1976

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Seychelles introduced a Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Spain

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1977

Labor Relations Law of 1976

04/08/1976

04/22/1976

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Spain increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1977

Sex Discrimination Act 1975

11/12/1975

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The United Kingdom's Sex Discrimination Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Workplace

1977

Sex Discrimination Act 1975

11/12/1975

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The United Kingdom prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Australia

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1978

Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 No 48

04/28/1977

08/01/1984

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Australia made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1978

Amiri Decree-Law No. 23 of 1976

06/01/1976

08/15/1976

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Bahrain prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1978

The Decree-Law promulgating the Law on Social Insurance

06/29/1976

08/15/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Bahrain introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1978

Employment of Women (Maternity Leave) Act, Chapter 345A

07/19/1976

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Barbados prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Workplace

1978

Civil Code

07/04/1976

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Belgium allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Belgium amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Assets

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Belgium granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Assets

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Belgium granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Mobility

1978

Civil Code

07/14/1976

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Belgium introduced legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Germany

High income: OECD

Workplace

1978

First Marriage and Family Law Act of 1976

06/15/1976

07/01/1977

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Germany allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Pay

1978

Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men

12/31/1976

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Iceland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1978

Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men

12/31/1976

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Iceland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1978

Unfair Dismissals Act of 1977

04/06/1977

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Ireland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1978

Social Security Law, No. 61 of 1976.

09/02/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Kuwait introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1978

National Pensions Act

10/22/1976

12/01/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Mauritius introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1978

National Pensions Act

10/22/1976

12/01/1976

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Mauritius introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Mobility

1978

Domicile Act of 1976

08/31/1976

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

New Zealand introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Assets

1978

Married Women's Property Act

12/14/1976

02/01/1977

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

New Zealand explicitly recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1978

Civil Code

06/02/1976

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Puerto Rico made both spouses administrators of marital property, granting them equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1978

Civil Code

06/02/1976

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Puerto Rico made both spouses administrators of marital property, granting them equal rights to immovable property.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1978

Civil Code

06/02/1976

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Puerto Rico no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1978

Civil Code

06/02/1976

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Puerto Rico reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1979

Civil Code

12/26/1977

12/27/1977

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Brazil legalized divorce. The process is the same for women and men.

Canada

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1979

Canadian Human Rights Act

08/10/1977

03/01/1978

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Canada introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Canada

High income: OECD

Mobility

1979

Family Law Act

03/16/1978

03/31/1978

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Canada enacted the Family Reform Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme

04/26/1978

01/01/1978

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Chad introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme

04/26/1978

01/01/1978

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Chad introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

Decree No. 99/P/CSM of 26 April 1978 on the organization of the pension insurance scheme

04/26/1978

01/01/1978

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Chad introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Finland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women

03/01/1978

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Finland introduced paid parental leave.

Finland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Law No. 72-1143 of December 22, 1972 on equal pay for men and women

03/01/1978

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Finland introduced paid paternity leave.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

Social Security Corporation Act, 2010

01/01/1978

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Gambia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

Social Security Corporation Act, 2010

01/01/1978

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

The Gambia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Government Regulation on Retirement Guarantee Program (No. 45/2015)

11/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Indonesia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Government Regulation on Retirement Guarantee Program (No. 45/2015)

11/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Indonesia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1979

Employment Equality Act

06/01/1977

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Ireland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Italy

High income: OECD

Pay

1979

Law No. 903 of 1977

12/09/1977

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Italy mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Italy

High income: OECD

Workplace

1979

Legislative Decree no. 198 of 11 April 2006 "Code of equal opportunities for men and women, pursuant to article 6 of Law no. 246 of 28 November 2005"

12/09/1977

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Italy prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Provident Fund (Amendment) Act 2005 (No. 11 of 2005)

07/01/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Kiribati introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Provident Fund (Amendment) Act 2005 (No. 11 of 2005)

07/01/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Kiribati introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Workplace

1979

Human Rights Act 1993

11/21/1977

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

New Zealand prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Norway

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988

04/21/1978

05/05/1978

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Norway prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Norway

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988

04/21/1978

05/05/1978

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Norway increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Norway

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988

04/21/1978

05/05/1978

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Norway began administering maternity benefits.

Norway

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1979

Holidays Act No. 21 of 1988

04/21/1978

05/05/1978

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Norway introduced paid parental leave.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Assets

1979

Constitution of the Portuguese Republic

10/06/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Portugal granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Assets

1979

Constitution of the Portuguese Republic

10/06/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Portugal granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Workplace

1979

Decree-Law No. 496/77 of November 25 1977

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Portugal allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Marriage

1979

Portuguese Civil Code

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Portugal allowed women to be head of household.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1979

Portuguese Civil Code

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1979

Portuguese Civil Code

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1979

Portuguese Civil Code

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Portugal amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Mobility

1979

Portuguese Civil Code

11/25/1977

04/01/1978

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Portugal reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe allowed women to be head of household.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted a new Family Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

São Tomé and Príncipe granted spouses equal rights to immovable property during marriage.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

São Tomé and Príncipe granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1979

Law No. 2/1977 - Regulation of Family Institutions

09/28/1977

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe introduced a Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

IPRES Internal Regulations

07/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Senegal introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1979

IPRES Internal Regulations

07/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Senegal introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Spain

High income: OECD

Mobility

1979

Royal Decree 896/2003, of July 11, which regulates the issuance of the ordinary passport and determines its characteristics.

09/23/1977

12/11/1977

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Spain enacted new passport law which no longer requires a married woman her husband's consent when applying for a passport.

St. Kitts and Nevis

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1979

Social Security (Benefits) Regulations 1978

01/10/1978

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

St. Kitts and Nevis began administering maternity benefits through its social insurance system.

St. Kitts and Nevis

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1979

Social Security (Benefits) Regulations 1978

01/10/1978

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

St. Kitts and Nevis explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Decree-Law No. 17/2017 Old Age Pension

11/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Timor-Leste introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1979

Decree-Law No. 17/2017 Old Age Pension

11/26/1977

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Timor-Leste introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Austria

High income: OECD

Assets

1980

Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code

06/15/1978

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Austria granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Austria

High income: OECD

Assets

1980

Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code

06/15/1978

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Austria granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Austria

High income: OECD

Assets

1980

Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.; Civil Code

06/15/1978

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Austria recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pay

1980

Federal Act on Equal Treatment

02/23/1979

03/15/1979

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Austria mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Austria

High income: OECD

Workplace

1980

Federal Equal Treatment Act

02/23/1979

03/15/1979

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Austria prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1980

Maternity Protection Act 1979

05/31/1979

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Austria prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Dominican Republic amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Dominican Republic no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Dominican Republic reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1980

Law No. 855 of 1977 amended the Labor Code

07/22/1978

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The Dominican Republic allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1980

Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments

07/30/1978

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Jordan introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1980

Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments

07/30/1978

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Jordan began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Norway

High income: OECD

Pay

1980

Act (No. 45 of 1978) relating to Gender Equality (Gender Equality Act)

06/09/1978

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Norway mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Norway

High income: OECD

Workplace

1980

Act on Gender Equality (the Gender Equality Act)

06/09/1978

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Norway prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Papua New Guinea

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1980

Employment Act 1978

08/21/1978

01/01/1981

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Papua New Guinea prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1980

National Insurance Act, 1978

12/31/1978

04/30/1979

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

St. Lucia introduced a social security system that provides maternity benefits.

United States

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1980

29 CFR 1604.10 - Employment policies relating to pregnancy and childbirth.

10/31/1978

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

United States prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1981

Domicile Reform Act, Cap. 213

01/01/1980

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Barbados introduced the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1981

Social Security Act

10/04/1979

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Belize began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1981

Maternity Leave Act

12/31/1979

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Jamaica prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Workplace

1981

Equal Treatment Act

03/01/1980

03/14/1980

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Netherlands prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Papua New Guinea

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1981

Superannuation Regulation 2002

01/01/1980

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Papua New Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Papua New Guinea

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1981

Superannuation Regulation 2002

01/01/1980

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Papua New Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Pay

1981

Labor Code

08/31/1979

09/20/1979

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Portugal mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1981

Law No. 2/79 Social Security Law

07/05/1979

09/01/1979

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

São Tomé and Príncipe introduced a social security system that administers maternity benefits.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1981

Law n°7-04 of the Social Protection Framework

07/31/1979

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

São Tomé and Príncipe introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Spain

High income: OECD

Workplace

1981

Law No. 8 of 1980, Workers' Statute Law

03/10/1980

03/15/1980

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Spain prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Workplace

1981

Discrimination Act

12/17/1979

07/01/1980

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Sweden prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1981

Social Insurance Act

01/01/1980

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Sweden introduced paid paternity leave.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Togo enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Togo's Personal and Family Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Togo equalized inheritance rights for both sons and daughters.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Togo equalized inheritance rights for both male and female surviving spouses.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1981

Personal and Family Code

01/31/1980

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Togo's Personal and Family Code granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Australia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1982

Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 No 48

04/22/1981

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Australia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Pay

1982

Labor Code

12/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

The Czech Republic allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1982

Employment Act, 1980.

09/26/1980

01/01/1981

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Eswatini prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1982

Employment Act, 1980.

09/26/1980

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Eswatini prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1982

Act No. 14 of 1999

10/10/1980

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Grenada prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1982

Maternity Protection of Employees Act, 1981

04/06/1981

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Ireland introduced paid maternity leave of at least 14 weeks.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

1982

OPM Circular No 103/80

12/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Malta allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1982

Social Security Act

04/07/1981

04/10/1981

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Malta prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1982

Code Civil

10/31/1980

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Mauritius granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1982

Code Civil

10/31/1980

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Mauritius granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1982

Code Civil

10/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Mauritius allowed women to be head of household.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1982

Code Civil

10/31/1980

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Mauritius reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1982

Maternity Leave and Employment Protection Act 1980

01/13/1981

04/01/1981

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

New Zealand prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Pay

1982

Factories and Commercial Premises Act 1981

03/23/1981

03/23/1982

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

New Zealand lifted the ban on women's employment in manufacturing.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1982

Law No. 40 of 25 March 1981

05/24/1981

06/04/1981

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

San Marino prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1982

Social Security Code

08/25/1980

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Senegal increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1982

Social Security Code

08/25/1980

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Senegal began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1982

Decree No. C-11 (sb 1981, No. 23)

03/11/1981

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Suriname allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Suriname no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Suriname allowed women to be head of household.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Suriname granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same ways as a man.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1982

Civil Code

03/11/1981

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Suriname introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1982

Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981

03/20/1981

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1982

Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981

03/20/1981

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1982

Act on Old-Age Supply Fund of 20 March 1981

03/20/1981

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Suriname introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

United States

High income: OECD

Assets

1982

New York Domestic Relations Law 236B: Equitable Distribution, Maintenance, Child Support

07/19/1980

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

United States recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

United States

High income: OECD

Workplace

1982

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29 Labor Subtitle B Regulations Relating to Labor, Chapter XIV - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission part 1604, Guidelines on Discrimination because of Sex § 1604.11 Sexual harassment.

11/10/1980

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

United States enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

United States

High income: OECD

Workplace

1982

11/10/1980

#N/A

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

United States enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1982

Law No. 19.161 - Maternity and Paternity Benefits for Private Sector Workers

11/28/1980

12/09/1980

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Uruguay began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1983

General Labour Law - Law 6/81 of 24 August

08/24/1981

11/11/1984

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Angola prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Australia

High income: OECD

Mobility

1983

Domicile Act 1982

03/04/1982

07/01/1982

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Australia reformed its Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1983

Family Law (Amendment) Act

02/01/1982

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Barbados' new Family Law Act explicitly recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1983

Social Security Act

12/15/1980

06/01/1981

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Belize introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1983

Social Security Act

12/15/1980

06/01/1981

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Belize introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1983

Social Security Act

12/15/1980

06/01/1981

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Belize explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde allowed women to be head of household.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1983

Decree-Law 58-81 of June 20, 1981

06/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Cabo Verde amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1983

Civil Code

06/20/1981

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Cabo Verde granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

1983

British Nationality Act 1981

10/30/1981

01/01/1983

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Hong Kong SAR, China, during its time of being a British colony, followed the United Kingdom's introduction of new legal amendments which no longer establish differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Marriage

1983

Domestic Violence Act

06/23/1981

07/23/1981

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Ireland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Workplace

1983

Act of 8 December 1981 Concerning Equal Treatment for Men and Women as Regards Access to Employment, Vocational Training and Promotion, and Working Conditions

11/24/1981

12/08/1981

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Luxembourg prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1983

Executive Decree No. 7 of 1956 General Regulation of the Social Security Law

02/11/1982

03/01/1982

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Nicaragua no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

1983

Women’s Charter

06/01/1981

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Singapore allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Spain

High income: OECD

Assets

1983

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

07/07/1981

07/20/1981

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Spain granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Spain

High income: OECD

Assets

1983

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

07/07/1981

07/20/1981

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Spain granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Spain

High income: OECD

Marriage

1983

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

07/07/1981

07/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Spain legalized divorce, equally granting the right to both spouses.

Spain

High income: OECD

Marriage

1983

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

07/07/1981

07/20/1981

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Spain legalized divorce and prohibited waiting period before remarriage for either spouse.

Spain

High income: OECD

Mobility

1983

Royal Decree of July 24, 1889 by which the Civil Code is published.

07/07/1981

07/20/1981

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Spain reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1983

Family Law (Guardianship of Minors, Domicile and Maintenance) Act

06/29/1981

03/01/1983

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Trinidad and Tobago introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1983

Succession Act

07/30/1981

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Trinidad and Tobago equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Mobility

1983

British Nationality Act 1981

10/30/1981

01/01/1983

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

The United Kingdom introduced new legal amendments which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.

Vanuatu

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1983

Penal Code

08/07/1981

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Vanuatu's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Australia

High income: OECD

Mobility

1984

Australian Passports Act 2005

01/13/1983

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Australia introduced new legal amendments which no longer requires a married woman her husband's permission when applying for a passport.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1984

Matrimonial Causes Act, Ch. 125

01/01/1983

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

The Bahamas amended the Matrimonial Causes Act to recognize the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1984

Decree-Law No. 50/2009 Amending Decree-Law 05/2004

12/24/1982

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Cabo Verde introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Canada

High income: OECD

Pension

1984

Canada Pension Plan

01/01/1983

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Canada explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

France

High income: OECD

Workplace

1984

Law No. 82-689 of August 4, 1982 relating to the freedoms of workers in the company

08/04/1982

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

France prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Marriage

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Greece abolished a 10-month waiting period for women before remarriage, giving them the same rights to remarry as men.

Greece

High income: OECD

Marriage

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Greece allowed women to be head of household.

Greece

High income: OECD

Mobility

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Greece allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Greece

High income: OECD

Assets

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Greece recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Greece

High income: OECD

Assets

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Greece eliminated the husband's supremacy in conjugal and family relations, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Greece

High income: OECD

Assets

1984

Civil Code

02/18/1983

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Greece eliminated the husband's supremacy in conjugal and family relations, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1984

Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women

10/08/1982

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Haiti allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1984

Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women

10/08/1982

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1984

Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women

10/08/1982

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1984

Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women

10/08/1982

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Haiti introduced new legislation allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1984

Decree of 8 October 1982 establishing a new status for married women

10/08/1982

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Haiti no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Pay

1984

Social Welfare Consolidation Act

09/17/1982

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Ireland removed restrictions on women's employment in manufacturing.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pension

1984

Act of 14 December 1982 on Pension Supply to Employees and Their Families

12/14/1982

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Poland set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1984

National Interprofessional Collective Agreement

10/16/1982

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Senegal introduced paid paternity leave.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1984

Civil Code

07/06/1982

07/26/1982

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Venezuela, RB allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1984

Civil Code

07/06/1982

07/26/1982

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Venezuela, RB enacted a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1984

Civil Code

07/06/1982

07/26/1982

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Venezuela, RB granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1984

Civil Code

07/06/1982

07/26/1982

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Venezuela, RB granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during the marriage.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1984

Employment Code Act

08/20/1982

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Zambia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1984

General Law Amendment Act

12/10/1982

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Zimbabwe allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1984

General Law Amendment Act

12/10/1982

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Zimbabwe allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1984

General Law Amendment Act

12/10/1982

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Zimbabwe allowed women to register a business in the same way as men.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1984

General Law Amendment Act

12/10/1982

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Zimbabwe allowed women to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as men.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1984

General Law Amendment Act

12/10/1982

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Zimbabwe enacted an Act that allowed all persons including married women to open a bank account in the same way.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1985

Law No. 83-12 of 2 July 1983 relating to retirement

07/02/1983

01/01/1984

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Algeria introduced an old-age pension system that set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1985

Act No. 83-11 of 2 July 1983 on social insurance

07/02/1983

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Algeria increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1985

Law No. 83-12 of 2 July 1983 relating to retirement

07/02/1983

01/01/1984

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Algeria introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Australia

High income: OECD

Workplace

1985

Sex Discrimination Act 1984

03/21/1984

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Australia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Australia

High income: OECD

Workplace

1985

Sex Discrimination Act 1984

03/21/1984

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Australia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Marriage

1985

Law to standardize the right of marriage and divorce in the country of Austria and in the rest of the Reich. 6 July 1938.

11/11/1983

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Austria gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Brunei Darussalam

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1985

Old Age and Disability Pensions Cap 18

01/01/1984

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Brunei Darussalam explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1985

Act No. 84-10 of 15 May 1984 Act on civil status

02/18/1984

05/15/1984

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Comoros prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1985

Act No. 84-10 of 15 May 1984 Act on civil status

02/18/1984

05/15/1984

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Comoros increased the duration of paid maternity leave to 14 weeks.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1985

Act No. 84-108 on the Labor Code

02/18/1984

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Comoros prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1985

Law No. 83-1983 amended Marriage Law of 1964

08/02/1983

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire amended its Marriage Law allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1985

Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme

03/10/1984

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Equatorial Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1985

Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme

03/10/1984

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Equatorial Guinea introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1985

Decree No. 100/1990 of 28 September 1990 approving the regulations of the general social security scheme

03/10/1984

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Equatorial Guinea began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1985

Collective Agreement of the Trade Sector in Gabon

06/08/1983

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Gabon introduced paid paternity leave.

Greece

High income: OECD

Workplace

1985

Law No. 1414/1984 - Application of the principle of gender equality in labor relations and other provisions

01/30/1984

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Greece prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1985

Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family responsibilities. Modifications and improvements to labor laws

02/14/1984

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Greece increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1985

National Insurance Act

12/31/1983

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1985

National Insurance Act

12/31/1983

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1985

National Insurance Act

12/31/1983

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Grenada introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1985

Decree of 24 February 1984 updating the Labor Code of 12 September 1961

02/24/1984

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Haiti mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1985

Decree of 24 February 1984 updating the Labor Code of 12 September 1961

02/24/1984

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Haiti prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

1985

Law No. (10) of 1984 regarding provisions for marriage and divorce and their effects

04/19/1984

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Libya no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1985

Civil Code for the Federal District

12/27/1983

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Mexico amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1985

Basic Conditions of Employment Act

12/31/1983

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

South Africa lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1985

Decree núm. E-41, September 12, 1983

09/12/1983

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Suriname lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1985

Civil Appeal: Bi Hawa Mohamed v. Ally Sefu

11/29/1983

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Tanzania recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1986

National Insurance (Benefits and Assistance) Regulations

06/06/1984

10/01/1984

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The Bahamas explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Canada

High income: OECD

Workplace

1986

Canadian Human Rights Act

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Canada enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1986

Law NO. 073/84 OF 17/10/1984 ON THE FAMILY CODE

10/17/1984

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Congo, Rep. allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1986

Law NO. 073/84 OF 17/10/1984 ON THE FAMILY CODE

10/17/1984

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Congo, Rep. introduced a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1986

Act No. 63 (February 1984) on the Maternity Leave Act

07/01/1984

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Denmark introduced paid parental leave.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1986

Act No. 63 (February 1984) on the Maternity Leave Act

07/01/1984

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Denmark introduced paid paternity leave.

Greece

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1986

Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family obligations

10/08/1984

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Greece prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Greece

High income: OECD

Pension

1986

Law 1483/1984 Protection and facilitation of workers with family obligations

10/08/1984

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Greece explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1986

Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) Act 1984

06/27/1984

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Malaysia recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Pakistan

South Asia

Entrepreneurship

1986

Companies Act of 2017

10/08/1984

Negative

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Pakistan introduced a new companies law that prescribes additional procedures for women when registering a business compared to men.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1986

Civil Code

07/24/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Peru allowed women to be head of household.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1986

Civil Code

07/24/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Peru introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1986

Civil Code

07/24/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Peru recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1986

Civil Code

07/24/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Peru's new Civil Code granted equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1986

Civil Code

07/24/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Peru's new Civil Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1986

Civil Code

07/25/1984

11/14/1984

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Peru allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1986

Matrimonial Property Act

07/03/1984

11/01/1984

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

South Africa granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1986

Matrimonial Property Act

07/03/1984

11/01/1984

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

South Africa recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1986

Swiss Civil Code

10/05/1984

01/01/1988

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Switzerland allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Marriage

1986

Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)

10/05/1984

01/01/1988

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Switzerland allowed women to be head of household.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Mobility

1986

Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)

10/05/1984

01/01/1988

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Switzerland amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Assets

1986

Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)

10/05/1984

01/01/1988

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Switzerland granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Assets

1986

Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)

10/05/1984

01/01/1988

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Switzerland granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1986

Labor Standards Act

07/30/1984

08/01/1984

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Taiwan, China mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1987

Labor Code

03/24/1986

01/01/1987

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Bulgaria prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Canada

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1987

Canada Labor Code

06/07/1985

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Canada prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1987

Act No. 004-86 of 25 February 1986 on the Social Security Code

02/25/1986

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Congo, Rep. explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1987

Law No. 2/1943 Labor Code

04/23/1986

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Costa Rica increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

1987

Egypt's Personal Status Law No. 100 of 1985

07/03/1985

05/16/1985

Negative

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Egypt, Arab Rep. introduced a new personal status law that obliges a married woman to obey her husband.

France

High income: OECD

Assets

1987

Civil Code

12/23/1985

07/01/1986

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

France granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

France

High income: OECD

Assets

1987

Civil Code

12/23/1985

07/01/1986

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

France granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Germany

High income: OECD

Pension

1987

Law on Restructuring of Survivor's Pensions and Recognition of Child-raising Periods in Statutory Pension Insurance of 1985

07/11/1985

07/19/1985

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Germany explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Germany

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1987

Act on Parental Benefit and Parental Leave (Bundeselterngeld- und Elternzeitgesetz - BEEG)

01/01/1986

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Germany introduced paid parental leave.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1987

Intestate Succession Law

06/14/1985

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Ghana's Intestate Succession Act made inheritance equal under law for male and female surviving spouses.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1987

Intestate Succession Law

06/14/1985

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Ghana's Intestate Succession Act made inheritance equal under law for sons and daughters.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1987

Law No. 2/1986 General Labor Law

04/05/1986

05/01/1986

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Guinea-Bissau prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Pension

1987

Act on Working Terms and Pension Rights Insurance, No. 55/1980

12/18/1985

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Iceland explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Japan

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1987

Child Care and Family Care Leave Act

06/01/1985

04/01/1986

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Japan increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1987

Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

12/23/1985

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Lao PDR granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Pay

1987

An Act to Amend the Labour Act 1919 by Making Provisions in Connection with the Cancellation of the Ban on Night Work by Women in Factories or Workplaces

05/05/1986

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The Netherlands eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work in factories and other industrial workplaces.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1987

Law No. 1/92 on the Partial Reform of the Civil Code

12/18/1985

12/23/1985

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Paraguay introduced a Civil Code allowing a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

07/01/1986

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

San Marino allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

San Marino allowed women to be head of household.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

San Marino legalized divorce, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Assets

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

San Marino recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Mobility

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

San Marino allowed a married woman to choose where to live without her husband's permission.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Mobility

1987

Law No. 49 of 26 April 1986, Reform of Family Law

04/26/1986

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

San Marino removed restrictions and allowed a married woman to leave the marital home without her husband's permission.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1987

Civil Code

06/03/1985

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Taiwan, China recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Canada

High income: OECD

Pay

1988

Ontario Pay Equity Act Cap P7, 1990

01/01/1987

01/01/1988

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Canada mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Finland

High income: OECD

Pay

1988

Act on Equality between Men and Women

08/08/1986

01/01/1987

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Finland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Finland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1988

Act on Equality between Men and Women

08/08/1986

06/01/1988

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Finland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Pension

1988

Social Security Code

12/30/1986

12/31/1986

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

France explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1988

Matrimonial Causes Act of 1986

09/08/1986

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The Gambia introduced the Matrimonial Causes Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1988

Decree-Law No. 5 of 1986

03/29/1987

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Guinea-Bissau introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1988

Decree-Law No. 5 of 1986

03/29/1987

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Guinea-Bissau introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1988

Domestic and Cohabitation Relationships Violence Ordinance

12/19/1986

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Hong Kong SAR, China enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1988

Act on maternity and parental leave

03/31/1987

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Iceland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

1988

Act No. 71 of 1987 promulgating the Labour Code

05/27/1987

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Iraq prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Mobility

1988

Domicile and Recognition of Foreign Divorces Act

07/02/1986

10/02/1986

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Ireland introduced the Domicile and Recognition of Foreign Divorces Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1988

Social Security Act

01/11/1987

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Malta set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1988

Law No. 23/2007

12/14/1985

06/14/1986

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Mozambique prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Workplace

1988

Labour Relations Act 1987

05/27/1987

08/01/1987

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

New Zealand enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Workplace

1988

Labour Relations Act 1987

05/27/1987

08/01/1987

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

New Zealand enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Pakistan

South Asia

Pension

1988

Employees Old Age Benefits Act

06/29/1986

07/01/1986

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Pakistan set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1988

Women’s Charter

03/30/1987

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Singapore enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

St. Kitts and Nevis

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1988

Protection of Employment Act 1986

06/30/1986

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

St. Kitts and Nevis prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1988

Statutory Maternity Pay (General) Regulations 1986

11/24/1986

03/15/1987

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The United Kingdom increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Pension

1989

Labour Code of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

06/11/1987

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Afghanistan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Parenthood

1989

Labour Code of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

06/11/1987

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Afghanistan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Angola allowed women to get a job without permission from her husband.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Angola allowed women to be head of household.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Angola gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Angola granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Angola introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Angola introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Angola introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1989

Law No. 1/88 - Family Code

02/20/1988

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Angola introduced new Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 23.515 of 1987 amending the Civil Code

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Argentina enacted a Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 23.515 of 1987 amending the Civil Code

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Argentina enacted a Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1989

Law No. 23.515 of 1987 amending the Civil Code

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Argentina enacted a Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1989

Civil and Commercial Code

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Argentina legalized divorce, equally granting the right to both spouses.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1989

Civil and Commercial Code

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Argentina prohibited waiting period before remarriage for either spouse.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1989

The Civil Code of 1869

06/03/1987

06/08/1987

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Argentina reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1989

Law No. 23. 515 of 1987 amended Civil Code

06/08/1987

06/12/1987

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Argentina allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1989

Employment Act, Ch. 321A

03/29/1988

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Bahamas prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1989

Act No. 975, on employment security for pregnant women, of 2 March 1988

03/02/1988

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Bolivia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Act No. 87.010 of 1 August 1987 on the Family Code

08/01/1987

08/01/1988

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

The Democratic Republic of Congo equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Act No. 87.010 of 1 August 1987 on the Family Code

08/01/1987

08/01/1988

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

The Democratic Republic of Congo equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1989

Act No. 87.010 of 1 August 1987 on the Family Code

08/01/1987

08/01/1988

Negative

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

The Democratic Republic of Congo introduced a new family law that obliges a married woman to obey her husband.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1989

Maternity Protection Law 1997 (100(I)/1997)

04/10/1987

05/27/1988

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Cyprus prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1989

Maternity Protection Law 1997 (100(I)/1997)

05/27/1988

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Cyprus increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

France

High income: OECD

Pay

1989

Labor Code

06/19/1987

06/20/1987

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

France lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1989

Law on the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor

02/04/1988

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Georgia set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1989

Order n° 003/PRG/SGG/88 of January 28, 1988 establishing the labor code of the Republic of Guinea

01/28/1988

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Guinea mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1989

Order n° 003/PRG/SGG/88 of January 28, 1988 establishing the labor code of the Republic of Guinea

01/28/1988

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Guinea increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1989

Act on maternity and parental leave

01/01/1988

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Iceland increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1989

Act on maternity and parental leave

01/01/1988

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Iceland introduced paid parental leave.

India

South Asia

Workplace

1989

Equal Remuneration Act, 1976

12/16/1987

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

India prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

1989

Labor Law

08/17/1987

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Iraq eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining and removed restrictions on women's employment in manufacturing.

Israel

High income: OECD

Workplace

1989

Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law 5748-1988

03/03/1988

04/01/1988

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Israel prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1989

Family Code

04/28/1988

04/29/1988

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Nicaragua allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1989

Family Code

04/28/1988

04/29/1988

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Nicaragua recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions, including domestic work.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

1989

Family Code

06/06/1987

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The Philippines introduced a Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1989

Family Code

06/06/1987

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

The Philippines introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1989

Family Code

06/06/1987

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

The Philippines introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1989

Family Code

06/06/1987

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

The Philippines introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1989

Family Code

07/06/1987

07/21/1987

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The Philippines allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1989

Law No. 17 of 22 April 1988

04/22/1988

06/21/1988

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Puerto Rico enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1989

Law No. 17 of 22 April 1988

04/22/1988

06/21/1988

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Puerto Rico enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Intestate Succession Act

09/30/1987

03/18/1988

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

South Africa's Intestate Succession Act equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Intestate Succession Act

09/30/1987

03/18/1988

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

South Africa's Intestate Succession Act equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1989

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 4, 1988 N 8430-XI

02/04/1988

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Tajikistan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1989

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

02/04/1988

02/22/1988

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Uzbekistan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Vanuatu

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1989

Vanuatu National Provident Fund (Withdrawal Of Credits And Special Death Benefit) Regulations

10/13/1986

08/10/1987

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Vanuatu introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Vanuatu

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

1989

Vanuatu National Provident Fund (Withdrawal Of Credits And Special Death Benefit) Regulations

10/13/1986

08/10/1987

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Vanuatu introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1989

Matrimonial Causes Act

12/11/1987

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Zimbabwe recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1990

Constitution of the Federal Republic of Brazil

10/08/1988

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Brazil increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1990

Constitution of the Federal Republic of Brazil

10/08/1988

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Brazil introduced paid paternity leave.

Chile

High income: OECD

Workplace

1990

Law No. 18802 amended Civil Code

05/23/1989

06/09/1989

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Chile allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1990

Regulations on Labour Protection for Female Workers and Employees

06/28/1988

09/01/1988

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

China prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

1990

Equal Pay between Men and Women for the Same Work or Work of Equal Value Law 2002 (177(I)/2002)

05/05/1989

05/05/1992

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Cyprus mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1990

Act on Equal Treatment of Men and Women in Employment

04/19/1989

05/01/1989

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Denmark prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1990

Social Security Law

09/08/1988

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Ecuador introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1990

Social Security Law

09/08/1988

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Ecuador introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Finland

High income: OECD

Pay

1990

Law 1351/1988 on Amending the Working Time Act

12/29/1988

01/01/1989

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Finland lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1990

Domicile Reform Act

07/14/1988

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Guyana introduced the Domicile Reform Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1990

The Matrimonial Causes Act

02/01/1989

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Jamaica allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1990

The Matrimonial Causes Act

02/01/1989

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Jamaica allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1990

Act on Equal Employment and Support for Work-Family Reconciliation

04/01/1989

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Republic of Korea prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Pay

1990

Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions

04/11/1989

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Netherlands lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1990

Labor Code

05/12/1989

05/27/1989

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

The Philippines mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Mobility

1990

Decree-Law No. 83/2000

10/15/1988

01/01/1989

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Portugal introduced new legislation which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1990

Employment (Amendment) Act 1988

08/16/1988

08/26/1988

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Singapore lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Marriage

1990

Penal Code

07/01/1988

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Sweden enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1990

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

03/18/1988

01/01/1989

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Switzerland prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1990

The Intestate Succession Act

05/19/1989

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Zambia equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1990

The Intestate Succession Act

05/19/1989

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Zambia equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

1991

Act No. 90-11 of 21 April 1990 on Labor relations

04/21/1990

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Algeria mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1991

Act No. 90-11 of 21 April 1990 on Labor relations

04/21/1990

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Algeria introduced paid paternity leave.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1991

Law No. 7855 of October of 1989

10/24/1989

01/11/2003

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Brazil allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1991

Law No. 7855 of October of 1989

10/24/1989

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Brazil allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1991

Law No. 7855 of October of 1989

10/24/1989

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Brazil eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1991

Law No. 7855 of October of 1989

10/24/1989

10/25/1989

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Brazil lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1991

Zatu an VII 13 of 16 November 1989 on the establishment and implementation of a code of persons and the family in Burkina Faso

11/16/1989

08/04/1990

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Burkina Faso allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1991

Zatu an VII 13 of 16 November 1989 on the establishment and implementation of a code of persons and the family in Burkina Faso

11/16/1989

08/04/1990

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Burkina Faso allowed women to be head of household.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1991

Zatu an VII 13 of 16 November 1989 on the establishment and implementation of a code of persons and the family in Burkina Faso

11/16/1989

08/04/1990

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Burkina Faso enacted a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1991

Zatu an VII 13 of 16 November 1989 on the establishment and implementation of a code of persons and the family in Burkina Faso

11/16/1989

08/04/1990

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Burkina Faso granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1991

Zatu an VII 13 of 16 November 1989 on the establishment and implementation of a code of persons and the family in Burkina Faso

11/16/1989

08/04/1990

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Burkina Faso granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1991

Civil Code of Cambodia

07/17/1989

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Cambodia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Canada

High income: OECD

Marriage

1991

Family Law Act

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Canada enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Canada

High income: OECD

Workplace

1991

Ontario Human Rights Code

#N/A

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Canada adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Chile

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1991

Civil Code

06/09/1989

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Chile amended its Civil Code abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Chile

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1991

Civil Code

06/09/1989

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Chile amended its Civil Code abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Chile

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1991

Civil Code

06/09/1989

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Chile amended its Civil Code abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Chile

High income: OECD

Mobility

1991

Civil Code

06/09/1989

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Chile amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Chile

High income: OECD

Marriage

1991

Civil Code

06/09/1989

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Chile no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1991

Law on Labor Relations of 27 April 1990

04/27/1990

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Croatia equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1991

Law No. 154/AN/02/4th L codifying the functioning of the OPS and the general pension scheme for salaried workers

06/19/1989

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Djibouti introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1991

Law No. 154/AN/02/4th L codifying the functioning of the OPS and the general pension scheme for salaried workers

06/19/1989

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Djibouti explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1991

Civil Code

08/18/1989

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Ecuador no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1991

Civil Code

08/18/1989

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Ecuador reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1991

Law No. 10/2.012, dated 24 December, on the Reform of the General Labor Law

01/04/1990

03/04/1990

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Equatorial Guinea prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1991

Law No. 2/1990, dated January 4, on General Labor Regulations

01/04/1990

01/11/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Equatorial Guinea prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Mobility

1991

Civil Act of 1958

01/13/1990

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The Republic of Korea reformed its Civil Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Assets

1991

Civil Act of 1958

01/13/1990

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

The Republic of Korea's new Family Law equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Assets

1991

Civil Act of 1958

01/13/1990

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

The Republic of Korea's new Family Law equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Assets

1991

Civil Act of 1958

01/13/1990

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

The Republic of Korea's new Family Law recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1991

Labor Code

05/14/1990

07/01/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Mongolia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1991

Dutch Civil Code

02/03/1990

02/22/1990

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Netherlands prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1991

Dutch Civil Code

02/03/1990

02/22/1990

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Netherlands increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1991

Law No. 54 of 1989 (Domestic Violence Law)

08/15/1989

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Puerto Rico enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1991

Law No. 382/1990 Act on Parental Allowance

01/10/1990

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The Slovak Republic introduced paid parental leave.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1991

The Civil Code

12/28/1989

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

St. Lucia reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1991

The Civil Code

12/30/1989

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

St. Lucia granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during the marriage.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1991

The Civil Code

12/30/1989

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

St. Lucia granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1991

The Civil Code

12/30/1989

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

St. Lucia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1991

Matrimonial Causes Act

12/29/1989

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

St. Vincent and the Grenadines recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Pay

1991

Employment Relations Act 1999

11/16/1989

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The United Kingdom eliminated restrictions on women's employment in mining and manufacturing.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1991

Law No. 16.045 - Law on Equal Treatment and Opportunities for Both Sexes in the Workplace

06/02/1989

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Uruguay prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1992

Paid Parental Leave Act 2010

06/27/1990

07/13/1990

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Austria introduced paid parental leave.

Canada

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1992

Employment Insurance Act

12/31/1990

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Canada introduced paid parental leave.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1992

Labor Code

09/18/1990

10/01/1990

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The Czech Republic introduced paid parental leave.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

Social Security Act

01/01/1991

02/15/1991

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Ghana equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1992

Married Persons (Property) Act of 1904

07/20/1990

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Guyana recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pension

1992

Labour Code of 1992

01/16/1991

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Hungary explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Iran, Islamic Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1992

Labor Law

11/20/1990

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Islamic Republic of Iran set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Israel

High income: OECD

Marriage

1992

Prevention of Family Violence Law 5751-1991

03/28/1991

06/26/1991

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Israel enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Japan

High income: OECD

Pension

1992

Law Concerning the Welfare of Workers Who Take Care of Children or Other Family Members Including Child Care and Family Care Leave

07/06/1990

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Japan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1992

Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

11/29/1990

12/24/1990

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR enacted a new family law, allowing women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1992

Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

11/29/1990

12/24/1990

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Lao PDR enacted a new family law, allowing women to remarry in the same way as men.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1992

Civil Code of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

11/29/1990

12/24/1990

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Lao PDR granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1992

Family Law 1990

12/24/1990

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1992

Federal Penal Code

12/20/1990

01/22/1991

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Mexico enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1992

Federal Penal Code

12/20/1990

01/22/1991

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Mexico adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1992

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

12/05/1990

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Moldova introduced paid parental leave.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1992

Labor Code

01/24/1991

02/14/1991

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Mongolia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1992

Labor Law

07/31/1990

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Montenegro equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1992

Law on State Pensions in the Russian Federation

11/20/1990

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The Russian Federation explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

IPRES Internal Regulations

05/07/1991

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Senegal explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

Social Insurance Act of 1990

12/31/1990

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

South Sudan introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

Social Insurance Act of 1990

12/31/1990

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

South Sudan introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

Social Insurance Act of 1990

06/12/1990

07/01/1990

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Sudan introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1992

Social Insurance Act of 1990

06/12/1990

07/01/1990

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Sudan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Pay

1992

Equal Opportunities Act

05/23/1991

01/01/1992

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Sweden mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1992

Turkish Constitutional Court Decision, E 1990 of 30, K 1990 of 31 of November 29, 1990

11/29/1990

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Turkey allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1992

Labor Code of Ukraine

03/20/1991

01/01/1992

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Ukraine prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1992

Organic Labor Act of 1990

11/27/1990

05/01/1991

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Venezuela, RB prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1992

Labor Law

05/01/1991

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Venezuela, RB prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1993

Law No. 24.013 Labor Law

11/13/1991

12/05/1991

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Argentina lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1993

Domestic Violence (Protection Orders) Act

07/29/1991

08/02/1991

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Bahamas enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1993

Sexual Offences Act

07/29/1991

08/02/1991

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Bahamas enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1993

Sexual Offences Act

07/29/1991

08/02/1991

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Bahamas adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1993

Domestic Violence (Protection Orders) Act, Cap. 130A

02/13/1992

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Barbados enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Assets

1993

Law Regulating Property Relations of Spouses 1991 (232/1991)

12/30/1991

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Cyprus recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Pension

1993

Labor Market Supplementary Pension Act of 10 October 2014

05/20/1992

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Denmark explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1993

Law No. 16-92 Labor Code

05/29/1992

05/31/1992

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Dominican Republic enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1993

Law No. 16-92 Labor Code

05/29/1992

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Dominican Republic lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1993

Law No. 16-92 Labor Code

05/29/1992

05/31/1992

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Dominican Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1993

Law No. 16-92 Labor Code

05/29/1992

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Dominican Republic introduced paid paternity leave.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1993

Transitional Civil Code of Eritrea of 1991

09/15/1991

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Eritrea no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1993

Transitional Civil Code of Eritrea 1991

09/15/1991

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Eritrea enacted a law that allowed women to be recognized as the head of household in the same way as men.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1993

Transitional Civil Code of Eritrea of 1991

09/15/1991

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Eritrea granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1993

Transitional Civil Code of Eritrea of 1991

09/15/1991

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Eritrea granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1993

Transitional Civil Code of Eritrea of 1991

09/15/1991

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Eritrea introduced the Transitional Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pay

1993

Employment Contracts Act of 15 April 1992

04/15/1992

07/03/1992

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Estonia lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pension

1993

Labour Code of 1992

03/30/1992

05/04/1992

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Hungary set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1993

Labour Code of 1992

03/30/1992

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Hungary introduced paid paternity leave.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1993

Law on Pensions of the Republic of Kazakhstan

06/17/1991

10/01/1991

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Kazakhstan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1993

Land (Amendment) Order of 1992

03/10/1992

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Lesotho equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1993

Labor Act

03/13/1992

04/08/1992

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Namibia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1993

Labor Act

04/08/1992

04/16/1992

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Namibia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1993

Labor Act

04/08/1992

04/16/1992

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Namibia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1993

Labor Act

04/08/1992

04/16/1992

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Namibia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Norway

High income: OECD

Marriage

1993

Marriage Act

07/04/1991

01/01/1993

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Norway gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1993

Social Insurance Law

07/02/1991

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Oman introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1993

Law No. 45/91 Establishing the Tied Divorce of Marriage

10/01/1991

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Paraguay allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1993

Law No. 45/91 Establishing the Tied Divorce of Marriage

10/01/1991

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Paraguay gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1993

Legislative Decree Num. 728, which enacts the employment promotion Law

11/08/1991

12/20/1991

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Peru set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1993

Women in Development and Nation Building Act (Republic Act No. 7192)

12/11/1991

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The Philippines introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1993

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

03/12/1992

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Russian Federation no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1993

Domicile Act

03/03/1992

03/11/1992

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

South Africa enacted the Domicile Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1993

Equal Opportunities Act

05/30/1991

06/07/1991

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Sweden prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1993

Law on Pensions Provisions of the Republic of Tajikistan

12/31/1991

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Tajikistan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1993

Domestic Violence Act, 1991

08/16/1991

08/23/1991

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Trinidad and Tobago enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1993

Labor Code of Ukraine

03/20/1991

01/01/1992

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Ukraine introduced paid parental leave.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1993

Labor Code of Ukraine

11/05/1991

01/01/1992

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Ukraine no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1993

Law of Ukraine on Compulsory State Pension Insurance

11/05/1991

01/01/1992

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Ukraine explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1993

Employment of Young Persons and Children Act

12/31/1991

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Zambia eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining and in industrial undertakings.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1993

Married Persons Property Act

06/14/1991

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Zimbabwe granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pension

1994

Federal Constitutional Law on Different Age Limits of Male and Female Social Insurance

02/01/1993

03/02/1993

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Austria set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Austria

High income: OECD

Workplace

1994

Federal Equal Treatment Act

02/12/1993

03/01/1993

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Austria enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Workplace

1994

Federal Equal Treatment Act

02/12/1993

03/01/1993

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Austria enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1994

Law Of Azerbaijan Republic On Citizens' Provision Of Pensions

09/23/1992

01/01/1993

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Azerbaijan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1994

Law on Pensions

04/17/1992

01/01/1993

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Belarus explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1994

Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus

12/15/1992

01/15/1993

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Belarus introduced paid parental leave.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1994

Domestic Violence Act

12/23/1992

03/01/1993

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Belize enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Employment (Amendment) Act 1992. No. 26.

09/05/1992

10/09/1992

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Botswana eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Employment (Amendment) Act 1992. No. 26.

09/05/1992

10/09/1992

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Botswana lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Law no. 11-92 Labour Code

12/22/1992

01/07/1993

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Burkina Faso prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Law no. 11-92 Labour Code

12/22/1992

01/07/1993

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Burkina Faso lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Law no. 11-92 Labour Code

12/22/1992

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Burkina Faso prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Decree-Law No. 1/024 - Reform of the Persons and Family Code

04/28/1993

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Burundi allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1994

Decree-Law No. 1/024 - Reform of the Persons and Family Code

04/28/1993

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Burundi allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1994

Decree-Law No. 1/024 - Reform of the Persons and Family Code

04/28/1993

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Burundi introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1994

Decree-Law No. 1/024 - Reform of the Persons and Family Code

04/28/1993

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Burundi no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Cameroon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Law No. 92/007 of August 14, 1992, establishing the Labor Code

08/13/1992

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Cameroon increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Cameroon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labor Code

08/14/1992

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Cameroon prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labor Proclamation of Eritrea

01/20/1993

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Eritrea prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Negative

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Eritrea prohibited women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Negative

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Eritrea introduced restrictions for women's employment in certain industries.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Eritrea prohibited gender discrimination in employment

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pension

1994

Employment Contracts Act of 15 April 1992

04/15/1992

07/03/1992

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Estonia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1994

Employment Contracts Act of 15 April 1992

04/15/1992

07/03/1992

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Estonia introduced paid parental leave.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Ethiopia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Negative

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Ethiopia prohibited women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Negative

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Ethiopia introduced restrictions for women's employment in certain industries.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Labour Proclamation No. 42/1993

01/20/1993

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Ethiopia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Workplace

1994

Penal Code; Labour Code

07/07/1992

07/23/1992

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

France enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Workplace

1994

Penal Code; Labour Code

07/07/1992

07/23/1992

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

France adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1994

Penal Code

07/22/1992

03/01/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

France's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1994

The Law of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Georgia on the Approval of the Code of Labor Laws of the SSR of Georgia

08/13/1992

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Georgia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1994

Decree No. 1441 Labor Code

11/17/1992

12/03/1992

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Guatemala began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1994

Decree No. 64-92

11/17/1992

12/03/1992

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Guatemala lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1994

Decree No. 1441 Labor Code

11/17/1992

12/03/1992

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Guatemala introduced paid paternity leave.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Labor Code Order

11/12/1992

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Lesotho enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labor Code Order

11/12/1992

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Lesotho prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1994

Labor Code Order

11/12/1992

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Lesotho mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Labor Code Order

11/12/1992

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Lesotho prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labor Code

09/23/1992

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Mali increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1994

Labor Code

09/23/1992

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mali introduced paid paternity leave.

Norway

High income: OECD

Pension

1994

National Insurance Act

08/31/1992

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Norway explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1994

Law No. 1/92 on the Partial Reform of the Civil Code

07/15/1992

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Paraguay amended its Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1994

Law No. 1/92 on the Partial Reform of the Civil Code

07/15/1992

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Paraguay granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1994

Law No. 1/92 on the Partial Reform of the Civil Code

07/15/1992

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Paraguay granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1994

Law of the Russian Federation On the Introduction of Amendments and Additions to the Code of Labor Laws of the RSFSR

09/25/1992

10/06/1992

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The Russian Federation introduced paid parental leave.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Law No. 6/1992 - Legal Regime of Individual Working Conditions

06/11/1992

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

São Tomé and Príncipe prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1994

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

09/28/1992

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Slovak Republic prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1994

Industrial and Labour Relations Act

04/30/1993

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Zambia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1995

On Social Insurance in the Republic of Albania

05/11/1993

06/11/1993

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Albania increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1995

On Social Insurance in the Republic of Albania

05/11/1993

06/11/1993

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Albania explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

1995

Labour Law for the Private Sector

10/04/1993

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Bahrain introduced paid paternity leave.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

1995

Constitution of the Republic of Belarus

03/15/1994

03/30/1994

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Belarus mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1995

Decree Law No 1/037 of July 7, 1993 on the revision of the Burundian Labor Code

07/07/1993

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Burundi prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1995

Decree-Law No. 1-037 of July 7, 1993.

07/07/1993

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Burundi prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1995

Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia

09/21/1993

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Cambodia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Chile

High income: OECD

Pay

1995

Law 19250 AMENDS BOOKS I, II AND V OF THE LABOR CODE, ARTICLE 2472 OF THE CIVIL CODE AND OTHER LEGAL TEXTS

09/23/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Chile allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Chile

High income: OECD

Pay

1995

Law 19250 AMENDS BOOKS I, II AND V OF THE LABOR CODE, ARTICLE 2472 OF THE CIVIL CODE AND OTHER LEGAL TEXTS

09/23/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Chile eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Pay

1995

Labor Code

05/31/1994

06/01/1994

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Czech Republic lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1995

Family Code

10/11/1993

10/01/1994

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

El Salvador introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1995

Family Code

10/11/1993

10/01/1994

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

El Salvador no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1995

Family Code

10/11/1993

10/01/1994

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

El Salvador allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1995

Family Code

10/11/1993

10/01/1994

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

El Salvador recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1995

Labor Code

04/29/1994

05/20/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

El Salvador prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1995

National General Collective Labor Agreement 1993

06/09/1993

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Greece introduced paid paternity leave.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Pension

1995

Social Welfare Consolidation Act

03/31/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Ireland explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1995

Decree No. 24/PR of the President of the Republic, dated 21 April 1994 promulgating Act No. 002/NA of 14 March 1994 concerning labour

04/21/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Lao PDR prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1995

Constitution of Malawi

05/16/1994

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Malawi's new constitution equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

1995

Civil Code

08/20/1993

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Malta allowed women to be head of household.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Assets

1995

Civil Code

08/20/1993

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Malta granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during the marriage.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Assets

1995

Civil Code

08/20/1993

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Malta granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

1995

Civil Code

08/20/1993

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Malta reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

1995

Circular from the Ministry of the Interior No. 93-77

04/19/1994

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Morocco enacted new legislation which no longer requires a married woman her husband's consent when applying for a passport.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1995

Equal Treatment Act

03/02/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The Netherlands' Equal Treatment Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

1995

Property (Relationships) Act of 1976

08/10/1993

02/01/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

New Zealand introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1995

Criminal Code

12/27/1993

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

North Macedonia equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

1995

Family Code

04/27/1994

05/17/1994

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Panama allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1995

Family Code

04/27/1994

05/17/1994

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Panama allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

1995

Family Code

04/27/1994

05/17/1994

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Panama recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1995

Judgment of the Supreme Court of Justice (Panama), 3rd Administrative and Labor Contentious, August 2, 1994

04/29/1994

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Panama removed ban on women's employment in mining and construction.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1995

Law that Modifies the Law that Establishes the Labor Code_2021

06/29/1993

10/29/1993

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Paraguay mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1995

Law that Modifies the Law that Establishes the Labor Code_2021

06/29/1993

10/29/1993

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Paraguay eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1995

Law No. 213 established the Labor Code

10/29/1993

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Paraguay allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1995

Law No. 213 established the Labor Code

10/29/1993

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Paraguay lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1995

Law No. 213 established the Labor Code

10/29/1993

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Paraguay prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1995

Law No. 26260 on Protection from Family Violence

12/08/1993

12/25/1993

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Peru enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Pension

1995

Decree-Law No. 91/2009

09/25/1993

01/01/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Portugal explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1995

Matrimonial Property Act

09/24/1993

10/06/1993

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

South Africa allowed women to be head of household.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1995

Matrimonial Property Act

09/24/1993

10/06/1993

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

South Africa granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1995

General Law Fourth Amendment Act

10/06/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

South Africa allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1995

Matrimonial Property Act

10/06/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

South Africa enacted the General Law Fourth Amendment abolishing the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1995

Matrimonial Property Act

10/06/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

South Africa enacted the General Law Fourth Amendment abolishing the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1995

Matrimonial Property Act

10/06/1993

12/01/1993

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

South Africa enacted the General Law Fourth Amendment abolishing the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Spain

High income: OECD

Pay

1995

Royal Legislative Decree 8/2015, of October 30, which approves the revised text of the General Law on Social Security.

05/19/1994

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Spain mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1995

Law on Pensions Provisions of the Republic of Tajikistan

06/25/1993

01/01/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Tajikistan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

1995

Personal Status Code

07/12/1993

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Tunisia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1995

Pension and Other Benefits Scheme Statutory Instrument No. 393 of 1993

12/24/1993

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Zimbabwe introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1995

Pension and Other Benefits Scheme Statutory Instrument No. 393 of 1993

12/24/1993

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Zimbabwe introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1995

Pension and Other Benefits Scheme Statutory Instrument No. 393 of 1993

12/24/1993

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Zimbabwe explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1996

Law No. 24.417 - Law on the Protection Against Family Violence

12/07/1994

12/28/1994

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Argentina enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1996

Constitution of the Republic of Belarus

11/11/1994

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Belarus no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1996

Royal Decree implementing Articles 15, 16 and 17 of the Law of 26 July 1996 on the modernisation of social security and ensuring the viability of statutory pension schemes.

04/03/1995

05/10/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Belgium prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1996

Labor Law of the People's Republic of China (Consolidated)

01/01/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

China prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1996

Law No. 7476/1995 - Law against Sexual Harassment in Employment and Education

03/02/1995

03/03/1995

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Costa Rica enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1996

Law No. 7476/1995 - Law against Sexual Harassment in Employment and Education

03/02/1995

03/03/1995

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Costa Rica adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1996

Law No. 2/1943 Labor Code

04/19/1995

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Costa Rica explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Law No. 95-15 of January 12, 1995 Establishing the Labor Code

01/12/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Côte d'Ivoire prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1996

Law No. 95-15 of January 12, 1995 Establishing the Labor Code

01/12/1995

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Côte d'Ivoire mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Law No. 95-15 of January 12, 1995 Establishing the Labor Code

01/12/1995

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Côte d'Ivoire began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1996

Law No. 95-15 of January 12, 1995 Establishing the Labor Code

01/12/1995

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1996

Law No. 95-15 of January 12, 1995 Establishing the Labor Code

01/12/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Côte d'Ivoire prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

1996

Labor Law

05/17/1995

01/01/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Croatia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1996

Labor Act (No. 758/95)

05/17/1995

01/01/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Croatia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

1996

Violence in the Family (Prevention and Protection of Victims) Law of 1994 (47(I)/1994)

06/17/1994

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Cyprus enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

1996

Penal Code

01/05/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Djibouti's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Act No. 3/94 of 21 November 1994 on the Labor Code

11/21/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Gabon prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1996

Act No. 3/94 of 21 November 1994 on the Labor Code

11/21/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Gabon prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Germany

High income: OECD

Workplace

1996

Act to establish equality for men and women of 1994

06/24/1994

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Germany prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

India

South Asia

Assets

1996

The Hindu Succession Act

06/22/1994

06/26/1994

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

India reformed the Hindu Succession Act, equalizing inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

India

South Asia

Assets

1996

The Hindu Succession Act

06/22/1994

06/26/1994

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

India reformed the Hindu Succession Act, equalizing inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1996

Decree No. 24/PR of the President of the Republic, dated 21 April 1994 promulgating Act No. 002/NA of 14 March 1994 concerning labour

04/21/1994

06/11/1994

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Lao PDR prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pension

1996

Law on State Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania

07/18/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Lithuania no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pension

1996

Law on State Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania

07/18/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Lithuania explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1996

Social Security Code

08/11/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Madagascar explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

1996

Domestic Violence Act 1994

07/07/1994

06/01/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Malaysia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Social Security Act 34 of 1994

11/30/1994

01/15/1995

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Namibia began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Norway

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1996

National Insurance Act

05/27/1995

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Norway introduced paid paternity leave.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1996

Supreme Court Decision of July 12 of 1994 - Action of Unconstitutionality formulated by Lcda. MariBlanca against Art. 31 of Commercial Code.; Supreme Court of Justice - October 1994 - Action of Unconstitutionality formulated by Lcda. Mill against Arts. 1, 2, and 57 of the Commercial Code

10/17/1994

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Panama allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1996

Family Code

10/17/1994

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Panama allowed women to register a business in the same way as men.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1996

Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (Republic Act No. 7877)

02/14/1995

03/05/1995

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Philippines enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1996

Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (Republic Act No. 7877)

02/14/1995

03/05/1995

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Philippines adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Marriage

1996

Penal Code

03/15/1995

10/01/1995

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Portugal enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1996

Employment Act

02/28/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Seychelles prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Employment Act

04/03/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Seychelles prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1996

Employment (Conditions of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations, 2018

04/03/1995

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Seychelles increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Spain

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1996

Royal Legislative Decree 1/1995, of March 24, approving the revised text of the Workers' Statute Law

03/24/1995

05/01/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Spain prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1996

Domestic Violence (Summary Proceedings) Act

04/20/1995

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

St. Lucia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1996

National Insurance (Benefits) Regulations

08/23/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

St. Vincent and the Grenadines explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1996

Federal Act on Gender Equality

03/24/1995

06/30/1996

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Switzerland enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1996

Federal Act on Gender Equality

03/24/1995

06/30/1996

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Switzerland enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Pay

1996

Federal Act on Gender Equality

03/24/1995

06/30/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Switzerland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Workplace

1996

Federal Act on Gender Equality

03/24/1995

06/30/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Switzerland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

United States

High income: OECD

Marriage

1996

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

09/13/1994

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

United States enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1996

Law No. 938-XII of 3 September 1993 On State Pensions

09/03/1993

07/01/1994

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Uzbekistan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1996

Labour Code 1994

06/23/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Viet Nam prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1996

Labour Code 1994

06/23/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Viet Nam increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1996

Labour Code 1994

06/23/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Viet Nam began administering maternity benefits through its social insurance system.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1996

Penal Code

06/23/1994

01/01/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Viet Nam prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Yemen, Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1996

Labor Code

03/09/1995

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Republic of Yemen set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Yemen, Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

1996

Labor Code

03/09/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Republic of Yemen prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1997

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

07/07/1995

07/27/1995

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Albania no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1997

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

07/12/1995

07/27/1995

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Albania adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1997

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

07/12/1995

07/27/1995

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Albania enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1997

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

07/12/1995

07/27/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Albania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1997

Law on State Pensions

12/06/1995

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Armenia no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Law No. 1674 Against Family or Domestic Violence

12/15/1995

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bolivia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1997

Universal Pension and Orphan Care Act 1996

01/01/1996

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Botswana introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1997

Universal Pension and Orphan Care Act 1996

01/01/1996

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Botswana introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

1997

Universal Pension and Orphan Care Act 1996

01/01/1996

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Botswana introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Law No. 7586/1996 - Domestic Violence

04/10/1996

05/02/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Costa Rica enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Law No. 103 of 1995 on Violence against Women and the Family

12/11/1995

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Ecuador enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

1997

Law No. 12 of 1996 Promulgating the Child Law Amended by Law No. 126 of 2008

03/25/1996

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Egypt, Arab Rep. explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1997

Sex Discrimination Ordinance

01/01/1995

01/01/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Hong Kong SAR, China prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1997

Sex Discrimination Ordinance

05/20/1996

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Hong Kong SAR, China enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1997

Sex Discrimination Ordinance

05/20/1996

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Hong Kong SAR, China enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

1997

Sex Discrimination Ordinance

05/20/1996

12/20/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Hong Kong SAR, China introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Marriage

1997

Family Law Act

10/02/1995

08/01/1996

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Ireland revoked a constitutional ban on divorce, making the process equal for both spouses.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Marriage

1997

Family Law Act

10/02/1995

08/01/1996

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Ireland revoked a constitutional ban on divorce, allowing women and men to have the same rights to remarry.

Israel

High income: OECD

Pay

1997

Equal Pay for Female and Male Workers Law, 1996

03/21/1996

09/21/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Israel mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Italy

High income: OECD

Pension

1997

Law No 335 of 8 August 1995 - Reform of the compulsory and supplementary pension system

08/08/1995

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Italy explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Domestic Violence Act

02/27/1996

05/06/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Jamaica enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Japan

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1997

Child Care and Family Care Leave Act

06/09/1995

10/01/1995

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Japan introduced paid parental leave.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

1997

Commercial Code

08/11/1995

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Morocco allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

07/15/1996

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Namibia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Namibia allowed women to be head of household.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Namibia enacted the Married Persons Equality Act abolishing the marital power provision to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Namibia enacted the Married Persons Equality Act abolishing the marital power provision to register a business without her husband's consent.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Namibia enacted the Married Persons Equality Act abolishing the marital power provision to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Namibia introduced the Married Persons Equality Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Namibia removed the husband's marital power, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1997

Married Person Equality Act of 1996

05/20/1996

05/28/1996

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Namibia removed the husband's marital power, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Marriage

1997

Family Violence (Amendments) Act 2018

12/15/1995

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

New Zealand enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1997

Labor Code

08/12/1995

08/14/1995

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Panama enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1997

Law No. 26504 Modifies the Health Benefits Regime, the National Pension System, the Private Pension Funds and the structure of contributions to FONAVI

07/17/1995

07/18/1995

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Peru equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1997

Decree-Law No. 91/2009

06/09/1995

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Portugal increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1997

Employment (Amendment) Act 1995

11/18/1995

03/01/1996

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Singapore eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1997

Labor Relations Act

12/13/1995

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

South Africa prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Spain

High income: OECD

Pay

1997

ORGANIC Law 10/1995, of November 23, of the Penal Code.

11/08/1995

02/10/1996

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Spain allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Spain

High income: OECD

Pay

1997

ORGANIC Law 10/1995, of November 23, of the Penal Code.

11/08/1995

02/10/1996

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Spain removed restrictions on women's employment in industrial undertakings.

Spain

High income: OECD

Marriage

1997

ORGANIC Law 1/2004, of December 28, of Integral Protection Measures against Gender Violence.

11/23/1995

05/25/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Spain enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Spain

High income: OECD

Workplace

1997

ORGANIC Law 10/1995, of November 23, of the Penal Code.

11/23/1995

05/24/1996

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Spain enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Spain

High income: OECD

Workplace

1997

ORGANIC Law 10/1995, of November 23, of the Penal Code.

11/23/1995

05/24/1996

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Spain adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Sri Lanka

South Asia

Workplace

1997

Penal Code

10/31/1995

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Sri Lanka enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Sri Lanka

South Asia

Workplace

1997

Penal Code

10/31/1995

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Sri Lanka adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Domestic Violence Act 2015

10/17/1995

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

St. Vincent and the Grenadines enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Pension

1997

Pensions Act 1995

07/19/1995

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The United Kingdom equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1997

Law No. 17.514 - Domestic Violence

07/12/1995

07/19/1995

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Uruguay enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1997

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

12/21/1995

04/01/1996

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Uzbekistan no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

1997

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

12/21/1995

04/01/1996

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Uzbekistan lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1997

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

12/21/1995

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Uzbekistan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1997

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

12/21/1995

04/01/1996

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Uzbekistan introduced paid parental leave.

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Divorce Act

03/11/1997

05/01/1997

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Antigua and Barbuda allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Australia

High income: OECD

Pay

1998

Workplace Relations Act 1996

11/25/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Australia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Australia

High income: OECD

Workplace

1998

Anti-Discrimination Amendment Act 1997

05/20/1997

09/04/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Australia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Marriage

1998

Federal Law on protection against violence in the family - GeSchG

12/30/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Austria enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Labor Law

12/23/1996

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Belgium equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Protection Against Sexual Harassment Act Chapter 107

08/12/1996

10/01/1996

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Belize enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Protection Against Sexual Harassment Act Chapter 107

08/12/1996

10/01/1996

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Belize enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1998

Labor Law

03/13/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Cambodia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1998

The Labor Law

03/13/1997

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Cambodia lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1998

Labor Law

03/13/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Cambodia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1998

Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 on the Labor Code

12/11/1996

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Chad prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1998

Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 on the Labor Code

12/11/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Chad mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1998

Act No. 038/PR/96 of 11 December 1996 on the Labor Code

12/11/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Chad prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Law No. 294 of 1996 Prevention of intrafamiliar violence

07/16/1996

07/22/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Colombia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Law No. 24-97 on Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence

01/27/1997

01/28/1997

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Dominican Republic enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Law No. 24-97 on Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence

01/27/1997

01/28/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Dominican Republic adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Domestic Violence Act

12/20/1996

12/28/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

El Salvador enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1998

Pension Savings System Act

12/20/1996

12/28/1996

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

El Salvador explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Penal Code

04/26/1997

06/10/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

El Salvador enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Penal Code

04/26/1997

06/10/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

El Salvador adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Decree No. 97-1996 Law to prevent, sanction and erradicate intrafamily violence

11/25/1996

11/29/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Guatemala enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Domestic Violence Act

12/31/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Guyana enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

1998

Decree 144-83, Penal Code

10/31/1996

02/28/1997

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Honduras enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Decree 144-83, Penal Code

05/08/1997

06/10/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Honduras enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Decree 144-83, Penal Code

05/08/1997

06/10/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Honduras adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Assets

1998

Family Law (Divorce) Act

11/27/1996

02/27/1997

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Ireland passed the Family Law (Divorce) Act, explicitly recognizing the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Workplace

1998

Labor Standards Act

03/13/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Republic of Korea prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1998

Labor Law

06/19/1996

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kosovo equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Law on State Pensions

11/06/1996

12/10/1996

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Latvia equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Law on State Pensions

11/06/1996

12/10/1996

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Latvia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Law on State Pensions

11/06/1996

12/10/1996

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Latvia no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Law on State Pensions

11/06/1996

12/10/1996

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Latvia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1998

Protection from Domestic Violence Act

05/27/1997

08/15/1997

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Mauritius enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1998

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

03/04/1997

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Moldova no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Labor Code

09/05/1996

10/30/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Nicaragua prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1998

Law No. 2012-45 on the Labor Code

06/29/1996

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Niger prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1998

Law No. 2012-45 on the Labor Code

06/29/1996

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Niger mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1998

Law No. 2012-45 on the Labor Code

06/29/1996

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Niger prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

1998

Supreme Decree No. 003-97-TR Labor Productivity and Competitiveness Law

03/21/1997

03/28/1997

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Peru equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1998

Supreme Decree No. 003-97-TR Labor Productivity and Competitiveness Law

03/21/1997

03/28/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Peru prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1998

Law No. 26772 provides that offers of employment and access to educational training may not contain requirements that constitute discrimination, annulment or alteration of equal opportunities or treatment

03/26/1997

04/17/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Peru prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1998

Paternity Leave Act of 1996 (Republic Act No. 8187)

06/11/1996

07/07/1996

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Philippines introduced paid paternity leave.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1998

Labor Code of 1996

06/19/1996

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Serbia equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

1998

Women’s Charter

08/27/1996

05/01/1997

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Singapore recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1998

Mine Health and Safety Act No. 29 of 1996

06/14/1996

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

South Africa eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1998

Labour Act 1997

01/01/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

South Sudan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1998

Labour Act 1997

01/01/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Sudan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Pension

1998

Federal Act on Gender Equality

10/06/1994

12/31/1996

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Switzerland explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

1998

Labor Standards Act

06/22/1996

07/01/1996

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Taiwan, China lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

1998

Labor Code of the Republic of Tajikistan

05/15/1997

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Tajikistan mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

1998

Labor Code of the Republic of Tajikistan

05/15/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Tajikistan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

1998

Labor Code of the Republic of Tajikistan

05/15/1997

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Tajikistan introduced paid parental leave.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Marriage

1998

Family Law Act of 1996

07/04/1996

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The United Kingdom enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1999

Royal Decree on the introduction of a right to parental leave in the context of a career break

10/29/1997

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Belgium introduced paid parental leave.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1999

Act No. 98-004 of 27 January 1998 on the Labor Code.

01/27/1998

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Benin mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

1999

Act No. 98-004 of 27 January 1998 on the Labor Code.

01/27/1998

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Benin lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1999

Act No. 98-004 of 27 January 1998 on the Labor Code.

01/27/1998

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Benin prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1999

Civil Code

06/30/1997

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Cabo Verde gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1999

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

11/11/1997

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Central African Republic granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

1999

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

11/11/1997

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Central African Republic granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

1999

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

11/11/1997

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Central African Republic introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without the representation of her husband.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1999

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

11/11/1997

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The Central African Republic allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

1999

Law No. 10.001 of 6 January 2010 on the Central African Republic Penal Code\

11/11/1997

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

The Central African Republic gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Workplace

1999

Act No. 213 of 1998, Act on Equal Treatment of Men and Women as regards Access to Employment and Maternity Leave

04/03/1998

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Denmark prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Germany

High income: OECD

Marriage

1999

German Civil Code

05/04/1998

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Germany gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1999

Termination of Employment and Severance Pay Act

08/07/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Guyana prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1999

Prevention of Discrimination Act

10/13/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Guyana enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1999

Prevention of Discrimination Act

10/13/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Guyana adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

1999

Prevention of Discrimination Act

10/13/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Guyana introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

1999

Prevention of Discrimination Act

10/13/1997

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Guyana mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Guyana

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1999

Prevention of Discrimination Act

10/13/1997

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Guyana prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

1999

Paternity Leave and Benefit Act

12/09/1997

01/01/1998

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Iceland introduced paid paternity leave.

India

South Asia

Workplace

1999

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act

08/13/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

India enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

India

South Asia

Workplace

1999

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act

08/13/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

India adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1999

Indonesian Labor Law (No.13/2003)

10/03/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Indonesia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Israel

High income: OECD

Workplace

1999

Prevention of Sexual Harassment Law 5758-1998

03/01/1998

09/01/1998

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Israel enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Israel

High income: OECD

Workplace

1999

Prevention of Sexual Harassment Law 5758-1998

03/01/1998

09/01/1998

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Israel adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Marriage

1999

Act on special cases concerning the punishment, etc. of crimes of domestic violence

12/13/1997

07/01/1998

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Republic of Korea enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1999

Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic

09/18/1997

10/01/1997

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kyrgyz Republic no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

1999

Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic

09/18/1997

10/01/1997

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Kyrgyz Republic explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1999

Penal Code

10/26/1997

11/26/1997

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Paraguay enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

1999

Penal Code

10/26/1997

11/26/1997

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Paraguay adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Poland

High income: OECD

Marriage

1999

Act of 29 July 2005 on Counteracting Domestic Violence

06/06/1997

09/01/1998

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Poland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1999

Basic Conditions of Employment Act

11/26/1997

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

South Africa introduced paid paternity leave.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

1999

Basic Conditions of Employment Act

12/05/1997

03/21/1998

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

South Africa increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1999

Sexual Offences Special Provisions Act 1998

04/21/1998

07/01/1998

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Tanzania enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

1999

Sexual Offences Special Provisions Act 1998

04/21/1998

07/01/1998

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Tanzania adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

1999

Labor Protection Act (No. 7) B.E. 2562 (2019)

02/28/1998

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Thailand prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

1999

Labour Code of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste

10/03/1997

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Timor-Leste prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

1999

Labor Law

06/10/1997

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Venezuela, RB increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Pension

2000

Labor Code

01/11/1999

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Afghanistan equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Parenthood

2000

Labour Law of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

01/11/1999

Negative

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Afghanistan no longer prohibits the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2000

Domestic Violence Act 2015 (No. 27 of 2015)

02/18/1999

02/25/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Antigua and Barbuda enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Law on equal treatment between men and women with regard to working conditions, access to employment and opportunities for promotion, access to a self-employed profession and supplementary social security schemes

05/07/1999

06/19/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Belgium prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2000

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

07/23/1998

07/31/1998

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Bosnia and Herzegovina equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2000

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

07/23/1998

07/31/1998

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Bosnia and Herzegovina equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2000

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

07/23/1998

07/31/1998

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Bosnia and Herzegovina no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2000

Decree-Law No. 5452/1943 - Consolidation of Brazilian Labor Laws

05/26/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Brazil prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2000

Decree No. 3048/1999 - Social Security Regulation

05/31/1999

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Brazil explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Law No. 81-640 Of July 31, 1981 Establishing the Penal Code

12/23/1998

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Côte d'Ivoire enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Law No. 81-640 Of July 31, 1981 Establishing the Penal Code

12/23/1998

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Côte d'Ivoire adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2000

Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador

06/05/1998

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Ecuador mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2000

Penal Code of 1971

07/21/1998

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Ecuador enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2000

Penal Code of 1971

07/21/1998

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Ecuador adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2000

Human Rights Commission Act 1999

03/09/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Fiji enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2000

Human Rights Commission Act 1999

03/09/1999

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Fiji enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Finland

High income: OECD

Marriage

2000

Act on Restraining Orders

12/04/1998

01/01/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Finland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2000

Decree-Law No. 106 Civil Code

11/19/1998

01/01/1999

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Guatemala granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2000

Decree-Law No. 106 Civil Code

11/19/1998

01/01/1999

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Guatemala granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Employment Equality Act

06/18/1998

10/19/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Ireland enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Employment Equality Act

06/18/1998

10/19/1999

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Ireland adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Sexual Equality Employment Act

02/08/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Republic of Korea enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

12/01/1998

03/01/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Lithuania enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pay

2000

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

12/01/1998

03/01/1999

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Lithuania mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2000

Law of 12 February 1999 concerning the implementation of the national action plan for employment 1998

01/01/1991

03/02/1999

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Luxembourg introduced paid parental leave.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Criminal Code

08/18/1998

08/22/1998

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Mauritius enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Criminal Code

08/18/1998

08/22/1998

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Mauritius adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2000

Law on State Pension System

10/14/1998

01/01/1999

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Moldova explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Workplace

2000

Working Conditions Act

03/18/1999

03/29/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Netherlands enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2000

Law No. 1.334/98 on Consumer and User Protection

10/27/1998

10/30/1998

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Paraguay introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2000

Consumer Protection and Defense Code

12/28/1998

12/31/1998

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Peru's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pension

2000

Act of 17 December 1998 on Old-Age and Disability Pensions from Social Insurance

12/17/1998

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Poland no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2000

Penal Code

01/29/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Senegal enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Penal Code

01/29/1999

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Senegal enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Penal Code

01/29/1999

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Senegal adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2000

Employment Equity Amendment Act

10/19/1998

12/01/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

South Africa prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2000

Domestic Violence Act

11/20/1998

12/15/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

South Africa enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Pension

2000

Act on Income-based Old-Age Pensions

06/11/1998

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Sweden explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Marriage

2000

Swiss Civil Code (Civil status, marriage, divorce, Child rights, duty to provide support to relatives, Homesteads, guardianship, marriage brokerage)

06/26/1998

01/01/2000

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Switzerland gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

2000

Civil Code

06/17/1998

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Taiwan, China reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2000

Presidential Order No. 8700121300

06/17/1998

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Taiwan, China removed restrictions on women's ability to remarry.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2000

Domestic Violence Prevention Act

06/24/1998

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Taiwan, China enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2000

Labor Protection Act B.E. 2541

02/12/1998

08/11/1998

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Thailand prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2000

Social Security Act B.E. 2533 (1990)

03/31/1999

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Thailand introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2000

Social Security Act B.E. 2533 (1990)

03/31/1999

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Thailand introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2000

Law on Pensions and Social Security

02/16/1999

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The United Arab Emirates introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2000

Law on Pensions and Social Security

02/16/1999

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

The United Arab Emirates introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2000

Law on Pensions and Social Security

02/16/1999

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The United Arab Emirates explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2000

Law on Violence against Women and the Family

09/03/1998

01/01/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Venezuela, RB enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2000

Prevention of Discrimination Act

01/29/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Zimbabwe introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2001

General Labour Law No. 2/00 of 11 February 2000

02/11/2000

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Angola mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2001

General Labour Law No. 2/00 of 11 February 2000

02/11/2000

04/11/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Angola prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2001

Labor Code of the Azerbaijan Republic

02/01/1999

07/01/1999

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Azerbaijan introduced paid parental leave.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2001

Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus

07/26/1999

01/01/2000

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Belarus lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2001

Labor Law of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

10/27/1999

11/04/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Bosnia and Herzegovina prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2001

Labor Law of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

10/27/1999

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Bosnia and Herzegovina introduced paid paternity leave.

Brunei Darussalam

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2001

Married Women Act

07/07/1999

08/01/1999

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Brunei Darussalam enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act No. 388 of 2000 on Equality Between Women and Men

05/30/2000

06/01/2000

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Denmark enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act No. 388 of 2000 on Equality Between Women and Men

05/30/2000

06/01/2000

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Denmark enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2001

Act No. 14 of 1999

07/02/1999

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Grenada mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2001

Act No. 14 of 1999

07/02/1999

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Grenada eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Act No. 14 of 1999

07/02/1999

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Grenada prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Decree No. 27-99 amended Civil Code

08/30/1999

08/31/1999

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Guatemala allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Law on Equality of Opportunities for Women

04/28/2000

05/22/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Honduras prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men

05/01/2000

06/06/2000

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Iceland enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights of Women and Men

05/01/2000

06/06/2000

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Iceland adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2001

Equal Status Act

04/26/2000

10/25/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Ireland's Equal Status Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Israel

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2001

Prohibition of Discrimination in Products, Services and Entry into Places of Entertainment and Public Places Law, 5761-2000

05/15/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Israel made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2001

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

12/10/1999

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Kazakhstan lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2001

Labour Code of the Kazakh SSR of 21 July 1972

12/10/1999

01/01/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kazakhstan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Lebanon

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2001

Labor Code

05/26/2000

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Lebanon prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Lebanon

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2001

Labor Code

05/26/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Lebanon prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act of 26 May 2000 on Protection against Sexual Harassment in Labor Relations

05/26/2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Luxembourg enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Workplace

2001

Act of 26 May 2000 on Protection against Sexual Harassment in Labor Relations

05/26/2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Luxembourg enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2001

Employment Act

05/14/2000

09/01/2000

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Malawi mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2001

Employment Act

05/14/2000

09/01/2000

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Malawi eliminated restrictions on women's employment in certain industries.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2001

Employment Act

05/14/2000

09/01/2000

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Malawi eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2001

Employment Act

05/14/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Malawi prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2001

Law No. 99-41 of 12 August 1999 on the Social Security Code

08/12/1999

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Mali explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2001

Civil Code for the Federal District

05/25/2000

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Mexico gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2001

Civil Code for the Federal District

05/25/2000

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Mexico recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2001

Decree-Law No. 91/2009

08/31/1999

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Portugal introduced paid paternity leave.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2001

Law No. 210 of 31 December 1999 on Parental Leave

12/15/1999

12/31/1999

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Romania introduced paid parental leave.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2001

Law No. 210 of 31 December 1999 on Parental Leave

12/15/1999

12/31/1999

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Romania introduced paid paternity leave.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2001

Law No. 22 of 1999 amended Civil Code

11/12/1999

11/15/1999

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Rwanda reformed its Civil Code, equalizing inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2001

Law No. 22 of 1999 amended Civil Code

11/12/1999

11/15/1999

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Rwanda reformed its Civil Code, equalizing inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2001

Law No. 22 of 1999 amended Civil Code

11/12/1999

11/15/1999

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Rwanda reformed its Civil Code, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2001

Family Violence (Protection of Victims) Act, 2000

03/23/2000

05/01/2000

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Seychelles enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2001

The Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act of 2000

02/02/2000

09/01/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

South Africa introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

St. Kitts and Nevis

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2001

Domestic Violence Act

01/11/2000

04/03/2004

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

St. Kitts and Nevis enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2001

Equality of Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation Act

03/07/2000

04/01/2000

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

St. Lucia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Equality of Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation Act

03/07/2000

04/01/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

St. Lucia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2001

Equality of Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation Act

03/07/2000

04/01/2000

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

St. Lucia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Equality of Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation Act

04/01/2000

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

St. Lucia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2001

Equality of Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation Act

04/01/2000

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

St. Lucia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2001

The Maternity and Parental Leave Regulations 1999

12/10/1999

12/15/1999

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The United Kingdom prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2001

Labor Law No. (7) of 2000

04/30/2000

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

West Bank and Gaza prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2002

Social Security Act

11/28/2000

01/01/2001

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Belize increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2002

Supreme Court of Judicature Act

02/23/2001

03/01/2001

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Belize reformed its Supreme Court of Judicature Act to recognize the value of nonmonetary contributions, including "any contribution made in the capacity of housewife, homemaker or parent."

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2002

Supreme Decree No. 25851 Pensions Law

07/21/2000

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Bolivia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2002

Decree-Law No. 2848/1940 - Criminal Code

05/15/2001

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Brazil adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2002

Decree-Law No. 2848/1940 - Criminal Code

05/15/2001

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Brazil enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Brunei Darussalam

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2002

Islamic Family Law

03/26/2001

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Brunei Darussalam recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2002

Labor Code

03/16/2001

03/31/2001

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Bulgaria mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2002

Labor Code

03/16/2001

03/31/2001

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Bulgaria introduced paid parental leave.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2002

Law No. 84 Civil Code

10/25/2000

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Colombia gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2002

Egypt’s Supreme Constitutional Court’s Decision No. 243 for Judicial Year No. 21

11/04/2000

Positive

Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?

Egypt, Arab Rep.'s Constitutional Court Decision removed restriction for a married woman to travel abroad without her husband's permission.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2002

Revised Family Code Proclamation of 2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Ethiopia no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2002

Revised Family Code Proclamation

07/04/2000

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Ethiopia enacted a law that allowed women to be recognized as the head of household in the same way as men.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2002

Revised Family Code Proclamation of 2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Ethiopia introduced the Revised Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2002

Revised Family Code Proclamation of 2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Ethiopia's revised Family Code granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2002

Revised Family Code Proclamation of 2000

07/04/2000

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Ethiopia's revised Family Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

France

High income: OECD

Pay

2002

Labor Code

05/09/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

France eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Italy

High income: OECD

Pay

2002

Legislative Decree no. 198 of 11 April 2006 "Code of equal opportunities for men and women, pursuant to article 6 of Law no. 246 of 28 November 2005"

03/26/2001

04/26/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Italy eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Italy

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2002

Legislative Decree 26-3-2001 no. 151 Consolidated text of the legislative provisions on the protection and support of maternity and paternity, pursuant to Article 15 of Law no. 53 of 8 March 2000.

03/26/2001

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Italy introduced paid parental leave.

Japan

High income: OECD

Marriage

2002

Act on the Prevention of Spousal Violence and the Protection of Victims

04/13/2001

10/13/2001

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Japan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2002

Decree on Social Security System for Enterprise Employees

12/23/1999

07/01/2000

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Lao PDR introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2002

Decree on Social Security System for Enterprise Employees

12/23/1999

07/01/2000

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Lao PDR introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2002

Decree on Social Security System for Enterprise Employees

12/23/1999

07/01/2000

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Lao PDR introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Workplace

2002

Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania

09/26/2000

#N/A

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Lithuania adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2002

Labor Code of the Republic of Lithuania

12/21/2000

01/01/2001

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Lithuania introduced paid parental leave.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2002

Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code

09/12/2000

11/30/2000

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Madagascar enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2002

Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code

09/12/2000

11/30/2000

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Madagascar adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2002

Employment Act

05/14/2000

09/01/2000

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Malawi prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2002

Protection of Maternity (Employment) Regulations

01/01/2001

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Malta increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2002

Law No. 1600 against domestic violence

09/21/2000

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Paraguay enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2002

Equal Opportunity Act 2000

10/20/2000

01/31/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Trinidad and Tobago's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2002

Equal Opportunity Act 2000

10/20/2000

01/31/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Trinidad and Tobago prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2003

Employment Act, Ch. 321A

12/31/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Bahamas prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Inheritance Act (No. 3 of 2002)

01/31/2002

02/01/2002

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

The Bahamas equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Bahamas, The

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Inheritance Act (No. 3 of 2002)

01/31/2002

02/01/2002

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

The Bahamas equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Brazil allowed women to be head of household.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Brazil gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Brazil granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Brazil granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Brazil introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2003

Civil Code

01/10/2002

01/12/2003

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Brazil introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Chile

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Law 19759 of 2001

09/27/2001

11/01/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Chile prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2003

Measures of Shanghai Urban Maternity Insurance

10/10/2001

11/01/2001

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

China introduced a social security system that administers maternity benefits.

Dominica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2003

Protection against Domestic Violence Act No. 22 of 2001

01/29/2002

01/31/2002

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Dominica enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Law No. 189-01 (Amendment to Civil Code on Marital Regime)

11/22/2001

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

The Dominican Republic granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2003

Law No. 189-01 (Amendment to Civil Code on Marital Regime)

11/22/2001

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

The Dominican Republic granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2003

Social Security Law

11/30/2001

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Ecuador explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2003

Labor Proclamation of Eritrea

11/15/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Eritrea allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Eritrea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2003

Labor Proclamation of Eritrea

11/15/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Eritrea lifted restrictions on women's employment in industrial jobs.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2003

Employment Contracts Act

04/04/2001

01/01/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Estonia introduced paid paternity leave.

Germany

High income: OECD

Marriage

2003

Law on civil Law protection against acts of violence and stalking (Gewaltschutzgesetz - GewSchG)

12/11/2001

01/01/2002

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Germany enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2003

Domestic Violence Act

06/12/2001

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Grenada enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

10/08/2001

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Kosovo enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

10/08/2001

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Kosovo adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2003

United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) Regulation No. 2001/27 on Essential Labor Law in Kosovo

10/08/2001

Negative

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Kosovo decreased the duration of paid maternity leave to less than 14 weeks.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2003

United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) Regulation No. 2001/27 on Essential Labor Law in Kosovo

10/08/2001

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Kosovo enacted legislation that obliges employers to share in the administration of maternity benefits.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

10/08/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kosovo prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2003

Law on Pension Funds (Amendment) No. 04/L-168 of 08 April 2013

12/22/2001

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Kosovo equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2003

Law on Pension Funds (Amendment) No. 04/L-168 of 08 April 2013

12/22/2001

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Kosovo no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2003

Law on Pension Funds (Amendment) No. 04/L-168 of 08 April 2013

12/22/2001

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Kosovo no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Labor Law

06/20/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Latvia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Pension

2003

Social Security Code

06/28/2001

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Luxembourg explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Nepal

South Asia

Assets

2003

The National Civil (Code) Act

03/14/2002

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Nepal granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Nepal

South Asia

Assets

2003

The National Civil (Code) Act

03/14/2002

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Nepal granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2003

Law No. 38 of 2001

07/10/2001

07/23/2001

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Panama enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2003

Law No. 202 of 19 April 2002 on Equal Opportunities Between Women and Men

04/19/2002

05/19/2002

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Romania mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Law No. 202 of 19 April 2002 on Equal Opportunities Between Women and Men

05/08/2002

06/07/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Romania enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Law No. 202 of 19 April 2002 on Equal Opportunities Between Women and Men

05/08/2002

06/07/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Romania adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2003

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

12/30/2001

02/01/2002

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

The Russian Federation mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Russian Federation

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2003

Labor Code of the Russian Federation

12/30/2001

02/01/2002

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Russian Federation lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2003

Law No. 51/2001 of 30/12/2001 Establishing the New Labour Code

12/30/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Rwanda allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2003

Law No. 51/2001 of 30/12/2001 Establishing the New Labour Code

12/30/2001

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Rwanda eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2003

Law No. 51/2001 of 30/12/2001 Establishing the New Labour Code

12/30/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Rwanda prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2003

Labor Law

12/12/2001

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Serbia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2003

Labor Code of 1996

12/12/2001

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Serbia introduced paid parental leave.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2003

Labor Code of 1996

12/12/2001

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Serbia introduced paid paternity leave.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2003

The National Social Security and Insurance Trust Act

08/09/2001

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Sierra Leone introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2003

The National Social Security and Insurance Trust Act

08/09/2001

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Sierra Leone introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2003

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

07/02/2001

08/08/2001

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Slovak Republic set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

07/02/2001

04/01/2002

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Slovak Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Employment Relationships Act

04/24/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Slovenia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Employment Relationships Act

04/24/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Slovenia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Pension

2003

Employment Relationships Act

04/24/2002

05/03/2002

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Slovenia no longer establishes a mandatory retirement age for women and men.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Pay

2003

Employment Relationships Act

04/24/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Slovenia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2003

Employment Relationships Act

04/24/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Slovenia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2003

Law 78 of 2001 Amending Social Security Code of 1959

12/31/2001

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Syrian Arab Republic set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2003

Legislative Decree No. 35/2002

05/13/2002

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Syrian Arab Republic increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

01/16/2002

03/08/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Taiwan, China enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

01/16/2002

03/08/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Taiwan, China enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2003

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

01/16/2002

03/08/2002

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Taiwan, China prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

01/16/2002

03/08/2002

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Taiwan, China prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2003

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

01/16/2002

03/08/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Taiwan, China introduced paid paternity leave.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Labour Code

05/01/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Timor-Leste enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Labour Code

05/01/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Timor-Leste adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2003

Labour Code of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste

05/01/2002

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Timor-Leste prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2003

Turkish Citizenship Law

11/22/2001

12/08/2001

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Turkey allowed women to be head of household.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Mobility

2003

Civil Code

11/22/2001

12/08/2001

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Turkey introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Assets

2003

Turkish Citizenship Law

11/22/2001

12/08/2001

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Turkey recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2004

Law on State Pensions

11/19/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Armenia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pay

2004

Federal Act No. 122/2002

08/01/2002

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Austria lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Workplace

2004

Law on the Welfare of Workers during the Performance of Their Work

06/11/2002

07/01/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Belgium adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Workplace

2004

Law on the Welfare of Workers during the Performance of Their Work

06/11/2002

07/01/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Belgium enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Marriage

2004

Act on the allocation of family housing to a spouse or legal cohabitant who is a victim of physical violence by his or her partner, supplementing article 410 of the Criminal Code.

01/28/2003

02/12/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Belgium enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Law No. 98-019 on the Social Security Code in the Republic of Benin

03/21/2003

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Benin enacted new legislation that obliges employers to pay a portion of maternity benefits along with the social security system.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Law on Gender Equality in Bosnia and Herzegovina

05/21/2003

06/24/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Law on Gender Equality in Bosnia and Herzegovina

05/21/2003

06/24/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bosnia and Herzegovina enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2004

Law on Gender Equality in Bosnia and Herzegovina

05/21/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Bosnia and Herzegovina mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2004

Law No. 755 of July 23 of 2002 on Paternity Leave (Ley Maria)

07/23/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Colombia introduced paid paternity leave.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2004

Act No. 02-15 of 16 October 2002 on the Labor Code

10/16/2002

10/25/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Democratic Republic of Congo enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Act No. 02-15 of 16 October 2002 on the Labor Code

10/16/2002

10/25/2002

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Democratic Republic of Congo prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Act No. 02-15 of 16 October 2002 on the Labor Code

10/16/2002

10/25/2002

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Democratic Republic of Congo increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2004

Act No. 02-15 of 16 October 2002 on the Labor Code

10/16/2002

10/25/2002

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Act No. 02-15 of 16 October 2002 on the Labor Code

10/16/2002

10/25/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Democratic Republic of Congo introduced paid paternity leave.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Equal Treatment of Men and Women in Employment and Vocational Training Law 2002 (205(I)/2002)

12/06/2002

05/01/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Cyprus adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Equal Treatment of Men and Women in Employment and Vocational Training Law 2002 (205(I)/2002)

12/06/2002

05/01/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Cyprus enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Equal Treatment of Men and Women in Employment and Vocational Training Law 2002 (205(I)/2002)

12/06/2002

05/01/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Cyprus prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2004

Labor Law No. 12 of 2003

04/07/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Egypt, Arab Rep. prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2004

Labor Law No. 12 of 2003

04/07/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Egypt, Arab Rep. prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pension

2004

State Pension Insurance Act

01/29/2003

03/10/2003

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Estonia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2004

Regulation on Protection Related to Disability, Old Age and Survival

03/13/2003

03/19/2003

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Guatemala explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2004

Indonesian Labor Law (No.13/2003)

03/25/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Indonesia allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2004

Indonesian Labor Law (No.13/2003)

03/25/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Indonesia lifted restrictions on women's employment in industrial jobs.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2004

Indonesian Labor Law (No.13/2003)

03/25/2003

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Indonesia introduced paid paternity leave.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2004

United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) Regulation No. 2003/12 on Protection against Domestic Violence

05/07/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kosovo enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities for Men and Women

01/31/2003

03/12/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Kyrgyz Republic enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2004

Family Code of Kyrgyz Republic

01/31/2003

03/12/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Kyrgyz Republic introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2004

Law on Safeguarding and Protecting Against Domestic Violence

03/25/2003

04/04/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kyrgyz Republic enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2004

Labor Law

06/20/2001

06/01/2002

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Latvia introduced paid parental leave.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2004

Labor Law

06/20/2001

06/01/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Latvia introduced paid paternity leave.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pay

2004

Labor Law

12/12/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Latvia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pay

2004

Labor Law

12/12/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Latvia eliminated the ban on women's employment in work deemed dangerous.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pay

2004

Labor Law

12/12/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Latvia eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Pay

2004

Labor Law

12/12/2002

01/01/2003

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Latvia eliminated the ban on women's employment at night.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2004

Employment and Industrial Relations Act

10/25/2002

12/02/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Malta enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2004

Employment and Industrial Relations Act

10/25/2002

12/02/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Malta adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2004

Employment and Industrial Relations Act

12/02/2002

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Malta set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2004

Employment and Industrial Relations Act

12/02/2002

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Malta mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2004

Equality for Men and Women Act

02/04/2003

12/09/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Malta introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2004

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

03/28/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Moldova mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

03/28/2003

10/01/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Moldova prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2004

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance

04/01/2003

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Montenegro no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2004

Parental Leave and Employment Protection Act 1987

03/30/2002

07/01/2002

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

New Zealand's government began administering maternity benefits.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Labour Relations Act of 4 December 2003 (Text No. 1755)

03/31/2003

04/16/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

North Macedonia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Norway

High income: OECD

Workplace

2004

Equality and Anti-Discrimination Act

06/14/2002

07/01/2002

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Norway enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Norway

High income: OECD

Workplace

2004

Equality and Anti-Discrimination Act

06/14/2002

07/01/2002

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Norway enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2004

Labor Law

04/26/2003

06/03/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Oman enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2004

Law No. 27942 Law on the Prevention and Punishment of Sexual Harassment

02/26/2003

02/27/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Peru enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2004

Law No. 27942 Law on the Prevention and Punishment of Sexual Harassment

02/26/2003

02/27/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Peru enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2004

Law No. 202 of 19 April 2002 on Equal Opportunities Between Women and Men

01/24/2003

03/01/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Romania prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2004

Labor Code of 2003

01/24/2003

03/01/2003

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Romania lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2004

Law No.217 of 22 May 2003 on Preventing and Combatting Domestic Violence

05/22/2003

08/27/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Romania enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Ministerial Order No. 3 of 13/7/2010 on determining circumstantial leaves

03/14/2003

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Rwanda introduced paid paternity leave.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2004

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance

04/01/2003

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Serbia no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2004

Women’s Charter

04/14/2003

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Singapore allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2004

Civil Code

06/26/2002

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Taiwan, China repealed provisions giving the husband sole administrative authority over marital property, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2004

Civil Code

06/26/2002

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Taiwan, China repealed provisions giving the husband sole administrative authority over marital property, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2004

Labor Act

05/22/2003

06/10/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Turkey mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2004

Labor Act

05/22/2003

06/10/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Turkey allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2004

Labor Act

05/22/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Turkey prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2004

The Paternity and Adoption Leave Regulations 2002

11/11/2002

12/08/2002

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The United Kingdom introduced paid paternity leave.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2004

Law No. 16.713 - Social Security

09/03/1995

01/01/2003

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Uruguay equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2004

Labour Relations Amendment Act

12/31/2002

03/07/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Zimbabwe prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2004

Labour Act

12/31/2002

03/07/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Zimbabwe prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2005

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

07/29/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Albania prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2005

The Civil Code of 1869

10/01/2003

11/12/2003

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Argentina amended its civil code, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2005

The Civil Code of 1869

10/01/2003

11/12/2003

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Argentina amended its civil code, granting spouses equal rights to immovable property during marriage.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2005

Protection Against Discrimination Act

09/30/2003

01/01/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Bulgaria enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2005

Protection Against Discrimination Act

09/30/2003

01/01/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bulgaria enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2005

Protection Against Discrimination Act

09/30/2003

01/01/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Bulgaria made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2005

Labor Code

01/08/2004

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Bulgaria prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Penal Code

07/21/2003

11/18/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Cabo Verde adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Penal Code

07/21/2003

11/18/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Cabo Verde enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2005

Act No. 84/VII/2011 on Gender Based Violence

11/18/2003

03/01/2004

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Cabo Verde enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2005

Penal Code

11/18/2003

07/01/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Cabo Verde's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2005

Decree-Law No. 5/2004 - Social Security

02/16/2004

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Cabo Verde explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2005

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Population and Family Planning

12/31/2003

04/15/2004

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

China increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2005

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Population and Family Planning

12/31/2003

04/15/2004

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

China introduced paid paternity leave.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2005

Law No. 114/03 on Amendments to the Labor Law

07/14/2003

07/16/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Croatia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2005

Law No. 114/03 on Amendments to the Labor Law

07/14/2003

07/16/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Croatia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2005

Law on Protection Against Domestic Violence

07/18/2003

07/30/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Croatia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Gender Equality Act

04/07/2004

05/01/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Estonia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Gender Equality Act

04/07/2004

05/01/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Estonia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Gender Equality Act

04/07/2004

05/01/2004

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Estonia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Gender Equality Act

04/07/2004

05/01/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Estonia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Marriage

2005

Civil Code

05/26/2004

01/01/2005

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

France gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2005

Law on Compulsory Insurance Pensions

07/15/2003

01/01/2004

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Georgia no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Act, 2003

10/08/2003

03/31/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Ghana enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Act, 2003

10/08/2003

03/31/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Ghana enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2005

Labor Act, 2003

10/08/2003

10/10/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Ghana prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2005

Labor Act, 2003

10/08/2003

10/10/2003

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Ghana lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Act, 2003

10/08/2003

03/31/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Ghana prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2005

Act CXXV of 2003 on Equal Treatment and Promotion of Equal Opportunity

12/22/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Hungary introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Act CXXV of 2003 on Equal Treatment and Promotion of Equal Opportunity

12/28/2003

01/27/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Hungary prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2005

Indonesian Labor Law (No.13/2003)

06/25/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Indonesia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Israel

High income: OECD

Pension

2005

Retirement Age Law, 2004

01/18/2004

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Israel set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2005

Act on Equal Employment and Support for Work-Family Reconciliation

09/15/2003

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Republic of Korea increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2005

Act on Equal Employment and Support for Work-Family Reconciliation

09/15/2003

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The Republic of Korea introduced paid parental leave.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2005

Law on Inheritance

02/19/2004

06/02/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Kosovo introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2005

Labor Law

02/19/2004

06/07/2004

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Kosovo mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2005

Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic

05/25/2004

08/04/2004

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Kyrgyz Republic lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Labor Law

04/22/2004

05/08/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Latvia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Labor Law

04/22/2004

05/08/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Latvia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

10/14/2003

11/05/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Lithuania lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

10/14/2003

11/05/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Lithuania eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

10/14/2003

11/05/2003

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Lithuania lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Marriage

2005

Domestic Violence Act of 8 September 2003

09/08/2003

10/07/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Luxembourg enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2005

Labor Law

07/09/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Montenegro prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Morocco enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Morocco adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Morocco mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Morocco increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Morocco lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2005

Labor Code

09/11/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Morocco prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2005

Law No. 24-03 amended Penal Code

11/11/2003

01/15/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Morocco amended its Penal Code that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2005

Family Code

02/03/2004

02/05/2004

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Morocco allowed women to be head of household.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2005

Family Code

02/03/2004

02/05/2004

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Morocco no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2005

Combating of Domestic Violence Act, 2003

07/25/2003

11/17/2003

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Namibia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Penal Code of Niger (2003) as amended by Law No. 2008-18

06/13/2003

04/07/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Niger enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2005

Penal Code of Niger (2003) as amended by Law No. 2008-18

06/13/2003

04/07/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Niger adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2005

Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004 (Republic Act No. 9262)

03/08/2004

03/27/2004

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Philippines enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Law No. 99/2003 Approving the Labor Code

08/06/2003

08/27/2003

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Portugal prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Labor Code

08/27/2003

12/01/2003

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Portugal enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Workplace

2005

Labor Code

08/27/2003

12/01/2003

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Portugal enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Labor Code

08/27/2003

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Portugal removed restrictions on women's employment in industrial undertakings.

Qatar

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2005

Law No. (14) of 2004 promulgating the Labor Law

05/19/2004

Negative

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Qatar prohibited women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

06/01/2003

05/01/2004

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Slovak Republic eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pay

2005

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

06/01/2003

05/01/2004

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Slovak Republic lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2005

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

11/27/2003

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2005

Law No. 365/2004 Anti-Discrimination Act

05/20/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Slovak Republic introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2005

Parental Protection and Family Benefits Act

07/10/2003

08/04/2003

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Slovenia introduced paid parental leave.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2005

Parental Protection and Family Benefits Act

07/10/2003

08/04/2003

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Slovenia introduced paid paternity leave.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2005

Principle of Equal Treatment Act

04/30/2004

05/06/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Slovenia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2005

Protection of Employment Act

08/21/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

St. Vincent and the Grenadines prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2005

Commercial Companies Act

03/02/2004

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste enacted the Commercial Companies Act allowing a woman to register a business in the same way as a man without her husband 's consent.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2005

Occupational Safety and Health Act (Cap. 88:08)

01/13/2004

01/30/2004

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Trinidad and Tobago eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2005

Labor Act

05/22/2003

06/22/2003

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Turkey prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2005

Labor Act

05/22/2003

06/10/2003

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Turkey increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 04-15 of November 10, 2004 Amending and Supplementing Ordinance No. 66-156 of June 8, 1966 on the Penal Code

11/10/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Algeria adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 04-15 of November 10, 2004 Amending and Supplementing Ordinance No. 66-156 of June 8, 1966 on the Penal Code

11/10/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Algeria enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2006

Family Code

02/06/2005

02/07/2005

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Algeria repealed a law that once mandated wives to obey their husbands.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2006

Ordinance n ° 05-02 of February 27, 2005 amending and supplementing Law n ° 84-11 of June 9, 1984 on the family code

02/27/2005

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Algeria no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2006

Ordinance n ° 05-02 of February 27, 2005 amending and supplementing Law n ° 84-11 of June 9, 1984 on the family code

02/27/2005

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

Algeria reformed its Family Code allowing a woman to leave the marital home without her husband's permission.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Labor Code

11/09/2004

06/21/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Armenia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2006

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

11/09/2004

06/21/2005

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Armenia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2006

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

11/09/2004

06/21/2005

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Armenia eliminated all restrictions on women's employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2006

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

11/09/2004

06/21/2005

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Armenia lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pension

2006

Federal Act of 9 September 1955 on General Social Insurance

12/15/2004

01/01/2005

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Austria explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

06/14/2004

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Benin allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Benin allowed women to be head of household.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Benin introduced a Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Benin's new Family and Personal Code equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Benin's new Family and Personal Code equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Benin's new Family and Personal Code granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Law No. 2002 - 07 on the Persons and Family Code

08/24/2004

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Benin's new Family and Personal Code granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2006

Law on Protection from Domestic Violence in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

03/29/2005

04/07/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bosnia and Herzegovina enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Botswana abolished its marital power provision allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Botswana abolished its marital power provision allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Botswana abolished its marital power provision allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Botswana abolished marital power, granting spouses equal administrative authority over assets during the marriage.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Botswana allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Botswana allowed women to be head of household.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Botswana granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2006

Abolition of Marital Power Act

05/01/2005

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Botswana introduced new legislation abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2006

Labor Code

06/18/2004

08/01/2004

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Bulgaria lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2006

Protection Against Domestic Violence Act

03/29/2005

04/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bulgaria enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 033-2004 Labor Code of Burkina Faso

09/14/2004

10/29/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Burkina Faso adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 033-2004 Labor Code of Burkina Faso

09/14/2004

10/29/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Burkina Faso enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Chile

High income: OECD

Workplace

2006

Law No. 20005 - Sexual Harassment

03/08/2005

03/18/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Chile enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2006

Criminal Code of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

05/09/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Ethiopia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Finland

High income: OECD

Pension

2006

Employee Pensions Act 2006

06/27/2003

01/01/2005

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Finland explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Finland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2006

Act on Equality between Men and Women

04/14/2005

06/01/2005

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Finland enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Finland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2006

Act on Equality between Men and Women

04/14/2005

06/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Finland enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2006

Law No. 23/2004 Regarding Elimination of Violence in Household

09/22/2004

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Indonesia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Italy

High income: OECD

Workplace

2006

Legislative Decree no. 145 of 30 May 2005

05/20/2005

08/11/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Italy enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Marriage

2006

Civil Act of 1958

03/31/2005

01/01/2008

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

The Republic of Korea allowed women to be head of household.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Marriage

2006

Civil Act of 1958

03/31/2005

01/01/2008

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

The Republic of Korea gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Labor Code of Kyrgyz Republic

08/04/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kyrgyz Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2006

Law on Development and Protection of Women 2004

10/22/2004

02/13/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Lao PDR enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2006

Old Age Pension (Pensions) Act 2005

03/16/2005

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Lesotho introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2006

Old Age Pension (Pensions) Act 2005

03/16/2005

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Lesotho introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2006

Old Age Pension (Pensions) Act 2005

03/16/2005

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Lesotho introduced an old-age pension system that explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Pension

2006

Law on State Social Insurance Pensions of the Republic of Lithuania

11/18/2003

07/01/2004

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Lithuania set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2006

Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Republic of Lithuania

12/13/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Lithuania introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2006

Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code

07/28/2004

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Madagascar lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Law No. 2003-44 establishing the Labor Code

07/28/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Madagascar prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2006

Equal Treatment in Employment Regulations

11/05/2004

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Malta prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2006

Labor Code

09/11/2003

11/06/2004

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Morocco prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Mozambique allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2006

The Civil Code of 1966

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Mozambique allowed women to be head of household.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2006

The Civil Code of 1966

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Mozambique gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Mozambique granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Mozambique introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Mozambique introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Mozambique introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2006

Family Law No. 10/2004

08/25/2004

02/25/2005

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Mozambique introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to sign a legally biding contract without her husband's consent.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2006

Law No. 11 of 2005 on prohibiting labor discrimination

04/22/2005

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Panama prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Labor Law

03/15/2005

03/23/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Serbia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Labor Law

03/15/2005

03/23/2005

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Serbia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2006

Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights for Men and Women and Equal Opportunities for their Implementation

03/01/2005

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Tajikistan introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2006

Employment and Labor Relations Act 2004

06/04/2004

06/29/2004

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Tanzania prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2006

Employment and Labor Relations Act 2004

06/04/2004

06/29/2004

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Tanzania mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2006

Employment and Labor Relations Act 2004

06/04/2004

06/29/2004

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Tanzania began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2006

Employment and Labor Relations Act 2004

06/04/2004

06/29/2004

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Tanzania introduced paid paternity leave.

Tanzania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2006

Employment and Labor Relations Act 2004

01/23/2005

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Tanzania prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Penal Code

09/26/2004

10/02/2004

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Turkey enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2006

Law to Protect Family and Prevent Violence Against Women

09/26/2004

04/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Turkey enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2006

Penal Code

09/26/2004

10/02/2004

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Turkey adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2007

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

10/24/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Armenia introduced paid parental leave.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2007

Law on Labor Pensions

02/07/2006

01/01/2006

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Azerbaijan no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2007

Law on Labor Pensions

02/07/2006

01/01/2006

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Azerbaijan no longer accounts for periods of care in the calculation of pension benefits.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2007

Law No. 21 of 2015, amending Passport Law No. 11 of 1975

07/13/2005

07/14/2005

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Bahrain amended its Passport Law which no longer requires a married woman her husband's consent when applying for a passport.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2007

Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and the Protection of Victims

10/24/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Cambodia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Chile

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Ordinance Nº 3846-104 of 2005

09/05/2005

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Chile introduced paid paternity leave.

Chile

High income: OECD

Marriage

2007

Law No. 20066 - Intrafamiliar Violence Law

09/22/2005

10/07/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Chile enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2007

Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests of the People's Republic of China

08/28/2005

12/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

China enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2007

Law No. 1010 of 2006 on Sexual Harassment in Employment

01/23/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Colombia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2007

Law No. 1010 of 2006 on Sexual Harassment in Employment

01/23/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Colombia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Marriage

2007

Domestic Violence Act

04/14/2006

01/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Czech Republic enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2007

Labor Code

01/28/2006

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Djibouti mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2007

Labor Code

01/28/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Djibouti prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2007

Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador

12/16/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Ecuador introduced paid paternity leave.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2007

Decree No. 776 Law on Consumer Protection

08/18/2005

10/08/2005

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

El Salvador enacted a new Consumer Protection Law that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2007

Family Law Act 2003

11/01/2005

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Fiji recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

France

High income: OECD

Marriage

2007

Act No. 2010-769 of 9 July 2010 on violence specifically against women, violence within couples and its impact on children

04/04/2006

04/05/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

France enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2007

Law of Georgia on Elimination of Domestic Violence, Protection and Support of Victims of Domestic Violence

05/25/2006

06/09/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Georgia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2007

Labor Code of Georgia

05/26/2006

06/10/2006

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Georgia allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2007

Labor Code of Georgia

05/26/2006

06/10/2006

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Georgia eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2007

Labor Code of Georgia

05/26/2006

06/10/2006

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Georgia lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Germany

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Expense Compensation Act

12/22/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Germany began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

India

South Asia

Marriage

2007

The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act

09/13/2005

10/26/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

India enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Israel

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Women's Employment Act

02/23/2005

06/06/2005

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Israel increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Italy

High income: OECD

Workplace

2007

Legislative Decree no. 198 of 11 April 2006 "Code of equal opportunities for men and women, pursuant to article 6 of Law no. 246 of 28 November 2005"

04/11/2006

06/15/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Italy enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Italy

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2007

Legislative Decree no. 198 of 11 April 2006 "Code of equal opportunities for men and women, pursuant to article 6 of Law no. 246 of 28 November 2005"

04/11/2006

06/15/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Italy introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Assets

2007

Property (Rights of Spouses) Act

04/01/2006

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Jamaica recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions as a factor in property division.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Workplace

2007

The National Human Rights Commission Act

07/29/2005

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Republic of Korea enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2007

Penal Law 2005

11/09/2005

04/08/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Lao PDR amended its Penal Law that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Lesotho granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Lesotho granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Lesotho allowed women to be head of household.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Lesotho enacted the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Lesotho enacted the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Lesotho enacted the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act abolishing the marital power provision to allow a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2007

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

01/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Lesotho introduced the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2007

Gender Based Violence and Domestic Violence Act

12/16/2005

02/28/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Malta enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2007

Law on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women

02/09/2006

03/24/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Moldova enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2007

Law on State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs

02/09/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Moldova introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Parental Leave and Employment Protection Act 1987

12/01/2004

12/01/2005

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

New Zealand increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2007

Criminal Code

07/22/2005

07/30/2005

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

North Macedonia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2007

Law on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women

05/29/2006

06/06/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

North Macedonia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2007

Law on Equal Opportunities for Men and Women

05/29/2006

06/06/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

North Macedonia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2007

Law N. 51 Social Security Fund

12/27/2005

12/28/2005

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Panama set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2007

Law N. 51 Social Security Fund

12/27/2005

12/28/2005

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Panama explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2007

Labor Law Royal Decree No. M/51

09/27/2005

04/28/2006

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Saudi Arabia introduced paid paternity leave.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2007

Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence

01/01/2006

01/09/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Serbia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Marriage

2007

Law No. 300/2005 Criminal Code

07/02/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Slovak Republic enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Sri Lanka

South Asia

Marriage

2007

Prevention of Domestic Violence Act No. 34 of 2005

10/03/2005

10/07/2005

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Sri Lanka enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Workplace

2007

Discrimination Act

06/09/2005

07/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Sweden enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Workplace

2007

Discrimination Act

06/09/2005

07/01/2005

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Sweden enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Federal Act on Allowances for Loss of Earnings in the Event of Service and Maternity Leave

10/03/2003

07/01/2005

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Switzerland's increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2007

Federal Act on Allowances for Loss of Earnings in the Event of Service and Maternity Leave

10/03/2003

07/01/2005

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Switzerland's government began administering maternity benefits.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2007

Employment Act

05/24/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Uganda enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2007

Employment Act

05/24/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Uganda adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2007

Employment Act

05/24/2006

08/07/2006

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Uganda mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2007

Employment Act

05/24/2006

08/07/2006

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Uganda eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2007

Employment Act

05/24/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Uganda prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2007

Law of Ukraine on Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men

09/08/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Ukraine enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2007

Law of Ukraine on Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men

09/08/2005

01/01/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Ukraine enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Workplace

2007

Sex Discrimination Act 1975

09/07/2005

10/01/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The United Kingdom enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2007

Decree No. 4447 of April 25, 2006 about the regulation of the Labor Code

04/25/2006

04/28/2006

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Venezuela, RB eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2007

Labour Act

12/30/2005

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Zimbabwe enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2007

Labour Act

12/30/2005

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Zimbabwe enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2007

Labour Act

12/30/2005

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Zimbabwe increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Parenthood

2008

Labor Code

02/04/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Afghanistan introduced paid paternity leave.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2008

Law No. 9669 of 18.12.2006 "On Measures against Violence in Family Relations"

12/18/2006

06/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Albania enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2008

Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Guarantees of Gender (Men and Women) Equality

10/10/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Azerbaijan enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2008

Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Guarantees of Gender (Men and Women) Equality

10/10/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Azerbaijan enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2008

Social Benefits Law

10/10/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Azerbaijan introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Bangladesh

South Asia

Parenthood

2008

Labor Act

10/11/2006

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Bangladesh increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Bangladesh

South Asia

Pay

2008

Labor Act

10/11/2006

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Bangladesh lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2008

Law against the discrimination between men and women 10 May 2007

05/10/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Belgium introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Act No. 2006-19 on the suppression of sexual harassment and the protection of victims in the Republic of Benin

07/17/2006

09/05/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Benin adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Act No. 2006-19 on the suppression of sexual harassment and the protection of victims in the Republic of Benin

07/17/2006

09/05/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Benin enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bhutan

South Asia

Workplace

2008

Labor and Employment Act 2007

01/04/2007

02/20/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Bhutan adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Bhutan

South Asia

Workplace

2008

Labor and Employment Act 2007

01/04/2007

02/20/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bhutan enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bhutan

South Asia

Parenthood

2008

Labor and Employment Act 2007

01/04/2007

02/20/2007

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Bhutan prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Bhutan

South Asia

Pay

2008

Labor and Employment Act 2007

01/04/2007

02/20/2007

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Bhutan mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Bhutan

South Asia

Workplace

2008

Labor and Employment Act 2007

01/04/2007

02/20/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Bhutan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2008

Law No. 11340 - Maria da Penha Law (Domestic Violence)

08/07/2006

09/22/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Brazil enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Law No. 06.032 of 27 December 2006 on the protection of women against violence in the Central African Republic

12/27/2006

09/01/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Central African Republic adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2008

Law No. 06.032 of 27 December 2006 on the protection of women against violence in the Central African Republic

12/27/2006

09/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Central African Republic enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Law No. 06.032 of 27 December 2006 on the protection of women against violence in the Central African Republic

12/27/2006

09/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Central African Republic enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2008

Decree No. 09.116 establishing the modalities of application of Law No. 06.035 of 28 December 2006 on the Social Security Code of the Central African Republic

12/28/2006

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Central African Republic equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2008

Decree No. 09.116 establishing the modalities of application of Law No. 06.035 of 28 December 2006 on the Social Security Code of the Central African Republic

12/28/2006

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The Central African Republic explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Act No. 06/018 of 20 July 2006, amending and supplementing the Decree of 30 January 1940 issuing the Congolese Penal Code

07/20/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Democratic Republic of Congo adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Labor Code

06/07/2006

01/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Czech Republic enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Labor Code

06/07/2006

01/01/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Czech Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

France

High income: OECD

Pay

2008

Labor Code

03/12/2007

03/01/2008

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

France allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Germany

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Act Implementing European Directives Putting Into Effect the Principle of Equal Treatment

08/14/2006

08/18/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Germany enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Germany

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Act Implementing European Directives Putting Into Effect the Principle of Equal Treatment

08/14/2006

08/18/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Germany enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Germany

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2008

Act Implementing European Directives Putting Into Effect the Principle of Equal Treatment

08/14/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Germany introduced a new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Germany

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2008

Act on Parental Benefit and Parental Leave (Bundeselterngeld- und Elternzeitgesetz - BEEG)

12/05/2006

01/01/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Germany introduced paid paternity leave.

Ghana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2008

Domestic Violence Act, 2007

05/03/2007

05/04/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Ghana enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Greece

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Law 3488/2006 on Application of the Principle of Equal Treatment between Men and Women regards Access to Employment, Vocational Training and Promotion, Terms and Conditions and Other Relevant Provisions

09/06/2006

09/11/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Greece adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

09/06/2006

09/11/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Greece enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Marriage

2008

Law 3500/2006 on Domestic Violence

10/23/2006

10/24/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Greece enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Act CXXV of 2003 on Equal Treatment and Promotion of Equal Opportunity

11/27/2006

12/01/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Hungary enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Iran, Islamic Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2008

Population and Family Regulation Amendments Act 2013

12/31/2006

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Islamic Republic of Iran increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Sexual Offences Act

07/14/2006

07/21/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Kenya adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Sexual Offences Act

07/14/2006

07/21/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Kenya enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2008

Government Decree Kyrgyz Republic dated August 14, 2006 No. 576

08/14/2006

07/01/2006

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Kyrgyz Republic enacted legislation that obliges employers to pay the first ten days of maternity leave.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2008

Labor Law (Amended)

12/27/2006

03/27/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2008

Labor Law (Amended)

12/27/2006

03/27/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2008

Labor Law (Amended)

12/27/2006

03/27/2007

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Lao PDR lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Act No.9 of 2006 Legal Capacity of Married Persons

11/01/2006

12/06/2006

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Lesotho allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2008

Prevention of Domestic Violence Act

12/29/2006

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Malawi enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2008

General Law on Women's Access to a Life Free of Violence

02/01/2007

02/02/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Mexico enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2008

Law on Preventing and Combating Family Violence

03/01/2007

09/18/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Moldova enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Nepal

South Asia

Marriage

2008

Act to Amend Some Nepal Acts for Maintaining Gender Equality, 2063 (2006)

09/28/2006

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Nepal allowed women to be head of household.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Workplace

2008

Working Conditions Act

11/03/2006

01/01/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Netherlands adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2008

Lagos State of Nigeria a Law to provide protection against domestic violence and for connected purposes

05/18/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Nigeria enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2008

Law No. 28983 Law on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men

03/16/2007

03/17/2007

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Peru mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Qatar

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2008

Law No. (5) of 2007 amending some provisions of Decree-Law No. (14) of 1993 regarding passports

05/13/2007

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Qatar introduced new legal amendments which no longer requires a married woman her guardian's consent when applying for a passport.

Romania

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2008

Law No. 202 of 19 April 2002 on Equal Opportunities Between Women and Men

07/14/2006

09/15/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Romania's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Spain

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2008

Organic Law No. 3/2007 on the effective equality of women and men

03/22/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Spain's Equality of Women and Men Law made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

St. Lucia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2008

The Labour Code No. 37 of 2006

11/16/2006

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

St. Lucia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Marriage

2008

Protection Against Violence Act

06/19/2006

04/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Switzerland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2008

Legislative Decree No. 26 of 12-4-2007 on Civil Status

04/12/2007

04/13/2007

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Syrian Arab Republic allowed women to be head of household.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Labor Code

10/13/2006

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Togo enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Labor Code

10/13/2006

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Togo adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2008

Labor Code

10/13/2006

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Togo prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2008

Law N. 2006 of the Labor Code

12/05/2006

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Togo lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2008

Labor Code

12/13/2006

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Togo prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2008

Labor Code

12/13/2006

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Togo mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2008

The Employment Act, 2006

06/08/2006

08/07/2006

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Uganda prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2008

The Employment Act, 2006

06/08/2006

08/07/2006

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Uganda introduced paid paternity leave.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2008

Organic Law on the Right of Women to a Life Free of Violence

03/19/2007

04/23/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Venezuela, RB enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2008

Organic Law on the Right of Women to a Life Free of Violence

03/19/2007

04/23/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Venezuela, RB adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2008

The Law on Gender Equality

11/29/2006

07/01/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Viet Nam's Gender Equality Law made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2008

Domestic Violence Act

02/26/2007

09/25/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Zimbabwe enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Australia

High income: OECD

Marriage

2009

Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence) Act 2007 No 80

12/07/2007

03/10/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Australia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2009

Law No. 3791 Universal Old Age Income

11/28/2007

01/01/2008

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Bolivia explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Botswana

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2009

Domestic Violence Act

04/30/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Botswana enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Legislative-Decree No. 5/2007 - Labor Code

09/16/2007

04/16/2008

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Cabo Verde prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Legislative-Decree No. 5/2007 - Labor Code

09/16/2007

04/16/2008

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Cabo Verde introduced paid paternity leave.

Cabo Verde

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Legislative-Decree No. 5/2007 - Labor Code

10/16/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Cabo Verde prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Chile

High income: OECD

Pension

2009

Law No. 20255 - Social Security Reform

03/11/2008

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Chile explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2009

Interim Measures of the State Council on Workers' Retirement and Resignation

06/29/2007

01/01/2008

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

China set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2009

Family Code

02/14/2008

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

The Supreme Court of Costa Rica annulled a waiting period for women before remarriage.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2009

Equal Treatment of Men and Women (Access to Goods and Services) Act 2008 (18(I)/2008)

05/02/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Cyprus introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2009

Anti-Discrimination Act

04/23/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Czech Republic's Anti-Discrimination Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2009

Act on Equality Between Women and Men

09/19/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Denmark introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2009

Social Security Act

12/20/2007

01/01/2008

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

El Salvador began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2009

Employment Relations Promulgation 2007

10/02/2007

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Fiji prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2009

Employment Relations Promulgation 2007

10/02/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Fiji lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2009

Employment Relations Promulgation 2007

10/02/2007

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Fiji lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2009

Employment Relations Promulgation 2007

10/02/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Fiji prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Labor Act, 2007

10/17/2007

01/21/2008

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The Gambia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Greece

High income: OECD

Pay

2009

12/31/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Greece eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Guatemala

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2009

Decree-Law No. 106 Civil Code

11/29/2007

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Guatemala revoked a provision requiring a waiting period for women before remarriage.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2009

Consumer Protection Law

04/01/2008

07/07/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Honduras's Consumer Law made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2009

Law on Protection from Domestic Violence No. 15 of 2017

03/16/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Jordan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2009

Law on Compulsory Social Insurance

04/25/2003

01/01/2008

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Kazakhstan introduced paid parental leave.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Employment (Amendment) Act, 2021

10/22/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kenya prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Employment Act

10/26/2007

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Kenya prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2009

Employment Act

10/26/2007

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Kenya mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2009

Employment Act

10/26/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Kenya lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2009

Employment Act

10/26/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Kenya eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining and in industrial undertakings at night.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Employment Act

10/26/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Kenya introduced paid paternity leave.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2009

Employment (Amendment) Act 2008 (No.2 of 2008)

05/15/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kiribati prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2009

Consumers Rights Protection Law

06/19/2008

07/23/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Latvia amended its Consumer Rights Protection Law that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2009

Law on Sickness and Maternity Social Insurance

12/20/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Lithuania introduced paid paternity leave.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Pay

2009

Labor Code

10/24/2007

12/28/2007

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Luxembourg eliminated restrictions on women's employment in mining and in industrial undertakings.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2009

Law of 21 December 2007 transposing Directive 2004/113/EC

12/21/2007

12/24/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Luxembourg introduced a new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2009

Law No. 2007-022 of 20 August 2007 Relating to Marriage and Matrimonial Regimes

06/28/2007

08/20/2007

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Madagascar granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2009

Law No. 2007-022 of 20 August 2007 Relating to Marriage and Matrimonial Regimes

06/28/2007

08/20/2007

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Madagascar granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Maldives

South Asia

Pay

2009

Employment Act

05/26/2008

07/11/2008

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Maldives allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Maldives

South Asia

Workplace

2009

Employment Act

05/26/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Maldives prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2009

Minimum Special Leave Entitlement Regulations

06/29/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Malta introduced paid paternity leave.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2009

Law on Gender Equality

07/31/2007

08/08/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Montenegro enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Law No. 23/2007

05/11/2007

08/01/2007

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Mozambique began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2009

Law No. 23/2007

05/11/2007

08/01/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mozambique introduced paid paternity leave.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2009

Decree No. 51

05/11/2007

07/07/2007

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Mozambique explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Law No. 23/2007

08/01/2007

11/01/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Mozambique enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Law No. 23/2007

08/01/2007

11/01/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Mozambique enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2009

Law 23/2007 ; Decree 53/2007

08/01/2007

10/30/2007

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Mozambique set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Law No. 23/2007

08/01/2007

11/01/2007

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Mozambique prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2009

Decree 53/2007

12/03/2007

02/01/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Mozambique no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Labor Act

12/21/2007

11/01/2008

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Namibia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Namibia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2009

Labor Act

12/21/2007

11/01/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Namibia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2009

Penal Code

11/16/2007

11/23/2007

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Nicaragua enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2009

Penal Code

11/16/2007

11/23/2007

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Nicaragua adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2009

Penal Code

05/09/2008

07/08/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Nicaragua enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2009

Law No. 14/2008

03/12/2008

03/15/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Portugal introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2009

Law No. 97 of 20 June 2008

06/18/2008

06/23/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

San Marino enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2009

The Devolution of Estates Act

06/14/2007

07/26/2007

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Sierra Leone equalized inheritance rights for both sons and daughters.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2009

The Devolution of Estates Act

06/14/2007

07/26/2007

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Sierra Leone equalized inheritance rights for both male and female surviving spouses.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2009

The Domestic Violence Act, 2007

07/26/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Sierra Leone enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Workplace

2009

Law No. 365/2004 Anti-Discrimination Act

06/20/2007

10/15/2008

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Slovak Republic enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Workplace

2009

Law No. 365/2004 Anti-Discrimination Act

06/20/2007

10/15/2008

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Slovak Republic enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2009

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

11/30/2007

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Marriage

2009

Domestic Violence Prevention Act

02/15/2008

03/01/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Slovenia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2009

Domestic Violence Victim Protection Act B.E. 2550 (2007)

09/13/2007

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Thailand enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2009

Domestic Violence Victim Protection Act B.E. 2550 (2007)

09/13/2007

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Thailand allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2009

Labor Protection Act (No. 7) B.E. 2562 (2019)

02/15/2008

05/28/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Thailand enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2009

Labor Protection Act (No. 7) B.E. 2562 (2019)

02/15/2008

05/28/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Thailand adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2009

Law for the protection of families, maternity and paternity

07/26/2007

09/20/2007

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Venezuela, RB introduced paid paternity leave.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2009

Law on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control No. 02/2007

11/21/2007

07/01/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Viet Nam enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Yemen, Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2009

Law No. 15 of 2008 amending Law No. 5 of 1995 concerning the Labour Code

04/14/2008

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

The Republic of Yemen equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2010

Decree 40/08 of 2 July 2008

07/02/2008

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Angola set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2010

Decree 40/08 of 2 July 2008

07/02/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Angola no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2010

Law No. 26.485 - Law on the Integral Protection of Women

03/11/2009

04/01/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Argentina enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Austria

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2010

Federal Act on Equal Treatment

07/02/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Austria's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

Ordinance of the Federal Minister of Economics and Labor on Employment bans and restrictions for women workers

07/31/2008

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Austria eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Bangladesh

South Asia

Workplace

2010

Supreme Court of Bangladesh, BNWLA v. Government of Bangladesh, 14 May 2009, Petition No. 5916 of 2008

05/14/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bangladesh enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Pension

2010

Collective Labor Agreement No. 25 of 15 October 1975 on equal pay for men and women, as amended by the collective Labor agreement No. 25 Bis of 19 December 2001 and No. 25 Ter of 9 July 2008

07/09/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Belgium equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

Collective Labor Agreement No. 25 of 15 October 1975 on equal pay for men and women, as amended by the collective Labor agreement No. 25 Bis of 19 December 2001 and No. 25 Ter of 9 July 2008

07/09/2008

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Belgium mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2010

Political Constitution of the Plurinational State of Bolivia

01/25/2009

02/07/2009

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Bolivia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2010

Labor Code

12/19/2008

01/01/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Bulgaria introduced paid paternity leave.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Law Num 1/05 of April 22, 2009 on the revision of the Penal Code

09/20/2008

04/22/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Burundi adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Law Num 1/05 of April 22, 2009 on the revision of the Penal Code

09/20/2008

04/22/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Burundi enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2010

Law Num 1/05 of April 22, 2009 on the revision of the Penal Code

04/22/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Burundi enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2010

Act establishing the Labor Code of the Central African Republic

01/29/2009

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Central African Republic eliminated restrictions on women's employment in certain industries.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2010

Act establishing the Labor Code of the Central African Republic

01/29/2009

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Central African Republic enacted legislation that obliges employers to share in the administration of maternity benefits.

Central African Republic

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Act establishing the Labor Code of the Central African Republic

01/29/2009

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Central African Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2010

Law on Gender Equality

07/09/2008

07/15/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Croatia's Anti-Discrimination Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2010

Law on Maternal and Parental Benefits

07/15/2008

01/01/2009

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Croatia introduced paid parental leave.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2010

Law on Maternal and Parental Benefits

07/15/2008

01/01/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Croatia introduced paid paternity leave.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Workplace

2010

Anti-Discrimination Act

06/29/2009

09/01/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Czech Republic enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

Act on Equal Pay for Men and Women

09/05/2008

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Denmark mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2010

Law No. 17/AN/08/6th L modifying the retirement age

10/11/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Djibouti equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2010

Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador

09/28/2008

10/20/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Ecuador prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

Employment Contracts Act

12/12/2008

07/01/2009

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Estonia allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

Employment Contracts Act

12/12/2008

07/01/2009

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Estonia eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Finland

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2010

Act on Equality between Men and Women

12/19/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Finland' new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Germany

High income: OECD

Pay

2010

New training regulations for the occupation Mining Technician

03/31/2009

08/01/2009

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Germany eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2010

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

06/17/2009

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Kiribati mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Kyrgyz Republic

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2010

Law on State Guarantees of Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities for Men and Women

08/02/2008

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Kyrgyz Republic enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Maldives

South Asia

Parenthood

2010

Employment Act

05/26/2008

07/11/2008

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Maldives prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Maldives

South Asia

Parenthood

2010

Employment Act

05/26/2008

07/11/2008

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Maldives introduced paid paternity leave.

Maldives

South Asia

Pension

2010

Maldives Pension Act

05/13/2009

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Maldives introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Maldives

South Asia

Pension

2010

Maldives Pension Act

05/13/2009

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Maldives introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2010

Employment Rights Act 2008

09/23/2008

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Mauritius prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2010

Employment Rights Act 2008

09/23/2008

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Mauritius eliminated the ban on women's employment in industrial undertakings at night.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2010

Employment Rights Act 2008

09/23/2008

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mauritius introduced paid paternity leave.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Equal Opportunities Act 2008

12/16/2008

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Mauritius prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2010

Equal Opportunities Act 2008

12/30/2008

12/31/2012

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Mauritius' Equal Opportunity Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2010

Civil Code for the Federal District

09/18/2008

10/03/2008

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Mexico allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2010

Order No. 107 of 2008 Workplaces and Occupations that are a General Danger to the Health, Life, Ethics, Safety, and Development of Minors

09/26/2008

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Mongolia eliminated all restrictions on women's employment.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2010

Labor Law

08/15/2008

08/24/2008

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Montenegro set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Nepal

South Asia

Marriage

2010

Domestic Violence (Crime and Punishment) Act, 2066 of 2009

04/27/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Nepal enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2010

Work and Care Act

06/10/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Netherlands introduced paid paternity leave.

Norway

High income: OECD

Marriage

2010

Amendment Act to the Criminal Code No. 28 of 20 May 2005

06/19/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Norway enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Poland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2010

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

11/21/2008

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Poland enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Poland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2010

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

11/21/2008

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Poland enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2010

Labor Code

02/12/2009

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Portugal introduced paid parental leave.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2010

Law on Prevention and Punishment of Gender-Based Violence

07/15/2008

09/10/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Rwanda enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Law on Prevention and Punishment of Gender-Based Violence

09/10/2008

04/06/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Rwanda enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

Law on Prevention and Punishment of Gender-Based Violence

09/10/2008

04/06/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Rwanda adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2010

Law No. 11/2008 - Law on Domestic and Family Violence

08/15/2008

10/29/2008

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2010

Gender Equality Law

03/26/2009

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Serbia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2010

Law on the Prohibition of Discrimination

03/26/2009

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Serbia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

06/14/2009

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Sierra Leone allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

01/29/2009

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Sierra Leone granted spouses equal rights to immovable property during marriage.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

01/29/2009

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Sierra Leone granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

06/14/2009

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Sierra Leone introduced the Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

06/14/2009

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Sierra Leone introduced the Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2010

The Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act

01/23/2009

06/14/2009

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Sierra Leone introduced the Registration of Customary Marriage and Divorce Act allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2010

Children Development Co-Savings Act (Chapter 38A)

10/29/2008

10/31/2008

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Singapore increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

The Penal Code Act, 2008

08/22/2008

02/10/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

South Sudan enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2010

The Penal Code Act, 2008

08/22/2008

02/10/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

South Sudan adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2010

The Child Act

10/13/2008

02/10/2009

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

South Sudan equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2010

Social Insurance Act of 1990

12/31/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

South Sudan equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2010

Social Insurance Act of 1990

12/31/2008

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Sudan equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2010

Combating Domestic Violence Act

06/02/2009

06/20/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Suriname enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2010

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

04/22/2009

05/01/2009

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Taiwan, China increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2010

Act of Gender Equality in Employment

04/22/2009

05/01/2009

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Taiwan, China introduced paid parental leave.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2010

Law of Ukraine on Prevention and Counteraction to Domestic Violence

09/25/2008

01/01/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Ukraine enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2010

Law No. 18.345 - Special Licenses with Salary Payment for Private Sector Workers

09/11/2008

09/23/2008

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Uruguay introduced paid paternity leave.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2010

Law No. 18.395 - Amendments to Social Security Law No. 16.713

09/11/2008

09/23/2008

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Uruguay explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Vanuatu

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2010

Family Protection Act 2008

12/22/2008

03/02/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Vanuatu enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2011

Law on Protection from Discrimination

02/04/2010

03/12/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Albania introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Pay

2011

Law Related to Various Dispositions

04/28/2010

05/10/2010

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Belgium allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Belgium

High income: OECD

Pay

2011

Law Related to Various Dispositions

04/28/2010

05/10/2010

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Belgium eliminated restrictions on women's employment in mining.

Bhutan

South Asia

Parenthood

2011

Acceptable Forms of Child Labour Regulation, 2009

11/11/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Bhutan introduced paid paternity leave.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2011

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

03/25/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Bosnia and Herzegovina's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Brunei Darussalam

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2011

Employment Order, 2009

09/03/2009

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Brunei Darussalam eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining and at night in industrial undertakings.

Brunei Darussalam

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2011

Employment Order, 2009

09/03/2009

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Brunei Darussalam lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2011

Criminal Code

11/30/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Cambodia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2011

Criminal Code

11/30/2009

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Cambodia's Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2011

Labor Law

12/04/2009

01/01/2010

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Croatia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2011

Labor Law

12/04/2009

01/01/2010

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Croatia eliminated restrictions on women's employment in certain industries, including the mining and water industries.

Croatia

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2011

Labor Law

12/04/2009

01/01/2010

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Croatia lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2011

Gender Equality Act

09/24/2009

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Estonia's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2011

Domestic Violence Act 2009

08/14/2009

12/01/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Fiji enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2011

Law on Gender Equality

03/26/2010

04/12/2010

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Georgia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2011

Law 3769/2009 Application of the Principle of Equal Treatment between Men and Women in the Access to and Supply of Goods and Services and Other Provisions

07/01/2009

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Greece introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Marriage

2011

Act LXXII of 2009 on Restraining Orders Related to Violence Between Relatives

10/01/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Hungary enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2011

The Social Security Law for the Year 2010

04/01/2010

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Jordan explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2011

Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence

12/04/2009

12/14/2009

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kazakhstan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Pension

2011

National Pension Act of 31 December 1986

02/29/2008

03/19/2010

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The Republic of Korea explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2011

Act on Equal Employment and Support for Work-Family Reconciliation

10/09/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Republic of Korea introduced paid paternity leave.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2011

The Constitutional Court's Ruling that holds some provisions of the Passports Law unconstitutional

10/20/2009

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Kuwait amended its passport law which no longer requires women the consent of her husband when applying for a passport.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2011

Land Act 2010

01/01/2010

06/14/2010

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Lesotho equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Libya set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Libya prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Libya mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Libya increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Libya lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Libya

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2011

Law No. (12) For 2010 concerning of labor relations.

01/28/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Libya prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2011

Law No. 29/2009

09/29/2009

03/29/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Mozambique enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2011

Criminal Code

07/10/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

North Macedonia introduced paid paternity leave.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2011

Law on Ownership and Other Real Rights

04/08/2010

04/13/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

North Macedonia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Pakistan

South Asia

Workplace

2011

The Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act 2010

03/11/2010

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Pakistan enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Pakistan

South Asia

Workplace

2011

The Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act 2010

03/11/2010

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Pakistan adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2011

Law No. 30807 of 4 July 2018, amending Law No. 29409, which grants the right to paternity leave to workers in the public and private sectors

09/18/2009

09/19/2009

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Peru introduced paid paternity leave.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pay

2011

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

10/21/2009

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Poland mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2011

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

11/27/2003

01/01/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2011

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

11/27/2003

01/01/2010

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Slovak Republic equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2011

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

11/27/2003

01/01/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2011

Labor Law No. 17/2010

04/12/2010

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Syrian Arab Republic prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2011

Labor Law No. 17/2010

04/12/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Syrian Arab Republic prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2011

The Domestic Violence Act 2010

03/17/2010

04/09/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Uganda enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Workplace

2011

Equality Act 2010

04/08/2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The United Kingdom enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2011

Law No. 18.561 - Sexual Harassment

09/11/2009

09/21/2009

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Uruguay enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2011

Law No. 18.561 - Sexual Harassment

09/11/2009

09/21/2009

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Uruguay enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2012

The Republic of Armenia Law HO-117 on Changes and Additions to the Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

06/24/2010

08/07/2010

Negative

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Armenia abrogated legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2012

Law on State Pensions

12/22/2010

01/01/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Armenia equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2012

Law on State Pensions

12/22/2010

01/01/2011

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Armenia equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Australia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Paid Parental Leave Act 2010

07/14/2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Australia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Australia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Paid Parental Leave Act 2010

07/14/2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Australia's federal government began administering parental leave benefits.

Australia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Paid Parental Leave Act 2010

07/14/2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Australia introduced paid parental leave.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2012

The Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Prevention of Domestic Violence

06/22/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Azerbaijan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bangladesh

South Asia

Marriage

2012

Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, 2010

10/11/2010

10/12/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bangladesh enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2012

Law No. 045 Against Racism and All Forms of Discrimination

10/08/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Bolivia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2012

Law No. 65 Pension Law

12/10/2010

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Bolivia introduced an old-age pension system that sets unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2012

Labor Code

06/08/2010

06/18/2010

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Bulgaria set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2012

Women's Act, 2010

04/13/2010

05/28/2010

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Gambia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2012

Women's Act, 2010

04/13/2010

05/28/2010

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Gambia introduced paid paternity leave.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2012

Women's Act, 2010

05/28/2010

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

The Gambia's Woman's Act recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2012

Women's Act, 2010

05/28/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Gambia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Greece

High income: OECD

Pension

2012

Law 3896/2010 on Implementation of the Principle of Equal Opportunities and Equal Treatment for Men and Women in Matters of Employment and Occupation

08/12/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Greece equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Greece

High income: OECD

Pension

2012

Law 3896/2010 on Implementation of the Principle of Equal Opportunities and Equal Treatment for Men and Women in Matters of Employment and Occupation

08/12/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Greece equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Greece

High income: OECD

Pay

2012

Law 3896/2010 on Implementation of the Principle of Equal Opportunities and Equal Treatment for Men and Women in Matters of Employment and Occupation

08/12/2010

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Greece mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pension

2012

Law on Social Security Pensions

12/13/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Hungary equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pension

2012

Law on Social Security Pensions

12/13/2010

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Hungary equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pension

2012

Law on Social Security Pensions

12/13/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Hungary equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Japan

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Child Care and Family Care Leave Act

07/01/2009

06/30/2010

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Japan introduced paid paternity leave.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2012

Labor Law

11/01/2010

11/18/2010

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Kosovo increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2012

Labor Law

11/01/2010

11/18/2010

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Kosovo introduced paid paternity leave.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Labor Code

08/03/2010

08/12/2010

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Luxembourg introduced paid paternity leave.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2012

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/09/2010

09/07/2010

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Moldova lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2012

Law on Promotion of Gender Equality

02/02/2011

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Mongolia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2012

Law on Promotion of Gender Equality

02/02/2011

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Mongolia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2012

Law on Promotion of Gender Equality

02/02/2011

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Mongolia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2012

Law on Domestic Violence Protection

07/27/2010

08/14/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Montenegro enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2012

Law on Prohibition of Discrimination

07/27/2010

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Montenegro's Prohibition of Discrimination Law made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Poland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2012

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

11/25/2010

11/28/2010

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Poland introduced paid paternity leave.

Poland

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2012

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

12/03/2010

01/01/2011

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Poland's Equal Treatment Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Poland

High income: OECD

Workplace

2012

Act of 3 December 2010 on Implementation of Certain European Union Provisions in Equal Treatment

12/10/2010

01/01/2011

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Poland prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2012

Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Ordinance 1961

08/16/2010

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Samoa recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions, including unpaid work caring for family members.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2012

Ministerial Order No. 2370/1 of 18 September 2010

09/18/2010

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Saudi Arabia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pay

2012

Law No. 311/2001 Labor Code

03/01/2011

06/06/2011

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Slovak Republic allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2012

Law No. 7/2010 Against Domestic Violence

05/03/2010

07/08/2010

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Timor-Leste enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2012

Order No. 020/MTESS/DGTLS of July 30, 2010 establishing the nature of work prohibited to pregnant women (Article 147 of the Labor Code)

07/30/2010

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Togo eliminated restrictions on women’s ability to work in certain industries by limiting them to pregnant women.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2012

Order No. 020/MTESS/DGTLS of July 30, 2010 establishing the nature of work prohibited to pregnant women (Article 147 of the Labor Code)

07/30/2010

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Togo explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Tonga

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2012

National Retirement Benefits Scheme Act 2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Tonga introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Tonga

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2012

National Retirement Benefits Scheme Act 2010

10/01/2010

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Tonga introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2012

Labor Code of the Republic Uzbekistan

12/22/2010

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Uzbekistan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2013

Notice N 12-2016 Protection of consumers of financial products and services

06/01/2011

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Angola made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2013

Law No. 25/11 - Against Domestic Violence

06/21/2011

07/14/2011

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Angola enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2013

Presidential Decree No. 08/11

07/01/2011

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Angola began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2013

Labor (Amendment) Act, 2011

04/13/2011

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Belize prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2013

Act No. 2011-26 of 9 January 2012 on the prevention and punishment of violence against women

09/27/2011

01/09/2012

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Benin enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Chile

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2013

Law No. 20545 of 2011

10/17/2011

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Chile introduced paid parental leave.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2013

Special Provisions on the Labor Protection of Female Employees

04/28/2012

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

China adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2013

Special Provisions on the Labor Protection of Female Employees

04/28/2012

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

China enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2013

Labor Code

06/30/2011

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Colombia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2013

Labor Code

12/29/2011

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Colombia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Pay

2013

The Act Establishing the Conditions for the Protection of Health at Work

03/26/2012

04/01/2012

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The Czech Republic eliminated restrictions on women's employment in manufacturing.

Denmark

High income: OECD

Marriage

2013

Criminal Code

02/03/2012

03/01/2012

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Denmark enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Private Organization Employees Pension Proclamation No. 715/2011

06/24/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Ethiopia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Private Organization Employees Pension Proclamation No. 715/2011

06/24/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Ethiopia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Hungary

High income: OECD

Pay

2013

Act on Labor Code (2012 I)

12/13/2011

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Hungary allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Marriage

2013

Act on Restraining Orders

06/23/2011

06/30/2011

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Iceland enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Israel

High income: OECD

Pension

2013

Retirement Age Law, 2004

12/29/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Israel equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lithuania

High income: OECD

Marriage

2013

Law on Protection Against Domestic Violence of the Republic of Lithuania

05/26/2011

12/15/2011

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Lithuania enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Pension Act of 7 April 2011

04/01/2011

06/01/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Malawi introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Pension Act of 7 April 2011

04/01/2011

06/01/2011

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Malawi introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2013

Employment Act 1955

02/09/2012

04/01/2012

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Malaysia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Maldives

South Asia

Marriage

2013

Domestic Violence Act

04/23/2012

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Maldives enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2013

Individual and Family Code

12/30/2011

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Mali equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2013

Individual and Family Code

12/30/2011

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Mali equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2013

Civil Code

07/29/2011

10/01/2011

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Malta legalized divorce, equally granting the right to both spouses.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2013

Civil Code

07/29/2011

10/01/2011

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Malta prohibited waiting period before remarriage for either spouse.

Marshall Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2013

Domestic Violence Prevention and Protection Act 2011

09/29/2011

10/17/2011

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Marshall Islands enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2013

Labor Law

11/24/2011

12/12/2011

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Montenegro introduced paid parental leave.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2013

A Bill for a Law to provide rules on criminal conduct, regulate public order and for connected purposes

08/08/2011

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Nigeria adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2013

A Bill for a Law to provide rules on criminal conduct, regulate public order and for connected purposes

08/08/2011

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Nigeria enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2013

Republic Act No. 10151 An Act Allowing the Employment of Night Workers, thereby Repealing Articles 130 and 131 of Presidential Decree Number Four Hundred Forty-two, as Amended, Otherwise Known as the Labor Code of the Philippines

06/21/2011

07/06/2011

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The Philippines eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work in industrial undertakings at night.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2013

06/21/2011

07/06/2011

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The Philippines eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2013

Protection from Harassment Act

12/06/2011

04/27/2013

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

South Africa enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2013

Passports and Immigration Act, 2011

07/07/2011

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

South Sudan introduced a new Passport and Immigration Act which no longer establishes differences in the application procedures for a married woman when applying for a passport.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011

07/07/2011

07/09/2011

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

South Sudan set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011

07/07/2011

07/09/2011

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

South Sudan set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2013

Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011

07/07/2011

07/09/2011

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

South Sudan no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste allowed women to be head of household.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste enacted a new Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to open a bank account in the same way as a man without her husband's consent.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Timor-Leste's Civil Code gave spouses equal rights and duties, granting them equal rights to immovable property during marriage.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Assets

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Timor-Leste's Civil Code gave spouses equal rights and duties, granting them equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2013

Civil Code

09/14/2011

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Timor-Leste introduced a new Civil Code allowing a woman to legally get a job without her husband's permission.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2013

Labour Code No. 4/2012

12/20/2011

06/20/2012

Negative

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Timor-Leste abrogated legislation implementing criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2013

Labor Law

02/02/2012

06/21/2012

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Timor-Leste mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2013

Anti-Gender-Based Violence Act 2011

04/15/2011

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Zambia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Australia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2014

Paid Parental Leave and Other Legislation Amendment (Dad and Partner Pay and Other Measures) Act 2012

07/22/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Australia introduced paid paternity leave.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 36 of 2012 The promulgation of the Labor Law in the private sector

07/26/2012

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Bahrain prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Bhutan

South Asia

Marriage

2014

Domestic Violence Prevention Act 2013

01/01/2013

03/18/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bhutan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2014

Supreme Decree No. 1212 - Paternity Leave

05/01/2012

05/02/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Bolivia introduced paid paternity leave.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2014

Law No. 348 to Guarantee Women a Life Free from Violence

03/09/2013

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Bolivia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2014

Law No. 348 to Guarantee Women a Life Free from Violence

03/09/2013

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bolivia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 12 Repealing, Amending and Supplementing Certain Provisions of Law No. 84-108/pr on the Labor Code

06/28/2012

09/06/2012

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Comoros enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 12 Repealing, Amending and Supplementing Certain Provisions of Law No. 84-108/pr on the Labor Code

06/28/2012

09/06/2012

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Comoros enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2014

Law No. 12 Repealing, Amending and Supplementing Certain Provisions of Law No. 84-108/pr on the Labor Code

06/28/2012

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Comoros mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2014

Law No. 12 Repealing, Amending and Supplementing Certain Provisions of Law No. 84-108/pr on the Labor Code

06/28/2012

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Comoros lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2014

Interministerial Order No. 022/MEMIS/MEMAE/MPMEF of January 14, 2013, amending Article 4 of Order No. 165/MI/MEF of May 15, 2008 setting, for applications made in Cote d'Ivoire, the conditions for the establishment and issuance of the ordinary national passport

01/14/2013

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2014

01/14/2013

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 2013 of January 25, 2013 Repealing Article 53 and Modifying Articles 58, 59, 60 and 67 of Law No. 64-64-375 of October 7, 1964 relating to Marriage as Amended by Law No. 83-800

01/25/2013

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2014

Law No. 2013 of January 25, 2013 Repealing Article 53 and Modifying Articles 58, 59, 60 and 67 of Law No. 64-64-375 of October 7, 1964 relating to Marriage as Amended by Law No. 83-800

01/25/2013

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire allowed women to be head of household.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2014

Law No. 10/2.012, dated 24 December, on the Reform of the General Labor Law

12/24/2012

03/27/2013

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Equatorial Guinea mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2014

Law No. 10/2.012, dated 24 December, on the Reform of the General Labor Law

12/24/2012

03/27/2013

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Equatorial Guinea introduced paid paternity leave.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2014

Deeds Registry (Amendment) Act

06/14/2012

07/02/2012

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Eswatini granted spouses equal rights to immovable property during marriage.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2014

Deeds Registry (Amendment) Act

06/14/2012

07/02/2012

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Eswatini granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2014

Family Code

02/27/2013

09/06/2013

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Honduras allowed women to be head of household.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2014

Family Code

02/27/2013

09/06/2013

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Honduras allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Honduras

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

2014

Civil Code

02/27/2013

09/06/2013

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Honduras reformed its Civil Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Italy

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2014

Law No. 92 of 28 June 2012

06/28/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Italy introduced paid paternity leave.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2014

Prudential Guidelines

01/01/2013

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Kenya's Banking Act prohibited discrimination in access to credit based on gender.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Gender Equality Act

04/19/2013

04/01/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Malawi adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Gender Equality Act

04/19/2013

04/01/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Malawi enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2014

Federal Labor Law

11/13/2012

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Mexico prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2014

Federal Labor Law

11/30/2012

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Mexico prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2014

Federal Labor Law

11/30/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mexico introduced paid paternity leave.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2014

Law on Prohibition of Discrimination

05/29/2012

06/04/2012

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Montenegro enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Myanmar

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2014

Social Security Law 2012

08/31/2012

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Myanmar increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Myanmar

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2014

Social Security Law 2012

08/31/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Myanmar introduced paid paternity leave.

Pakistan

South Asia

Marriage

2014

The Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Act, 2013

03/12/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Pakistan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Palau

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2014

Palau Family Protection Act

11/01/2012

11/13/2012

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Palau enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pension

2014

Act of 17 December 1998 on Old-Age and Disability Pensions from Social Insurance

05/11/2012

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Poland set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Poland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2014

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

03/17/2013

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Poland introduced paid parental leave.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2014

Family Safety Act 2013

04/05/2013

06/01/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Samoa enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Samoa enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Samoa adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Samoa prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Samoa lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Samoa lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Samoa prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Samoa

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2014

Labor and Employment Relations Act 2013

04/05/2013

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Samoa introduced paid paternity leave.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 6/2012 - Penal Code

07/05/2012

08/06/2012

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

São Tomé and Príncipe enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Law No. 6/2012 - Penal Code

07/05/2012

08/06/2012

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

São Tomé and Príncipe adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Sweden

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2014

Discrimination Act

06/20/2012

12/21/2012

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Sweden's Discrimination Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2014

Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence

03/19/2013

03/28/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Tajikistan enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2014

Labour Code of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste

02/21/2012

06/20/2012

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Timor-Leste introduced paid paternity leave.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2014

Personal and Family Code (Amendment) 2014

07/06/2012

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Togo allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2014

Personal and Family Code

07/07/2012

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Togo introduced a new Family Law allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Trinidad and Tobago

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2014

Maternity Protection Act

05/15/2012

05/31/2012

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Trinidad and Tobago increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2014

Law of Ukraine on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning the Prevention and Counteraction of Discrimination

09/06/2012

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Ukraine introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2014

Labour Code

06/18/2012

05/01/2013

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Viet Nam enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2014

Labour Code

06/18/2012

05/01/2013

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Viet Nam adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2014

Labour Code

06/18/2012

05/01/2013

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Viet Nam mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Belarus

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2015

Law on Basic Activities Aimed at Offence Prevention

01/04/2014

04/16/2014

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Belarus enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2015

Decree Num. 376 that reforms the Labor Code

05/28/2013

06/08/2013

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

El Salvador introduced paid paternity leave.

Gambia, The

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2015

Domestic Violence Act, 2013

12/17/2013

12/30/2017

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Gambia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2015

Law No. L/2014/072/CNT of 10 January 2014 on the Labor Code

01/10/2014

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Guinea lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2015

Law No. L/2014/072/CNT of 10 January 2014 on the Labor Code

01/14/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Guinea enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2015

Law No. L/2014/072/CNT of 10 January 2014 on the Labor Code

01/14/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Guinea enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2015

Law No. L/2014/072/CNT of 10 January 2014 on the Labor Code

01/14/2014

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Guinea prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2015

Law No. 6/2014 on the Criminalization of Acts of Violence in the Context of Domestic and Family Relations

02/04/2014

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Guinea-Bissau enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Iran, Islamic Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2015

Population and Family Regulation Amendments Act 2013

06/10/2013

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Islamic Republic of Iran introduced paid paternity leave.

Italy

High income: OECD

Marriage

2015

Law No. 119 of 15 October 2013

10/15/2013

10/16/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Italy enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2015

The Matrimonial Property Act, 2013

12/24/2013

01/16/2014

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Kenya recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2015

Law on Social Security

07/26/2013

08/01/2013

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Lao PDR set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2015

Law on Social Security

07/26/2013

08/01/2013

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Lao PDR no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2015

Labor Law

12/24/2013

01/28/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Lao PDR enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2015

Labor Law

12/24/2013

03/24/2014

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Lao PDR increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2015

Labor Law

12/24/2013

03/24/2014

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Lao PDR introduced paid paternity leave.

Latvia

High income: OECD

Marriage

2015

Civil Procedure Code

02/13/2014

03/31/2014

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Latvia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2015

Social Security Code

03/14/2013

07/02/2013

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Madagascar equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2015

Social Security Code

03/14/2013

07/02/2013

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Madagascar equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Maldives

South Asia

Workplace

2015

Sexual Harassment and Abuse Prevention Act 2014

04/27/2014

05/13/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Maldives enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Maldives

South Asia

Workplace

2015

Sexual Harassment and Abuse Prevention Act 2014

04/27/2014

05/13/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Maldives enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2015

The Workers’ Rights Act 2019 – Act No. 20 of 2019

05/06/2013

05/09/2013

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Mauritius mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2015

General Law for Equality between Women and Men

10/08/2013

11/14/2013

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Mexico's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2015

Law No. 842 on the Protection of the Rights of Consumers and Users

06/13/2013

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Nicaragua's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2015

Law No. 82 of 2013

10/04/2013

10/24/2013

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Panama adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Papua New Guinea

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2015

Family Protection Act 2013

09/18/2013

03/11/2014

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Papua New Guinea enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2015

Law on the Protection from Harm

08/26/2013

09/21/2013

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Saudi Arabia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2015

Employment, Parental Leave and Other Measures Act 2013

12/04/2013

04/01/2014

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Singapore introduced paid parental leave.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2015

Employment, Parental Leave and Other Measures Act 2013

12/04/2013

04/01/2014

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Singapore introduced paid paternity leave.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2015

Protection from Harassment Act

04/11/2014

11/15/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Singapore enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Singapore

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2015

Protection from Harassment Act

04/11/2014

11/15/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Singapore enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2015

Employment Equity Amendment Act

01/16/2014

08/01/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

South Africa enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2015

Employment Equity Amendment Act

01/16/2014

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

South Africa mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2015

Occupational Safety and Health Act (2013.07.03 Amended )

07/03/2013

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Taiwan, China allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Taiwan, China

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2015

Occupational Safety and Health Act (2013.07.03 Amended )

07/03/2013

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Taiwan, China eliminated all restrictions on women's employment by limiting them to pregnant and nursing women.

Tonga

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2015

Family Protection Act 2013

11/05/2013

07/01/2014

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Tonga enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2015

Law of Ukraine on State Assistance to Families with Children

03/27/2014

04/01/2014

Negative

Is there paid parental leave?

Ukraine abolished paid parental leave.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2015

Law No. 19.161 - Maternity and Paternity Benefits for Private Sector Workers

11/01/2013

11/15/2013

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Uruguay increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Venezuela, RB

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2015

Civil Code

07/16/2013

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Venezuela, RB gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2015

Labour Code

06/18/2012

05/01/2013

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Viet Nam set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Australia

High income: OECD

Pension

2016

Social Security Act 1991

04/23/1991

07/01/2014

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Australia equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Austria

High income: OECD

Pension

2016

Federal Act of 9 September 1955 on General Social Insurance

08/20/2003

06/01/2014

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Austria no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2016

Political Constitution of the Plurinational State of Bolivia

06/10/2014

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Bolivia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2016

Political Constitution of the Plurinational State of Bolivia

06/10/2014

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Bolivia lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2016

Law No. 603 Family Code

11/19/2014

08/06/2015

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Bolivia abolished a waiting period for remarriage, giving women the same rights to remarry as men.

Bolivia

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2016

Law No. 603 Family Code

11/19/2014

08/06/2015

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Bolivia allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Decree No. 14-176/PR

12/05/2014

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Comoros introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Decree No. 14-176/PR

12/05/2014

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Comoros introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Comoros

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2016

Decree No. 15 - 058/PR promulgating Law No. 14-036/AU of 22 December 2014 on the prevention and repression of violence against women in the Union of the Comoros

12/22/2014

05/02/2015

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Comoros enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Entrepreneurship

2016

Regulations on the Protection of Users of Financial Products and Services

02/05/2015

04/20/2015

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Dominican Republic's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2016

Case TC/0070/15

04/16/2015

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

The Dominican Republic gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2016

Law No. 50 of 2014 amending Some Provisions of the Penal Code Promulgated by Law No. 58 of 1937

06/05/2014

06/06/2014

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Egypt, Arab Rep. adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2016

Law No. 50 of 2014 amending Some Provisions of the Penal Code Promulgated by Law No. 58 of 1937

06/05/2014

06/06/2014

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Egypt, Arab Rep. enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2016

Employment Ordinance (Cap. 57)

12/23/2014

02/27/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Hong Kong SAR, China introduced paid paternity leave.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2016

The Employment (Flexible Work Arrangements) (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 2014

03/25/2011

01/01/2015

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Jamaica equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2016

The Employment (Flexible Work Arrangements) (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 2014

11/25/2014

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Jamaica lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2016

Te Rau N Te Mwenga (Family Peace) Act 2014

12/10/2014

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kiribati enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Lebanon

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2016

Law on the Protection of Women and Family Members from Domestic Violence

05/07/2014

05/15/2014

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Lebanon enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Luxembourg

High income: OECD

Marriage

2016

Civil Code

07/04/2014

12/31/2014

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Luxembourg gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2016

Marriage, Divorce and Family Relations Act

02/12/2015

04/17/2015

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Malawi passed the Marriage, Divorce and Family Relations Bill, which recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2016

Equality for Men and Women Act

02/20/2015

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Malta equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2016

Equality for Men and Women Act

02/20/2015

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Malta equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Mauritania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Act No. 67-039 of 27 March 1967 establishing a social security scheme

12/31/2014

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Mauritania equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Mauritania

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Act No. 67-039 of 27 March 1967 establishing a social security scheme

12/31/2014

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Mauritania equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Nepal

South Asia

Workplace

2016

The Sexual Harassment at Workplace (Prevention) Act, 2014 (2071)

11/21/2014

02/20/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Nepal adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Nepal

South Asia

Workplace

2016

The Sexual Harassment at Workplace (Prevention) Act, 2014 (2071)

11/21/2014

02/20/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Nepal enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Marriage

2016

Social Support Act 2015

07/09/2014

#N/A

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Netherlands enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2016

Family Code

06/24/2014

08/27/2014

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Nicaragua allowed women to be head of household.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2016

Family Code

06/24/2014

08/27/2014

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Nicaragua gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

2016

Family Code

06/24/2014

04/08/2015

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Nicaragua introduced a new Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Nicaragua

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2016

Family Code

06/24/2014

04/08/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Nicaragua introduced paid paternity leave.

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2016

Law on Prevention, Suppression and Protection from Domestic Violence

09/17/2014

01/01/2015

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

North Macedonia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Decree-Law No. 25/2014 - Regulation on Mandatory Social Protection

09/25/2014

11/07/2014

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

São Tomé and Príncipe equalized the mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2016

Decree-Law No. 25/2014 - Regulation on Mandatory Social Protection

09/25/2014

11/07/2014

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

São Tomé and Príncipe explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Serbia

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2016

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance

01/01/2015

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Serbia set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Solomon Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2016

Family Protection Act 2014

08/27/2014

04/01/2016

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Solomon Islands enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2016

General Pensions Law 2014 (No. 113 of 2014).

09/30/2014

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Suriname no longer explicitly accounts for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2016

Personal and Family Code

11/17/2014

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Togo allowed women to be head of household.

Türkiye

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2016

Labor Act

04/04/2015

04/23/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Turkey introduced paid paternity leave.

United Kingdom

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2016

Statutory Shared Parental Pay (General) Regulations 2014

11/18/2014

12/01/2014

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The United Kingdom introduced paid parental leave.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Workplace

2017

Regulations Prohibiting the Harassment of Women

10/03/2015

11/07/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Afghanistan adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment and also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Workplace

2017

Regulations Prohibiting the Harassment of Women

10/03/2015

11/07/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Afghanistan enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Mobility

2017

Passport Law

10/25/2015

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Afghanistan enacted a new Passport Law which no longer requires a married woman to bring a guardian or written consent of her husband when applying for a passport.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2017

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

12/05/2015

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Albania mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Albania

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2017

Labor Code of Albania - Law No. 7961 of 12 July 1995

12/05/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Albania introduced paid paternity leave.

Algeria

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2017

Act No. 15-19 of 30 December 2015 Amending and Supplementing Ordinance No. 66-156 of 8 June 1966 on the Criminal Code

12/30/2015

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Algeria enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2017

Law No. 7/15 - General Labor Law

06/15/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Angola introduced paid paternity leave.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2017

Law No. 17 of 2015 on Protection from Domestic Violence

05/08/2015

08/13/2015

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Bahrain enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2017

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

01/09/2009

12/31/2015

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Bosnia and Herzegovina no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2017

Labor Law of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

03/31/2016

04/12/2016

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Bosnia and Herzegovina allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2017

Decree RD-07-4 of 15 June 2015

06/15/2015

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Bulgaria eliminated restrictions on women's employment in certain industries by limiting them to pregnant and nursing women.

Bulgaria

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2017

Social Insurance Code

07/28/2015

01/01/2016

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Bulgaria set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2017

Law No. 15/013 of 1 August 2015 on the Implementation of Women's Rights and Parity

08/01/2015

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The Democratic Republic of Congo introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

Law No. 15/013 of 1 August 2015 on the Implementation of Women's Rights and Parity

08/01/2015

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Democratic Republic of Congo prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2017

Civil Code

06/16/2015

06/19/2015

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Ecuador amended its Civil Code to allow women to obtain a divorce in the same way as men.

Ecuador

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2017

Civil Code

06/16/2015

06/19/2015

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Ecuador amended its Civil Code whereby a waiting period for women of 300 days before remarriage was also abolished.

El Salvador

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2017

Labor Code

10/23/2015

02/23/2016

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

El Salvador increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Iceland

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2017

Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights Irrespective of Gender, No. 150/2020

07/10/2015

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Iceland's new legal amendments made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2017

Passport Law No. 32 of 2015

09/21/2015

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Iraq enacted a new passport law which no longer requires a married woman to bring a guardian when applying for a passport.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2017

Labor Law No. 37 of 2015

10/15/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Iraq adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2017

Labor Law No. 37 of 2015

10/15/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Iraq enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2017

Labor Law No. 37 of 2015

10/15/2015

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Iraq set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2017

Labor Law No. 37 of 2015

10/15/2015

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Iraq mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2017

Labor Law

10/15/2015

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Iraq increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2017

Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

11/23/2015

01/01/2016

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Kazakhstan set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Kenya

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2017

Protection Against Domestic Violence Act

05/14/2015

06/04/2015

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kenya enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2017

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

08/20/2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Kiribati adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2017

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

08/20/2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Kiribati enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2017

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Kiribati prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2017

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Kiribati eliminated the ban on women's employment in mining and in industrial undertakings at night.

Kiribati

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2017

Employment and Industrial Relations Code 2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Kiribati lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

An Act to Repeal Title 18 of the Executive Law, Labor Practices Law and to establish in lieu thereof the Decent Work Act 2015

06/26/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Liberia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

An Act to Repeal Title 18 of the Executive Law, Labor Practices Law and to establish in lieu thereof the Decent Work Act 2015

06/26/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Liberia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2017

An Act to Repeal Title 18 of the Executive Law, Labor Practices Law and to establish in lieu thereof the Decent Work Act 2015

06/26/2015

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Liberia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2017

An Act to Repeal Title 18 of the Executive Law, Labor Practices Law and to establish in lieu thereof the Decent Work Act 2015

06/26/2015

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Liberia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

An Act to Repeal Title 18 of the Executive Law, Labor Practices Law and to establish in lieu thereof the Decent Work Act 2015

06/26/2015

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Liberia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Mauritius

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2017

Employment Rights Act 2008

05/14/2015

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Mauritius increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Paraguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2017

Law Nº 5508 / PROMOTION, PROTECTION OF MATERNITY AND SUPPORT FOR BREASTFEEDING

10/28/2015

10/29/2015

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Paraguay increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Peru

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2017

Law No. 30367 Law PROTECTING THE MOTHER WORKER AGAINST AARBITRARY DISMISSAL AND EXTENDING HER RESTING PERIOD

11/06/2015

11/25/2015

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Peru increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Seychelles

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2017

Employment (Conditions of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations, 2018

05/28/2015

06/01/2015

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Seychelles introduced paid paternity leave.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2017

Labour Code

11/20/2014

01/01/2016

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Viet Nam introduced paid paternity leave.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2017

Law on Social Insurance

11/20/2014

01/01/2016

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Viet Nam explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

The Gender Equity and Equality Act

12/23/2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Zambia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2017

The Gender Equity and Equality Act

12/23/2015

12/24/2015

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Zambia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment. It also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2017

The Gender Equity and Equality Act

12/23/2015

06/21/2016

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Zambia introduced new legislation that makes access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2017

The Gender Equity and Equality Act

12/23/2015

06/21/2016

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Zambia introduced the Gender Equity and Equality Act allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2017

The Gender Equity and Equality Act

12/24/2015

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Zambia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Cameroon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 2016/007 of 12 July 2016 on the Penal Code

07/12/2016

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Cameroon adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Cameroon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 2016/007 of 12 July 2016 on the Penal Code

07/12/2016

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Cameroon enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Cameroon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 2016/007 of 12 July 2016 on the Penal Code

07/12/2016

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Cameroon prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 001/PR/2017 of 8 May 2017 on the Penal Code

05/08/2017

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Chad adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2018

Law No. 001/PR/2017 of 8 May 2017 on the Penal Code

05/08/2017

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Chad enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Chad

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 001/PR/2017 of 8 May 2017 on the Penal Code

05/08/2017

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Chad enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2018

Labor Code

10/26/2016

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Colombia allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo amended its Family Code allowing a woman to open a bank account without her husband's consent.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo amended its Family Code allowing a woman to register a business without her husband's consent.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman sign a contract in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo amended its Family Code allowing a woman to sign a legally binding contract without her husband's consent.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

The Democratic Republic of Congo no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2018

Law No 16/008 Amending and Complementing Law No. 87-010 of August 1, 1987 on the Family Code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo reformed its Family Code allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2018

Law No. 16-010 of July 15, 2016 amending and supplementing Law No. 15-2002 on the labor code

07/15/2016

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The Democratic Republic of Congo eliminated the ban on women's employment at night.

Dominican Republic

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2018

Law No. 16-92 Labor Code

07/09/2014

02/09/2017

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Dominican Republic increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pension

2018

State Pension Insurance Act

12/05/2001

01/01/2017

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Estonia equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Estonia

High income: OECD

Pension

2018

State Pension Insurance Act

12/05/2001

01/01/2017

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Estonia equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

France

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2018

Labor Code

08/09/2016

08/10/2016

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

France introduced paid parental leave.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 10/2016 of September 5, 2016 to Combat Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

09/05/2016

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Gabon enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2018

Law No. 10/2016 of September 5, 2016 to Combat Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

09/05/2016

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Gabon enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2018

Law No. 2016/059/AN on the Penal Code

10/26/2016

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Guinea's new Penal Code made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Haiti

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2018

Decree of 24 February 1984 updating the Labor Code of 12 September 1961

12/31/2016

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Haiti's government began administering maternity benefits.

India

South Asia

Parenthood

2018

The Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act

03/27/2017

04/01/2017

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

India increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2018

Paternity Leave and Benefit Act

07/27/2016

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Ireland introduced paid paternity leave.

Maldives

South Asia

Entrepreneurship

2018

Gender Equality Act

08/23/2016

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Maldives' Gender Equality Act made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2018

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

04/14/2016

05/27/2016

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Moldova introduced paid paternity leave.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2018

Law on Combating Domestic Violence

12/22/2016

02/01/2017

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Mongolia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2018

Parental Leave and Employment Protection Act 1987

03/17/2016

04/01/2016

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

New Zealand introduced paid parental leave.

Pakistan

South Asia

Workplace

2018

The Sindh Terms of Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 2015. Sindh Act No. XI of 2016.

04/12/2016

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Pakistan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Panama

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2018

Law No. 27 of 2017

05/23/2017

05/24/2017

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Panama introduced paid paternity leave.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pay

2018

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

08/03/2016

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Poland allowed women to work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pay

2018

Act of 26 June 1974 - Labor Code

08/03/2016

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Poland removed all restrictions on women's employment.

Poland

High income: OECD

Pension

2018

Act of 17 December 1998 on Old-Age and Disability Pensions from Social Insurance

11/16/2016

01/05/2017

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Poland no longer establishes an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2018

Law Governing Persons and Family

08/28/2016

09/12/2016

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Rwanda allowed women to be head of household.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2018

Law Governing Persons and Family

08/28/2016

09/12/2016

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Rwanda introduced new legislation allowing a woman to choose where to live in the same way as a man.

Tajikistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2018

Labor Code of the Republic of Tajikistan

07/23/2016

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Tajikistan lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2018

Social Security Law 2016

09/29/2016

11/20/2016

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

West Bank and Gaza introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2018

Social Security Law 2016

09/29/2016

11/20/2016

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

West Bank and Gaza introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2018

Social Security Law 2016

09/29/2016

11/20/2016

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

West Bank and Gaza began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2018

Social Security Law 2016

09/29/2016

11/20/2016

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

West Bank and Gaza explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2019

Law 27246, Retirement Mobility Index. Assets. Faculties

12/28/2017

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Argentina equalized the mandatory retirement age (70 years) for women and men.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2019

Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence, Protection of Victims of Domestic Violence and Restoration of Solidarity in the Family

12/30/2017

01/31/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Armenia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2019

Family Law No. 19 of 2017

07/19/2017

08/01/2017

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Bahrain began allowing women to be head of household.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2019

Employment Sexual Harassment (Prevention) Act, 2017

10/27/2017

12/15/2017

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Barbados enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2019

Employment Sexual Harassment (Prevention) Act, 2017

10/27/2017

12/15/2017

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Barbados enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2019

Law on Pension and Disability Insurance of the Federation of Bosnia and Hertzegovina

02/21/2018

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted a new law that allows women and men to retire with partial benefits at ages 56 and 61 respectively. The ages are set to equalize in 2026.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2019

Law No. 025-2018/AN, containing the Penal Code

05/31/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Burkina Faso enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Burkina Faso

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2019

Law No. 025-2018/AN, containing the Penal Code

05/31/2018

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Burkina Faso made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Decree No. 2018-272 of 7 March 2018 on work forbidden to women and pregnant women

03/07/2018

Negative

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Ivory Coast introduced restrictions for women's employment in certain industries, including mining.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2019

Protection of the Paternity Law 2017 (117(I)/2017)

07/24/2017

08/01/2017

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Cyprus introduced 10 days of paid paternity leave.

Czechia

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2019

Penal Code

05/01/2016

02/01/2018

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The Czech Republic introduced five days of paid paternity leave.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2019

Law No. 66/AN/719/8th L on the Protection, Prevention and Care of Women and Children Victims of Violence

04/12/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Djibouti enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Germany

High income: OECD

Pay

2019

Act on the Promotion of Transparency of Pay between Women and Men

06/30/2017

07/05/2017

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Germany introduced new legislation that mandates equal remuneration for work of equal value.

India

South Asia

Pay

2019

Maharashtra Shops and Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act

09/07/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

The state of Maharashtra eliminated restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Italy

High income: OECD

Pension

2019

Directorial Decree of 5 November 2019

01/01/2018

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Italy equalized the age (67 years) at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Liberia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2019

The Domestic Violence Act of 2019

01/19/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Liberia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2019

InterMinisterial Order n°2017-1670/MSPC-MAECI-MEF-MMEIA-SG of 2 June 2017 determining the conditions for issuing the National Biometric Passport

06/02/2017

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Mali allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Law No. 2017-021/ of 12 June 2017 Amending Law No. 92-020 of 23 September 1992 on the Labor Code in the Republic of Mali

06/12/2017

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Mali enacted legislation that mandates equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Mali

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2019

Law No. 2017-021/ of 12 June 2017 Amending Law No. 92-020 of 23 September 1992 on the Labor Code in the Republic of Mali

06/12/2017

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Mali enacted legislation that prohibits gender discrimination in employment.

Micronesia, Fed. Sts.

East Asia & Pacific

Marriage

2019

An Act Adding a New Title 53 of the Pohnpei Code relative to Domestic Issues and Inserting a New Chapter 1 therein relating to Domestic Violence; amending 59 PC 4-101 of the Pohnpei Code to provide consistency therewith; and for other purposes

11/07/2017

12/12/2017

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Micronesia, Fed. Sts. enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2019

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/20/2017

08/25/2017

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Moldova introduced different mandatory retirement ages for women and men. Employers may now terminate the contracts of women at age 58 and 6 months and of men at age 63. The ages are set to equalize in 2028.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2019

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/20/2017

08/25/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Moldova lifted restrictions on women’s ability to hold jobs deemed dangerous. Now, such restrictions are limited to women who are pregnant, nursing or postpartum.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2019

Labor Code of the Republic of Moldova

07/20/2017

08/25/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Moldova eliminated restrictions on women’s ability to work in certain industries. Now, such restrictions are limited to women who are pregnant, nursing or postpartum

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2019

Labor Code

01/01/2018

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Mongolia introduced paid parental leave.

Morocco

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2019

Act No. 103-13 on combating violence against women

02/22/2018

07/07/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Morocco enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2019

The Mozambique Code of Conduct for Institutions Credit and Financial Institutions of March 22, 2018

03/23/2018

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Mozambique made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Nepal

South Asia

Mobility

2019

The National Civil (Code) Act

08/02/2017

08/17/2018

Negative

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Nepal introduced a provision that restricts women from choosing where to live in the same way as men.

Nepal

South Asia

Pay

2019

Labor Act 2017

09/04/2017

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Nepal mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Nepal

South Asia

Pay

2019

Labor Act 2017

09/04/2017

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Nepal lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

Nepal

South Asia

Workplace

2019

Labor Act 2017

09/04/2017

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Nepal enacted new legislation that prohibits gender discrimination in employment.

Nepal

South Asia

Parenthood

2019

Labor Act 2017

09/04/2017

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Nepal introduced 15 days of paid paternity leave.

Nepal

South Asia

Marriage

2019

The National Civil (Code) Act

10/16/2017

08/17/2018

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Nepal allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Nepal

South Asia

Assets

2019

The National Civil (Code) Act

10/16/2017

08/17/2018

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Nepal equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Nepal

South Asia

Assets

2019

The National Civil (Code) Act

10/16/2017

08/17/2018

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Nepal equalized inheritance rights for sons and daughters.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Decree No. 2017-682/PRN/MET/PS of 10 August 2017 on the regulatory part of the Labor Code

08/10/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Niger removed restrictions on women’s employment in mining, construction and manufacturing. Women can now work in these industries in the same way as men.

Pakistan

South Asia

Parenthood

2019

The Sindh Maternity Benefits Act

05/23/2018

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Pakistan increased the duration of paid maternity leave from 84 to 112 days.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2019

Anti-Harassment Law Royal Decree No. M/96

05/31/2018

06/08/2018

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Saudi Arabia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2019

Anti-Harassment Law Royal Decree No. M/96

05/31/2018

06/08/2018

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Saudi Arabia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

South Sudan mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

South Sudan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

South Sudan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in underground and underwater jobs.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

South Sudan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

12/12/2017

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

South Sudan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

South Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2019

Labor Act, 2017

10/24/2017

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

South Sudan introduced 10 days of paid paternity leave.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2019

Decree-Law No. 12/2017

05/24/2017

06/23/2017

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Timor-Leste introduced a social security system that administers maternity benefits.

Timor-Leste

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2019

Decree-Law No. 18/2012 - Subsidies for Motherhood Support

05/24/2017

06/23/2017

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Timor-Leste explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2019

Organic Law No. 2017-58 of 11 August 2017, on the Elimination of Violence against Women

08/11/2017

08/15/2017

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Tunisia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2019

Organic Law No. 2017-58 of 11 August 2017, on the Elimination of Violence against Women

08/11/2017

08/15/2017

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Tunisia adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Tunisia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2019

Organic Law No. 2017-58 of 11 August 2017, on the Elimination of Violence against Women

08/15/2017

02/15/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Tunisia enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2019

Law of Ukraine on Compulsory State Pension Insurance

10/03/2017

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Ukraine equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2019

The matter of nationality and passports, The matter of amending some provisions of Federal Law No. 17 of 1972 AD Federal Decree-Law No. 16 of 2017 AD

08/30/2017

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates made international travel easier for women by allowing a married woman to apply for a passport without the written consent of her husband.

United States

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2019

New York Regulations Part 415. Child Care Services

04/04/2016

01/01/2018

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

United States began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

United States

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2019

New York Regulations Part 415. Child Care Services

04/04/2016

01/01/2018

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

New York State (USA) introduced paid family leave that currently entitles each parent to 70 days of leave for the birth of a child. It will gradually increase to 84 days. Parents receive paid parental leave benefits through their employer’s insurance carriers.

United States

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2019

New York Regulations Part 415. Child Care Services

04/04/2016

01/01/2018

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

United States introduced paid leave for fathers.

Uruguay

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2019

Law No. 19.580 - Gender Based Violence and Against Women

12/22/2017

01/09/2018

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Uruguay introduced new legislation that mandates equal remuneration for women and men who perform work of equal value.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Decree Law No. 59 of 2018 amending some provisions of Labor Code No. 36 of 2012

11/02/2018

11/29/2018

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Bahrain adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Decree Law No. 59 of 2018 amending some provisions of Labor Code No. 36 of 2012

11/02/2018

11/29/2018

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Bahrain enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Canada

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2020

Employment Insurance Act

02/27/2018

03/17/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Canada introduced a new parental leave sharing benefit that reserves 35 days of paid parental leave for the father.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2020

Law No. 16-009 establishing the rules relating to the general social security scheme

07/15/2016

07/15/2018

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

The Democratic Republic of Congo equalized the retirement age (60 years) for women and men.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2020

Law No. 16-009 establishing the rules relating to the general social security scheme

07/15/2016

07/15/2018

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

The Democratic Republic of Congo introduced social insurance maternity benefits. Maternity leave is now paid by the government instead of the employer.

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2020

Law No. 16-009 establishing the rules relating to the general social security scheme

07/15/2016

07/15/2018

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

The Democratic Republic of Congo established pension credits for periods of child care.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2020

Reform of Law No. 7142, Law for the Promotion of Social Equality for Women, of March 8, 1990

03/26/2019

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Costa Rica mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2020

Law No. 2019-570 of 26 June 2019 relating to marriage

06/26/2019

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Côte d’Ivoire granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2020

Law No. 2019-570 of 26 June 2019 relating to marriage

06/26/2019

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Côte d’Ivoire granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Law No. 221/AN/17/8th L amending and supplementing Law No. 133/AN/05/5th L of 28 January 2006 establishing the Labor Code

06/25/2018

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Djibouti adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Djibouti

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Law No. 221/AN/17/8th L amending and supplementing Law No. 133/AN/05/5th L of 28 January 2006 establishing the Labor Code

06/25/2018

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Djibouti enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Eswatini

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2020

Sexual Offences and Domestic Violence Act, 2018

06/28/2018

07/16/2018

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Eswatini enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2020

Employment Relations (Budget Amendment) Act 2018

07/13/2018

01/01/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Fiji increased the duration of paid maternity leave from 84 to 98 days.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2020

Employment Relations (Budget Amendment) Act 2018

07/13/2018

01/01/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Fiji introduced five days of paid paternity leave.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2020

Law on Gender Equality

02/19/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Georgia made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in access to financial services.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2020

Labor Code of Georgia

05/03/2019

#N/A

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Georgia enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Grenada

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

2020

Passport Regulations 2018

06/27/2018

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Grenada made international travel easier for women by allowing them to apply for a passport in the same way as men, with no need for additional documentation

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2020

Ordinary Law L/2019/035/AN of July 04, 2019, on the Civil Code of the Republic of Guinea

07/04/2019

07/26/2019

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Guinea allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2020

Ordinary Law L/2019/035/AN of July 04, 2019, on the Civil Code of the Republic of Guinea

07/26/2019

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Guinea allowed women to be head of household in the same way as a man.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2020

Ordinary Law L/2019/035/AN of July 04, 2019, on the Civil Code of the Republic of Guinea

07/26/2019

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Guinea allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2020

Ordinary Law L/2019/035/AN of July 04, 2019, on the Civil Code of the Republic of Guinea

07/26/2019

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Guinea allowed women to obtain a divorce in the same way as a man.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2020

Decree No. 2 of 2018

12/30/2018

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Jordan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2020

Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments

05/16/2019

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Jordan enacted legislation that mandates equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2020

Law No. 8 of 1996 (Labor Law of 1996) and its amendments

05/16/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Jordan introduced three days of paid paternity leave.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Social Insurance Law

04/01/2019

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Kuwait set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2020

Labor Law (Amended) 2006

06/27/2018

01/09/2019

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Lao PDR enacted legislation that obliges employers to share in the administration of maternity benefits.

Lao PDR

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2020

Law on Social Security (Amended Version)

06/27/2018

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Lao PDR explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Nepal

South Asia

Pension

2020

Social Security Act 2018

11/19/2018

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Nepal adopted its first old age pension system that allows both women and men to retire with full pension benefits at age 60.

Nepal

South Asia

Pension

2020

Social Security Act 2018

11/19/2018

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Nepal adopted its first old age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Nepal

South Asia

Parenthood

2020

Social Security Act 2018

11/22/2018

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Nepal increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2020

105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law (Republic Act No. 11210)

02/20/2019

03/07/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

The Philippines extended the duration of paid maternity leave from 60 to 105 days.

Philippines

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2020

105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law (Republic Act No. 11210)

02/20/2019

03/07/2019

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

The Philippines enacted legislation that obliges employers to share in the administration of maternity benefits.

Portugal

High income: OECD

Marriage

2020

Law No. 85/2019

08/06/2019

10/01/2019

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Portugal gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2020

Law No. 66/2018 of 30/08/2018 Regulating Labor in Rwanda

08/30/2018

09/06/2018

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Rwanda introduced equal remuneration for work of equal value

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2020

Law No. 6/2019 - Labor Code

08/31/2018

11/16/2018

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2020

Law No. 6/2019 - Labor Code

08/31/2018

11/16/2018

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in the mining industry.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2020

Law No. 6/2019 - Labor Code

08/31/2018

11/16/2018

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

São Tomé and Príncipe lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2020

Law No. 6/2019 - Labor Code

04/11/2019

07/11/2019

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

São Tomé and Príncipe prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

São Tomé and Príncipe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2020

Law No. 6/2019 - Labor Code

04/11/2019

07/11/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

São Tomé and Príncipe increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2020

Banking Consumer Protection Principles; Finance Companies Consumer Protection Principles

07/24/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Saudi Arabia made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia began allowing women to be head of household.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia equalized a woman’s right to choose where to live.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia equalized a woman’s right to leave the marital home.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia improved women’s mobility by removing restrictions on obtaining a passport.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia improved women’s mobility by removing restrictions on traveling abroad.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2020

Royal Decree No. M/134

07/30/2019

08/02/2019

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Saudi Arabia removed the legal obligation for a married woman to obey her husband.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Labor Law

07/30/2019

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Saudi Arabia equalized the age (60 years) at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Labor Law

07/30/2019

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Saudi Arabia mandated a retirement age of 60 years for both women and men.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2020

Labor Law

07/30/2019

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Saudi Arabia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Labor Law

07/30/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Saudi Arabia prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Pension

2020

Pension and Disability Insurance Act

05/03/2019

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Slovenia equalized the age (60 years) at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2020

Family Employment Protection Act (Maternity Protection Act)

06/10/2019

09/10/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Suriname prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2020

Law No. 20 of 2019 amending the Personal Status Law No. 59 of 1953

06/27/2019

06/28/2019

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Syria no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Syrian Arab Republic

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2020

Law No. 4 of 2019 amending some articles of the Personal Status Law promulgated by Legislative Decree No. 59 of 1953 and its amendments

06/27/2019

06/28/2019

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

The Syrian Arab Republic allowed a married woman to leave the home without her husband's permission.

Thailand

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2020

Labor Protection Act (No. 7) B.E. 2562 (2019)

04/05/2019

05/05/2019

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Thailand introduced new legislation that mandates equal remuneration for women and men who perform work of equal value.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2020

Passport Application Procedures 2020

06/01/2018

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Uganda made international travel easier for women by allowing them to apply for a passport in the same way as men, with no need to provide additional information.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2020

Federal Domestic Violence Law No. 10 of 2019

08/29/2019

01/29/2020

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The United Arab Emirates adopted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The United Arab Emirates enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The United Arab Emirates adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2020

Federal Domestic Violence Law No. 10 of 2019

08/29/2019

01/29/2020

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates began allowing women to be head of household.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

The United Arab Emirates prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in the mining, manufacturing, agriculture and energy industries.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2020

Federal Decree Law No. 6 of 2019 Amending Some Provisions of Federal Labor Law No. 8 of 1980

08/29/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The United Arab Emirates improved the protection of women at work by prohibiting gender discrimination in employment.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2020

Central Bank Circular Announcement

09/01/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The United Arab Emirates made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2020

Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 4235 of 7 March 2019

03/07/2019

Positive

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Uzbekistan equalized the mandatory retirement age (60 years) for women and men.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Social Security Law 2016

01/28/2019

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

West Bank and Gaza reversed a previous reform that introduced the 2016 Social Security Law. There is now no pension system for the private sector.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Social Security Law 2016

01/28/2019

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

West Bank and Gaza reversed a previous reform that introduced the 2016 Social Security Law. There is now no pension system for the private sector.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2020

Labor Law No. (7) of 2000

01/28/2019

Negative

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

West Bank and Gaza reversed a previous reform that introduced the 2016 Social Security Law. Now employers are solely liable for paying maternity benefits.

West Bank and Gaza

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2020

Social Security Law 2016

01/28/2019

Negative

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

West Bank and Gaza reversed a previous reform that introduced the 2016 Social Security Law. There is now no pension system for the private sector.

Zambia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2020

Employment Code Act

04/11/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Zambia extended the duration of paid maternity leave from 84 to 98 days.

Austria

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2021

Father's Leave Act

07/01/2019

12/01/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Austria introduced 30 days of paid paternity leave.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2021

Ministerial Order No. 32 of 2013

10/18/2019

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Bahrain eliminated restrictions on women's employment in arduous jobs.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2021

Central Bank of Bahrain's Directive No. OG/293/2020

08/26/2020

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Bahrain made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2021

Social Insurance Organization Decision No. (1) of 2020

08/27/2020

08/29/2020

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Bahrain explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension
benefits.

Barbados

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2021

Employment (Prevention of Discrimination) Act

08/05/2020

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Barbados prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2021

Circular Note - Procedural Relief

12/08/2019

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Benin allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2021

Decree No. 10.410/2020, of June 30, 2020

06/30/2020

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Brazil eliminated the possibility to retire with partial pension benefits. Previously, the ages at which men and women could retire with partial pension benefits were unequal.

Chile

High income: OECD

Marriage

2021

Law 21.264 of 2021 Eliminating the Waiting Period for Remarrying

09/04/2020

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Chile gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2021

Law No. 2/1943 Labor Code

10/01/2019

10/29/2019

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Costa Rica lifted the ban on women's night work.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2021

Labour Proclamation No.1156/2019

09/05/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Ethiopia increased paid maternity leave from 90 to 120 days.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2021

Labour Proclamation No.1156/2019

09/05/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Ethiopia introduced 3 days of paid paternity leave.

Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2021

Financial Consumer Protection Directive, No. FCP/01/2020

06/09/2020

08/25/2020

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Ethiopia enacted the Financial Consumer Protection Directive that prohibited discrimination in access to credit based on gender.

Fiji

East Asia & Pacific

Mobility

2021

Travel Documents Regulations 2019

09/18/2019

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Fiji allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

India

South Asia

Parenthood

2021

The Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948

09/10/2020

10/01/2020

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

The state of Maharashtra began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Ireland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2021

Parent's Leave and Benefit Act 2019

10/24/2019

11/02/2019

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Ireland introduced two weeks of paid parental leave as an individual entitlement for each parent.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2021

The Central Bank of Jordan Instructions No. 56/2012

08/12/2020

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Jordan made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2021

Passport application form

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Jordan allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2021

Kuwait Domestic Violence Law 2020

09/13/2020

09/20/2020

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Kuwait enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Madagascar

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2021

Law No. 2019-008 on Combating Gender-Based Violence

12/13/2019

01/21/2020

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Madagascar enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Marshall Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Entrepreneurship

2021

Gender Equality Act 2019

10/01/2019

10/01/2020

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

The Marshall Islands made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination when providing financial services.

Marshall Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2021

Gender Equality Act 2019

10/01/2019

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

The Marshall Islands mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Marshall Islands

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2021

Gender Equality Act 2019

10/01/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

The Marshall Islands prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2021

Labor Law

12/30/2019

01/07/2020

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Montenegro removed restrictions on women's employment in jobs deemed dangerous.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2021

Labor Law

12/30/2019

01/07/2020

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Montenegro eliminated restrictions on women's employment in industrial jobs such as mining, construction, manufacturing and the water sector.

New Zealand

High income: OECD

Pay

2021

Equal Pay Amendment Act 2020

08/06/2020

10/31/2020

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

New Zealand mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Pakistan

South Asia

Entrepreneurship

2021

Companies (Amendment) Ordinance

05/05/2020

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Pakistan allowed women to register a business in the same way as a men.

Puerto Rico

Latin America & Caribbean

Marriage

2021

Civil Code

06/01/2020

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Puerto Rico, U.S., gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2021

Law No. 001/2020 of 02/02/2020 Amending Law No. 32/2016 of 28/08/2016 governing persons and family

02/02/2020

02/17/2020

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Rwanda gave women the same rights to remarry as men.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2021

Royal Decree No. (M/5) dated 1-7-1442 AH

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia eliminated restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2021

Royal Decree No. (M/5) dated 1-7-1442 AH

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work in the mining industry.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2021

Royal Decree No. (M/5) dated 1-7-1442 AH

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia eliminated restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2021

National Interprofessional Collective Agreement

12/30/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Senegal prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2021

The Sexual Offences Act, 2019

09/19/2019

11/04/2019

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Sierra Leone adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2021

The Sexual Offences Act, 2019

09/19/2019

11/04/2019

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Sierra Leone adopted legislation on sexual harassment in employment.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2021

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

03/28/2019

01/01/2020

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic established unequal ages for men and women to retire with full pension benefits.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2021

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

03/28/2019

01/01/2020

Negative

Is the mandatory retirement age for women and men the same?

Slovak Republic set unequal mandatory retirement ages for women and men.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Pension

2021

Law No. 461/2003 on Social Insurance

03/28/2019

01/01/2020

Negative

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Slovak Republic set unequal ages at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Slovenia

High income: OECD

Pension

2021

Pension and Disability Insurance Act

02/04/2012

01/01/2020

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Slovenia equalized the ages (65 years) at which men and women can retire with full pension benefits.

Sudan

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2021

Passport and Immigration regulations

07/27/2020

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Sudan enacted Passport and Immigration regulations that allow women to apply for passports in the same way as men.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2021

Family Employment Protection Act (Maternity Protection Act)

06/10/2019

09/10/2019

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Suriname prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2021

Family Employment Protection Act (Maternity Protection Act)

06/10/2019

09/10/2019

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Suriname introduced 16 weeks of paid maternity leave and 8 days of paid paternity leave.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2021

Family Employment Protection Act (Maternity Protection Act)

06/10/2019

09/10/2019

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Suriname introduced 8 days of paid paternity leave.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2021

Federal Decree No. 5 of 2020

08/25/2020

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman travel outside her home in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates allowed a married woman to leave the home without her husband's permission.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2021

Federal Decree No. 5 of 2020

08/25/2020

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2021

Federal Decree No. 5 of 2020

08/25/2020

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2021

Federal Decree No. 5 of 2020

08/25/2020

08/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?

The United Arab Emirates allowed women to travel abroad in the same way as men.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2021

Federal Decree No. 5 of 2020

08/25/2020

08/26/2020

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

The United Arab Emirates no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2021

Federal Decree-Law Regarding the Regulation of Employment Relationship

08/25/2020

09/25/2020

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

The United Arab Emirates mandated equal remuneration for men and women who perform work of equal value.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2021

Federal Decree-Law Regarding the Regulation of Employment Relationship

08/27/2020

09/27/2020

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The United Arab Emirates introduced 5 days of paid parental leave as an individual entitlement for each parent.

United Arab Emirates

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2021

Federal Decree-Law Regarding the Regulation of Employment Relationship

08/27/2020

09/27/2020

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

The United Arab Emirates introduced paid leave for fathers to care for their newborn babies.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Entrepreneurship

2021

Resolution about measures for implementation of system of registration and issue of identification ID cards in the Republic of Uzbekistan

09/02/2019

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Uzbekistan made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination when providing financial services.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2021

Labour Code

11/20/2019

01/31/2020

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Viet Nam eliminated restrictions on women's employment in jobs deemed dangerous.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2022

The Angolan Criminal Code

11/11/2020

02/11/2021

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Angola adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Angola

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2022

The Angolan Criminal Code

11/11/2020

02/11/2021

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Angola enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Argentina

Latin America & Caribbean

Pension

2022

Integrated Retirement and Pension System Decree 475/2021

07/17/2021

07/19/2021

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Argentina explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2022

Labor Code of the Republic of Armenia

09/16/2020

01/01/2021

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Armenia introduced paid paternity leave.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2022

Law No. 36 of 2012 The promulgation of the Labor Law in the private sector

08/05/2021

08/06/2021

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Bahrain mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2022

Law No. 36 of 2012 The promulgation of the Labor Law in the private sector

08/05/2021

08/06/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Bahrain repealed provisions giving the relevant authority the power to prohibit or restrict women from working in certain jobs or industries.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2022

Law No. 36 of 2012 The promulgation of the Labor Law in the private sector

08/05/2021

08/06/2021

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Bahrain lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2022

Inter-Ministerial Order 2021-096/MPMEPE/MTFP/MS/DC/SGM/DGT/DSSMST/DPEE/SA/012SGG21 establishing the nature of the work and the categories of businesses forbidden to pregnant women, nursing mothers and young people and the age limit to which the interdiction applies

08/26/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Benin removed restrictions on women’s employment in construction. Women can now work in industrial jobs in the same way as men.

Burundi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2022

Law No. 1/11 of November 24, 2020 revising the Decree Law No. 1/037 of July 7, 1993 revising the Labor Code of Burundi

11/24/2020

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Burundi mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2022

Sub-Degree No. 32 On The Social Security Scheme of Pension Money Section For The Persons Who Are Under the Provisions of Labor Law

03/04/2021

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Cambodia introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Cambodia

East Asia & Pacific

Pension

2022

Sub-Degree No. 32 On The Social Security Scheme of Pension Money Section For The Persons Who Are Under the Provisions of Labor Law

03/04/2021

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Cambodia introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2022

Law Num. 2114 of July 29, 2021

07/29/2021

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Colombia introduced paid parental leave.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Mobility

2022

Passport application form; Passport application procedures

10/26/2020

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Cyprus allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2022

Prime Minister's Decision No. 827 of 2021 to Establish Units of Violence against Women

04/18/2021

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Egypt, Arab Rep. enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Egypt, Arab Rep.

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2022

The Central Bank of Egypt’s Circular of April 22, 2021

04/22/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Egypt, Arab Rep. made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Gabon enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

Gabon allowed a woman to get a job without permission from her husband.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Gabon allowed women to choose where to live in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Can a woman open a bank account in the same way as a man?

Gabon allowed women to open a bank account in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man?

Gabon allows women to be head of household in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Does the law grant spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage?

Gabon granted spouses equal administrative authority over assets during marriage.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Do women and men have equal ownership rights to immovable property?

Gabon granted spouses equal rights to immovable property.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Gabon made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2022

Law N° 004/2021 of September 15, 2021 modifying certain provisions of Law N° 15/72 of July 29, 1972 on the Civil Code

09/15/2021

09/16/2021

Positive

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Gabon no longer requires a married woman to obey her husband.

Georgia

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2022

Labor Code of Georgia

09/29/2020

10/05/2020

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Georgia introduced paid parental leave.

Greece

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2022

Law No. 4808/2021

06/16/2021

06/19/2021

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Greece introduced 2 months of paid parental leave as an individual entitlement for each parent.

Hong Kong SAR, China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2022

Employment Ordinance (Cap. 57)

07/17/2020

12/11/2020

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Hong Kong SAR, China increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Korea, Rep.

High income: OECD

Entrepreneurship

2022

Act on the Protection of Financial Consumers

03/24/2020

09/25/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Korea, Rep. prohibited discrimination in access to credit based on gender.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2022

Ministerial Decree No. 177 of 2021

09/28/2021

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Kuwait adopted legislation on sexual harassment in employment.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2022

Ministerial Decree No. 177 of 2021

09/28/2021

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Kuwait adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Kuwait

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2022

Ministerial Decree No. 177 of 2021 on Prohibiting Discrimination in Employment and Prohibiting Sexual Harassment at Workplaces

09/28/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Kuwait prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Lebanon

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2022

Law on Criminalizing Sexual Harassment and the Rehabilitation of its Victims

12/21/2020

01/07/2021

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Lebanon adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment and also enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Lebanon

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2022

Law on Criminalizing Sexual Harassment and the Rehabilitation of its Victims

12/21/2020

01/07/2021

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Lebanon enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Nigeria

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2022

Passport application procedures

11/03/2020

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Nigeria allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2022

Passport Application Procedures

01/01/2021

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Oman allowed women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Pakistan

South Asia

Entrepreneurship

2022

The Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2020

01/01/2021

Negative

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Pakistan failed to convert into law a decree that would permanently equalize men’s and women’s ability to register a business.

Pakistan

South Asia

Pay

2022

The Sindh Shops and Commercial Establishment (Amendment) Act, 2021. Sindh Act No.XXV of 2021.

07/05/2021

07/28/2021

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Pakistan lifted restrictions on women's ability to work at night.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2022

Directives on Provision of Financial Services on a Non-Discriminatory Basis of August 5, 2021

08/05/2021

08/12/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Sierra Leone made access to credit easier for women by prohibiting gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Spain

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2022

Royal Decree-Law No. 6/2019 on urgent measures to guarantee of equal treatment and opportunities between women and men in employment and occupation

03/01/2019

01/01/2021

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Spain introduced 16 weeks of paid parental leave as an individual entitlement for fathers.

Switzerland

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2022

Law No. 97-013 on the Family Code

12/19/2019

01/01/2021

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Switzerland introduced 2 weeks of paid paternity leave.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2022

Labor Code

06/18/2021

Negative

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Togo introduced new legislation which no longer prohibits the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Pension

2022

Law of Ukraine on Compulsory State Pension Insurance

07/08/2011

04/01/2021

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Ukraine equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Ukraine

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2022

Labor Code of Ukraine

04/15/2021

05/09/2021

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Ukraine introduced 14 days of paid paternity leave.

Viet Nam

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2022

Circular No.10/2020/TT-BLDTBXH

11/12/2020

01/01/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Viet Nam eliminated all restrictions on women's employment. Women can now work in industrial jobs in the same way as men.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Workplace

2023

Executive Decree on Women's Rights

12/03/2021

Negative

Can a woman get a job in the same way as a man?

The interim Taliban administration in Afghanistan restricted women’s right to get a job in the same way as men.

Afghanistan

South Asia

Mobility

2023

Executive Decree on Women's Rights

12/03/2021

Negative

Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?

The interim Taliban administration in Afghanistan restricted women’s right to travel outside the country in the same way as men.

Antigua and Barbuda

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2023

Labor Code (Amendment) Act

04/20/2022

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Antigua and Barbuda increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Bahrain

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2023

Law No. 14 of 2022 amending the some provisions of the Social Security Law issued by Decree Law No. 24 of 1976

04/18/2022

05/24/2022

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Bahrain equalized the ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Benin

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2023

Order No. 2349-5 Prohibiting any discrimination based on sex in access to credit from credit institutions, financial institutions of a banking nature and decentralized financial systems

12/21/2021

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Benin prohibited gender-based discrimination in financial services.

China

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2023

Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Population and Family Planning 2022

11/25/2021

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

China introduced paid parental leave.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2023

Law No. 19-2022 on the fight against violence against women in the Republic of Congo

05/04/2022

05/19/2022

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

The Republic of Congo adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2023

Law No. 19-2022 on the fight against violence against women in the Republic of Congo

05/04/2022

05/19/2022

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

The Republic of Congo enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Congo, Rep.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2023

Law No. 19-2022 on the fight against violence against women in the Republic of Congo

05/04/2022

05/19/2022

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

The Republic of Congo enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Pay

2023

Freedom of Employment Choice of Women

03/07/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Costa Rica removed restrictions on women's employment in jobs deemed dangerous.

Costa Rica

Latin America & Caribbean

Parenthood

2023

Law to combat labor discrimination against women in maternity condition

05/05/2022

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Costa Rica introduced paid paternity leave.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2023

Law Loi No. 2021-894 on Measures for the Protection of Victims of Domestic Violence, Rape and Sexual Violence Other Forms of Violence

12/21/2021

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Côte d'Ivoire enacted legislation protecting women from domestic violence.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2023

Law No. 2021-893 of 21 December 2021 modifying the Penal Code

12/21/2021

01/13/2022

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Côte d'Ivoire prohibited gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Decree No. 2021-919 of 22 December 2021 concerning the protection of pregnant women in employment

12/22/2021

01/24/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Côte d'Ivoire

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Decree No. 2021-919 of 22 December 2021 concerning the protection of pregnant women in employment

12/22/2021

01/24/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Côte d'Ivoire eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in industrial jobs in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2023

Courier N°00762/MI/CAB-ME addressed to the Director General of Documentation and Immigration concerning the documents required for the issuance of a passport

10/15/2021

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Gabon enacted legislation allowing women to apply for a passport in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law n°022/2021 of November 19, 2021 on the Code of Work in the Gabonese Republic

11/19/2021

11/23/2021

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Gabon mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law n°022/2021 of November 19, 2021 on the Code of Work in the Gabonese Republic

11/19/2021

11/23/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Gabon eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Gabon

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law n°022/2021 of November 19, 2021 on the Code of Work in the Gabonese Republic

11/19/2021

11/23/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Gabon eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in industrial jobs in the same way as men.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law No. 7 of 2022

07/19/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Guinea-Bissau lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law No. 7 of 2022

07/19/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Guinea-Bissau eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in mining and underground work.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Law No. 7 of 2022

07/19/2022

Positive

Can a woman work at night in the same way as a man?

Guinea-Bissau lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work at night.

Guinea-Bissau

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2023

Law No. 7 of 2022, Arts. 360(1), 146 and 151

07/19/2022

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Guinea-Bissau introduced paid paternity leave.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2023

Law on the Crime of Sexual Violence

05/09/2022

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Indonesia adopted criminal penalties and civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Indonesia

East Asia & Pacific

Workplace

2023

Law on the Crime of Sexual Violence

05/09/2022

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Indonesia enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Iraq

Middle East & North Africa

Entrepreneurship

2023

Central Bank Circular No. 23/422

03/10/2022

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Iraq prohibited gender-based discrimination in financial services.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2023

Sexual Harassment (Protection and Prevention) Act

11/02/2021

07/03/2023

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Jamaica enacted civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment.

Jamaica

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2023

Sexual Harassment (Protection and Prevention) Act

11/02/2021

07/03/2023

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Jamaica enacted legislation protecting women from sexual harassment in employment.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2023

Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 12, 2021 No. 67-VII ZRK

10/12/2021

10/22/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Kazakhstan eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in jobs deemed dangerous in the same way as men.

Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2023

Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 12, 2021 No. 67-VII ZRK

10/12/2021

10/22/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Kazakhstan eliminated all restrictions on women’s employment. Women can now work in industrial jobs in the same way as men.

Malawi

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2023

Employment (Amendment) Act, 2021

07/07/2021

10/07/2021

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Malawi introduced paid paternity leave.

Malta

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2023

The Work-Life Balance for Parents and Carers Regulations, 2022

07/12/2022

08/02/2022

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Malta introduced paid parental leave.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2023

The Law of Mongolia 07/02/2021 on Labor

07/02/2021

01/01/2022

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Mongolia mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Mongolia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2023

The Law of Mongolia 07/02/2021 on Labor

07/02/2021

01/01/2022

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Mongolia introduced paid paternity leave.

Netherlands

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2023

Decree of 26 April 2022

04/26/2022

08/02/2022

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

The Netherlands introduced paid parental leave.

Niger

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Convention Collective Interprofessionelle of 2022

04/01/2022

Negative

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Niger introduced restrictions for women's employment in certain industries.

Pakistan

South Asia

Entrepreneurship

2023

Companies (Amendment) Act, 2021

12/04/2021

Positive

Can a woman register a business in the same way as a man?

Pakistan allowed women to register a business in the same way as men.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2023

Law No.129/2022

09/14/2022

09/19/2022

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

San Marino introduced paid parental leave.

San Marino

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2023

Law No.129/2022

09/14/2022

09/19/2022

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

San Marino introduced paid leave for fathers.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Marriage

2023

Personal Status Law

03/09/2022

06/19/2022

Negative

Is the law free of legal provisions that require a married woman to obey her husband?

Saudi Arabia enacted legislation mandating women to obey their husbands.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2023

Personal Status Law

03/09/2022

06/19/2022

Negative

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia restricted women’s right to choose where to live.

Saudi Arabia

Middle East & North Africa

Mobility

2023

Personal Status Law

03/09/2022

06/19/2022

Negative

Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man?

Saudi Arabia restricted women’s right to travel outside the home in the same way as men.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2023

Decree relating to the work of pregnant women No. 2021-1469

11/03/2021

11/16/2021

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Senegal removed restrictions on women’s employment in industrial jobs.

Senegal

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2023

Law No. 2022-01 of April 14, 2022 on the status of refugees and stateless persons

04/14/2022

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Senegal prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Sri Lanka

South Asia

Assets

2023

Land Development (Amendment) Act No. 11 of 2022

03/25/2022

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Sri Lanka enacted an amendment to make the order of inheritance gender-neutral for children and grandchildren.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2023

Succession (Amendment) Act, 2022

04/10/2022

Positive

Do sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents?

Uganda equalized inheritance rights for both sons and daughters.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2023

Succession (Amendment) Act, 2022

04/10/2022

Positive

Do female and male surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets?

Uganda equalized inheritance rights for male and female surviving spouses.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Mobility

2023

Succession (Amendment) Act, 2022

04/10/2022

Positive

Can a woman choose where to live in the same way as a man?

Uganda granted women the same rights to choose where to live as men.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2024

Law No 160-N

05/29/2023

07/31/2023

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Armenia enacted legislation protecting a woman from sexual harassment in employment.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2024

Labor Code

11/05/2022

12/09/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Azerbaijan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Azerbaijan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2024

Labor Code

11/05/2022

12/09/2022

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Azerbaijan eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in industrial jobs.

Belize

Latin America & Caribbean

Mobility

2024

Passports (Amendment) Regulations 2023

04/01/2023

Positive

Can a woman apply for a passport in the same way as a man?

Belize amended its Passport Regulations and updated the application form so that women are no longer required to submit additional documents and can apply passports in the same way as men.

Cyprus

Europe & Central Asia

Parenthood

2024

Leave (Paternity, Parental, Caring, Force Majeure) and Flexible Work Arrangements for the Balance between Professional and Private Life Law 216(I)/2022

12/16/2022

Positive

Is there paid parental leave?

Cyprus introduced 42 days of paid parental leave as an individual entitlement for each parent.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2024

Law 4/2022 amending the Penal Code

08/17/2022

11/18/2022

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Equatorial Guinea adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Equatorial Guinea

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2024

Law 4/2022 amending the Penal Code

08/17/2022

11/18/2022

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Equatorial Guinea enacted legislation protecting a woman from sexual harassment in employment.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2024

Law Amending Labor Law No. 10 of 2023

04/17/2023

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Jordan enacted legislation protecting a woman from sexual harassment in employment.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2024

Law Amending Labor Law No. 10 of 2023

04/17/2023

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Jordan adopted criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2024

Law No. 10 of 2023

05/16/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Jordan eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in industrial jobs.

Jordan

Middle East & North Africa

Workplace

2024

Labor Law

05/16/2023

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Jordan prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Lesotho

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2024

Counter Domestic Violence Act, 2022

#N/A

12/12/2022

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Lesotho enacted legislation protecting a woman from domestic violence.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2024

Employment (Amendment) Act 2022

04/26/2022

01/01/2023

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Malaysia prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Pay

2024

Employment (Amendment) Act 2022

04/26/2022

01/01/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Malaysia eliminated restrictions on women’s employment at night in industrial or agricultural undertakings, or underground work.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2024

Employment Act 1955; Employment (Amendment) Act 2022

04/26/2022

01/01/2023

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Malaysia increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Malaysia

East Asia & Pacific

Parenthood

2024

Employment (Amendment) Act 2022

04/26/2022

01/01/2023

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Malaysia introduced paid paternity leave.

Moldova

Europe & Central Asia

Workplace

2024

Law No. 316 of 17-11-2022 for the Amendment of Some Normative Acts (Ensuring the Rights of Victims in the Case of Crimes Regarding Sexual Life and Family Violence)

11/17/2022

12/09/2022

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Moldova established criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2024

Labor Law

07/25/2023

07/31/2023

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Oman prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Pay

2024

Sultanate Decree No. 53 of 2023

07/25/2023

07/31/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Oman lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2024

Labor Law

07/25/2023

07/31/2023

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Oman increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Oman

Middle East & North Africa

Parenthood

2024

Labor Law

07/25/2023

07/31/2023

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Oman introduced paid paternity leave.

Qatar

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2024

Law No. 1 of 2022

04/19/2022

01/03/2023

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits the same?

Qatar introduced an old-age pension system that sets equal ages at which women and men can retire with full pension benefits.

Qatar

Middle East & North Africa

Pension

2024

Law No. 1 of 2022

04/19/2022

01/03/2023

Positive

Is the age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits the same?

Qatar introduced an old-age pension system that does not establish an age at which women and men can retire with partial pension benefits.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2024

Regulation No. 55/2022

11/07/2022

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Rwanda enacted regulations that prohibited discrimination in access to credit based on gender.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Law No. 27/2023 of 18/05/2023

05/18/2023

05/30/2023

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Rwanda prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Rwanda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Law No. 27/2023 of 18/05/2023; Ministerial Order No. 02/MIFOTRA/23 of 01/08/2023

05/18/2023

05/30/2023

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Rwanda increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment Act 2022

11/15/2022

12/23/2022

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Sierra Leone prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2024

Employment Act 2023, Secs. 1 and 18(1)

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Sierra Leone mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pay

2024

Employment Act, 2023

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Sierra Leone eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in the mining, construction, factories, energy, water and transportation industries.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Employment Act 2023

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Is paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers?

Sierra Leone increased the duration of paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Workplace

2024

Employment Act 2023, Secs. 1 and 17(1)

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment based on gender?

Sierra Leone prohibited gender discrimination in employment.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Employment Act 2023

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Sierra Leone introduced paid paternity leave.

Sierra Leone

Sub-Saharan Africa

Pension

2024

Employment Act 2023

05/02/2023

05/11/2023

Positive

Are periods of absence from work due to childcare accounted for in pension benefits?

Sierra Leone explicitly accounted for periods of absence due to child care in pension benefits.

Slovak Republic

High income: OECD

Parenthood

2024

Labor Code

10/04/2022

11/01/2022

Positive

Is there paid leave available to fathers?

Slovak Republic introduced paid paternity leave.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2024

Workplace Violence and Sexual Harassment Act

11/10/2022

11/17/2022

Positive

Are there criminal penalties or civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment?

Suriname established criminal penalties for sexual harassment in employment.

Suriname

Latin America & Caribbean

Workplace

2024

Workplace Violence and Sexual Harassment Act

11/10/2022

11/17/2022

Positive

Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment?

Suriname enacted legislation protecting a woman from sexual harassment in employment.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2024

Loi N° 2022-018 du 15 novembre 2022 portant modification de la Loi N° 2015-10 du 24 Novembre 2015 portant nouveau code pénal, modifié par la Loi N° 2016-027 du 11 octobre 2016

11/15/2022

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Togo enacted legislation protecting a woman from domestic violence.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2024

Loi No. 2022-017 du 15 Novembre 2022

11/15/2022

Positive

Does a woman have the same rights to remarry as a man?

Togo enacted a law that gave women the right to remarry in the same way as men.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Entrepreneurship

2024

Loi No. 2022-017 du 15 Novembre 2022

11/15/2022

Positive

Does the law prohibit discrimination in access to credit based on gender?

Togo enacted a law that prohibited discrimination in access to credit based on gender.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Assets

2024

Loi No. 2022-017 du 15 Novembre 2022

11/15/2022

Positive

Does the law provide for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions?

Togo enacted a law that recognized the value of nonmonetary contributions

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Loi 2022-19

11/15/2022

Positive

Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited?

Togo prohibited the dismissal of pregnant workers.

Togo

Sub-Saharan Africa

Parenthood

2024

Code du Travail; Loi No. 2022-019

11/15/2022

Positive

Does the government administer 100 percent of maternity leave benefits?

Togo began administering maternity benefits through its social security system.

Uganda

Sub-Saharan Africa

Marriage

2024

The Law Revisions (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2023

04/03/2023

05/10/2023

Positive

Can a woman obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as a man?

Uganda adopted an act that allowed women to obtain divorce in the same way as men.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2024

Labor Code, Arts. 244 and 248

10/28/2022

04/30/2023

Positive

Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value?

Uzbekistan mandated equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2024

Labor Code

10/28/2022

04/30/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as a man?

Uzbekistan lifted restrictions on women’s ability to work in jobs deemed dangerous.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Pay

2024

Labor Code

10/28/2022

04/30/2023

Positive

Can a woman work in an industrial job in the same way as a man?

Uzbekistan eliminated restrictions on women’s employment in the mining industry.

Uzbekistan

Europe & Central Asia

Marriage

2024

Law No. ZRU-829

04/11/2023

04/12/2023

Positive

Is there legislation specifically addressing domestic violence?

Uzbekistan enacted legislation protecting a woman from domestic violence.